杉木与浙江楠混交对根系分泌物和丛枝菌根真菌群落结构的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230360

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究杉木与浙江楠混交对根系分泌物和土壤中丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）群落结构的影响，为杉木人工纯林“针改阔”的树种选择提供参考，为提高杉-阔混交林生产力提供理论依据和思路。方法: 在杉木纯林、浙江楠纯林、杉木与浙江楠混交林中，采集0~20 cm土层样品，分析纯林和混交林土壤中根系分泌物和AMF群落结构差异，阐明混交林根系分泌物对AMF群落结构变化的影响。结果: 纯林与混交林土层样品中共检出含量高且具有化感活性的主要分泌物5种：2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、油酸甲酯、棕榈酸、硬脂酸，其中油酸甲酯、棕榈酸、硬脂酸含量在不同林分间差异显著。浙江楠纯林根际土壤中含AMF属的OTU数量最多、多样性和相对丰度最高，混交林次之，杉木纯林最低；3种林分土壤AMF优势属均为Glomus属，混交显著降低Glomus占比、提高Gigaspora占比。相关分析表明，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对杉木纯林土壤AMF群落结构影响较大，油酸甲酯对混交林土壤AMF群落结构影响较大。结论: 杉木与浙江楠混交使土壤化感物质含量发生改变，影响土壤微生物结构组成，AMF群落多样性和丰富度显著高于杉木纯林。

关键词: 混交林, 根系分泌物, 丛枝菌根真菌, 杉木, 浙江楠, 纯林

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to examine the effects of mixed plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Phoebe chekiangensis on root exudates and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The findings would provide theoretical reference for the management and productivity improvement of C. lanceolata plantations. Method: In a pure C. lanceolata forest, a pure of P. chekiangensis forest, and a mixed C. lanceolata and P. chekiangensis forest, soil samples were collected from 0–20 cm soil layer to analyze the differences in root exudates and AMF community structure in the pure and mixed forests, and to elucidate the effects of root exudates in the mixed forest on the community structure of AMFs. Result: Five main types of exudates with high content and allelopathic activity, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, dibutyl phthalate, methyl oleate, palmitic acid, and stearic acid, were detected in the soil samples from pure and mixed forests. Among them, the contents of methyl oleate, palmitic acid, and stearic acid varied significantly among different forest types. The number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and relative abundance of genera at the OTU level were the highest in the soil of pure P. chekiangensis forest, followed by mixed forest, and the lowest in pure C. lanceolata forest. The dominant genus of AMF in the soils of all three forests was Glomus. The percentage of Glomus was significantly reduced and the percentage of Gigaspora was increased in the mixed forest. Correlation analysis showed that dibutyl phthalate had a greater effect on soil AMF community structure in the C. lanceolata pure forest, and methyl oleate had a greater effect on soil AMF community structure in the mixed forest. Conclusion: The mixed plantation of C. lanceolata and P. chekiangensis results in changes in the content of allelochemicals and affects soil microbiome composition, resulting in significantly higher AMF community diversity and richness compared to pure Chinese fir forest. The results of this study can provide references for the selection of tree species in the“needle to broadleaved forests”conversation from pure C. lanceolata forests, and provide a new theoretical basis and ideas for improving the productivity of needle-broadleaved mixed forests.

Key words: mixed plantation, root exudates, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Cunninghamia lanceolata, Phoebe chekiangensis, pure forest

中图分类号:

杨淑雅,王镜如,朱滢滢,伊力塔,刘美华. 杉木与浙江楠混交对根系分泌物和丛枝菌根真菌群落结构的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(9): 59-68.

Shuya Yang,Jingru Wang,Yingying Zhu,Lita Yi,Meihua Liu. Effects of Mixed Plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Phoebe chekiangensis on Root Exudates and Community Structure of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(9): 59-68.

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类别 Types	化合物名称 Compound name	保留时间 Retention time/min	含量 Content/ (μg·kg^?1)
内标物Internal standard substance	香叶醇Geraniol	11.99	200.00
烃类 Hydrocarbon	3-乙基己烷3-Ethylhexane	4.33	5.36±0.59
	4-乙基己烷4-Ethylhexane	5.15	4.46±0.19
	2,2,5,5-四甲基-3-己炔 2,2,5, 5-Tetramethyl-3-hexyne	6.29	102.95±11.35
	2-溴-2-甲基丁烷 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane	6.79	75.95±7.25
	3,6-二甲基辛烷 3,6-Dimethyl octane	7.32	4.18±0.42
	十一烷Hendecane	8.77	17.97±3.11
	十二烷Dodecane	11.06	18.49±2.68
	十三烯Tridecylene	11.63	9.07±1.27
	十四烷Tetradecane	12.34	7.22±1.48
	十五烷Pentadecane	13.85	17.56±2.49
	十八烷Octodecane	17.00	9.52±1.01
	二十烷Eicosane	18.54	4.92±0.27
	二十一烷Heneicosane	19.49	25.91±4.56
	二十四烷Tetracosane	19.82	24.85±4.04
酚类Phenols	4-乙基间苯二酚 4-Ethylresorcinol	5.85	14.78±2.61
	2-烯丙基-6-甲基苯酚 2-Allyl-6-methylphenol	10.81	6.88±0.77
	2,4-二叔丁基苯酚 2, 4-Di-tert-butylphenol	15.46	168.98±3.53
酸类Acids	棕榈酸Palmitic acid	20.29	15.50±1.62
酸类Acids	硬脂酸Stearic acid	22.15	15.57±1.69
酯类Esters	N-己酸（反-2-己烯基）酯Trans-2-hexenyl hexanoate	17.75	43.61±5.46
	邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 Dibutyl phthalate	20.50	672.64±4.24
	油酸甲酯Methyl oleate	24.04	242.90±31.94
	邻苯二甲酸二辛酯 Dioctyl phthalate	25.47	7.40±1.07
其他Others	蒽Anthracene	20.08	17.72±3.55
	十八胺Octadecylamine	22.41	27.61±4.13
	番木鳖碱Strychninum	26.83	8.80±1.14

类别 Types	化合物名称 Compound name	保留时间 Retention time/min	含量 Content/ (μg·kg^?1)
内标物 Internal standard substance	香叶醇Geraniol	12.00	200.00
烃类 Hydrocarbon	2,4-二甲基己烷 2, 4-Dimethylhexane	4.33	7.02±0.46
	2,2,5,5-四甲基-3-己炔 2,2,5, 5-Tetramethyl-3-hexyne	5.85	18.15±1.31
	2,2,5,5-四甲基-4-己炔2,2,5, 5-Tetramethyl-4-hexyne	6.29	85.07±7.53
	2-溴-2-甲基丁烷 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane	6.80	82.45±7.27
	十一烷Hendecane	9.53	11.44±2.84
	十二烷Dodecane	10.68	5.45±0.85
	十三烷Tridecane	11.07	11.91±3.01
	十五烷Pentadecane	12.23	29.44±2.92
	十四烷Tetradecane	13.86	16.51±2.39
	十七烷Heptadecane	15.63	19.12±3.27
	二十烷Eicosane	19.49	20.38±1.29
	二十四烷Tetracosane	19.83	27.46±4.66
	二十八烷Octacosane	25.34	7.76±0.94
醇类 Alcohols	2-丙基-1-戊醇 2-Propyl-1-amyl alcohol	4.14	1.75±0.33
醇类 Alcohols	正戊醇N-Pentanol	4.25	1.06±0.04
酚类 Phenols	2-烯丙基-6-甲基苯酚 2-Allyl-6-methylphenol	10.81	7.46±0.79
酚类 Phenols	2,4-二叔丁基苯酚 2, 4-Di-tert-butylphenol	15.46	171.36±5.56
酸类 Acids	棕榈酸Palmitic acid	20.30	34.49±5.81
酸类 Acids	硬脂酸Stearic acid	22.15	9.46±0.66
酯类 Esters	羟基十一烷酸内酯 11-Hydroxyundecanoic acid lactone	5.99	2.06±0.69
	异氰酸十八酯 Octadecyl isocyanate	9.94	2.83±0.53
	N-己酸（反-2-己烯基）酯Trans-2-hexenyl hexanoate	17.76	43.18±4.36
	邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 Dibutyl phthalate	20.51	552.17±8.31
	油酸甲酯Methyl oleate	24.01	176.02±36.78
	邻苯二甲酸二辛酯 Dioctyl phthalate	25.47	2.69±0.25
其他 Others	蒽Anthracene	20.09	18.32±1.47
	十四胺1-Tetradecanamine	22.42	25.08±4.82
	番木鳖碱Strychninum	26.84	7.33±1.93
	派利文碱Perivine	27.20	59.60±5.26

类别 Types	化合物名称 Compound name	保留时间Retention time/min	含量 Content/ (μg·kg^?1)
内标物 Internal Standard Substance	香叶醇Geraniol	12.00	200.00
烃类 Hydrocarbon	2,4-二甲基己烷 2, 4-Dimethylhexane	4.38	11.53±2.03
	对二甲苯P-Xylene	5.43	19.87±4.11
	苯乙烯Styrene	5.87	27.16±3.47
	癸烷decane	8.18	19.17±3.90
	十一烷Hendecane	8.78	7.83±0.49
	十二烷Dodecane	9.53	11.05±1.58
	十四烷Tetradecane	11.06	12.98±1.37
	十五烷Pentadecane	12.23	41.33±5.47
	十六烷Hexadecane	12.87	19.97±3.22
	十七烷Heptadecane	14.00	13.50±1.76
	十五烷Pentadecane	14.14	10.63±0.92
	正二十烷Eicosane	15.63	15.54±2.21
	2-甲基十五烷 2-Methylpentadecane	15.89	7.39±0.88
	正二十一烷Heneicosane	17.58	33.10±4.73
	正二十四烷Tetracosane	21.50	52.50±6.45
	二十八烷Octacosane	23.40	14.80±2.35
	正二十六烷Hexacosane	25.66	25.44±4.04
	3-甲基-3-羟甲基氧杂环丁烷3-Methyl-3-oxetanemethanol	40.37	14.73±1.92
卤代烃 Haloalkane	氯苯Chlorobenzene	4.97	14.56±1.55
卤代烃 Haloalkane	邻二氯苯 O-dichlorobenzene	8.61	122.12±9.11
酚类 Phenols	2,4-二叔丁基苯酚 2, 4-Di-tert-butylphenol	15.46	176.49±4.01
酸类 Acids	棕榈酸Palmitic acid	20.30	55.62±7.99
酸类 Acids	硬脂酸Stearic acid	22.16	19.31±2.09
酯类 Esters	N-己酸（反-2-己烯基）酯Trans-2-hexenyl hexanoate	17.75	49.70±7.39
	邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 Dibutyl phthalate	20.50	535.10±32.22
	油酸甲酯Methyl oleate	24.06	393.81±47.38
	单棕榈酸甘油Monopalmitin	25.16	13.66±2.42
其他 Others	蒽Anthracene	20.09	18.11±2.38
	十四胺 1-Tetradecanamine	22.43	51.31±6.41
	十八胺Octadecylamine	24.20	16.62±2.77
	番木鳖碱Strychninum	26.84	9.61±1.87
	派利文碱Perivine	27.21	123.19±7.33

	邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 Dibutyl phthalate	油酸甲酯 Methyl oleate	2,4-二叔丁基苯酚 2, 4-Di-tert-butylphenol	棕榈酸 Palmitic acid	硬脂酸 Stearic acid
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	672.64±4.24a （37.76%）	242.9±31.94b （13.64%）	168.98±3.53a （9.49%）	15.5±1.62c （1.00%）	15.57±1.69b （1.00%）
浙江楠 Phoebe chekiangensis	552.17±8.31b （32.12%）	176.02±36.78c （10.24%）	171.36±5.56a （9.97%）	34.49±5.81b （2.00%）	9.46±0.66b （1.00%）
混交林 Mixed forest	535.1±32.22b （24.80%）	393.81±47.38a （18.25%）	176.49±4.01a （8.18%）	55.62±7.99a （3.00%）	19.31±2.09a （1.00%）

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