亚热带树种在未成林造林地的凋落物量和周转与叶片性状的关系

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220391

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 测定亚热带树种的叶片功能性状、凋落叶质量、凋落物量和周转期，揭示叶片性状对凋落物量和周转的影响，为杉木采伐后如何选择造林树种以改善土壤肥力提供科学依据。方法: 选取在二代杉木林采伐迹地营造的17种亚热带树种，测定其在3年生未成林造林地的凋落物量和周转期，同时测定各树种的叶片功能性状（比叶面积、干物质含量、氮含量等）和凋落叶质量（碳氮比、单宁含量、可溶性糖含量等），建立叶片性状与凋落物量和周转期的回归关系。结果: 17种树种中，米老排凋落物量最高（6.67 t·hm^?2a^?1），杉木凋落物量最低（0 t·hm^?2a^?1）；江南桤木凋落叶周转期最短（0.09年）；深山含笑凋落叶周转期最长（1.09年）。凋落物量随比叶面积增加而增加，随叶氮含量增加而降低；凋落叶周转期随凋落叶碳氮比和单宁含量增加而增加，随凋落叶最大持水率增加而降低。结论: 在亚热带未成林造林地中，凋落物量受比叶面积和叶氮含量的影响，凋落叶周转期受凋落叶碳氮比、单宁含量和最大持水率的影响；杉木在未成林造林地阶段的凋落物归还量极少。经营亚热带人工林时，要考虑种植比叶面积和凋落叶最大持水能力较高、凋落叶单宁含量和碳氮比较低的树种，以提高林地凋落物归还量和周转速率，改善退化人工林的土壤肥力。

关键词: 比叶面积, 叶氮含量, 凋落叶单宁含量, 凋落叶最大持水能力, 杉木

Abstract:

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the influence of leaf traits on the litter production and litter turnover period in subtropical China. This study was aimed to provide scientific basis for the rational selection of tree species in afforestation to improve soil fertility after successive reforestation of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Method: We studied the annual litter productions and their turnover periods under 3-year-old young afforested land, which were established on the sites after clear-cutting of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations. The regression relationships between leaf traits and litter production/turnover period were established by measuring leaf functional traits (specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, nitrogen content, etc.) and leaf litter quality (leaf litter C/N ratio, tannin content, soluble sugar content, etc.). Result: Among 17 tree species, Mytilaria laosensis had the highest litter production (6.67 t·hm^?2a^?1), and C. lanceolata had the lowest litter production (0 t·hm^?2a^?1). Alnus trabeculosa leaf litter had the shortest turnover period (0.09 a). Michelia maudiae leaf litter had the longest turnover period (1.09 a). The litter production increased with the increase of specific leaf area and decreased with the increase of leaf nitrogen content. The litter turnover period increased with the increase of leaf litter C/N ratio and tannin content, decreased with the increase of leaf litter max water retention capacity. Conclusion: In subtropical young afforested land, leaf functional traits effect the litter production and leaf litter traits effect the turnover period. Meanwhile, Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations has lower litter production return to soil in subtropical young afforested land. In the management of subtropical artificial forest, it is necessary to consider planting trees with higher specific leaf area and litter maximum water holding capacity, lower litter tannin content and carbon nitrogen ratio, so as to improve the return amount and forest litter turnover and improve the soil fertility of degraded plantations.

Key words: specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen content, leaf litter tannin content, leaf litter max water retention capacity, Cunninghamia lanceolata

中图分类号:

S718.5

贾辉,朱敏,余再鹏,万晓华,傅彦榕,王思荣,邹秉章,黄志群. 亚热带树种在未成林造林地的凋落物量和周转与叶片性状的关系[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(1): 12-18.

Hui Jia,Min Zhu,Zaipeng Yu,Xiaohua Wan,Yanrong Fu,Sirong Wang,Bingzhang Zou,Zhiqun Huang. Relationship between Litter Production, Litter Turnover Period and Leaf Traits of Different Tree Species in Subtropical Young Afforested Land[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(1): 12-18.

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预测因子 Predictors	F	P	R²	调整后的R² Adjusted R²
土壤PCA1 Soil PCA1	0.37	0.07	0.40	0.33
叶片氮含量 Leaf N content	6.93	<0.001
叶片厚度 Leaf thickness	1.14	0.158
比叶面积 Specific leaf area	15.40	<0.001

预测因子 Predictors	F	P	R²	调整后的R² Adjusted R²
土壤 PCA1 Soil PCA1	7.76	0.123	0.51	0.45
凋落物碳氮比 Leaf litter C/N	19.05	0.037
凋落叶最大持水率 Leaf litter max water retention	4.58	0.040
凋落叶单宁含量 Leaf litter tannin content	3.67	0.050

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