桉树生长和防御相关酶对摩西管柄囊霉和青枯菌的响应

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220095

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究桉树响应从枝菌根真菌和青枯菌的生长和生理特征，为应用菌根化育苗技术防控桉树青枯病提供理论支撑。方法: 以巨桉幼苗为对象，研究摩西管柄囊霉菌根化和青枯菌侵染进程对寄主生长和防御相关酶活性的影响。结果: 1）摩西管柄囊霉能与巨桉根系良好共生，菌根化桉树株高、地径、干质量、根冠比分别为非菌根化处理的2.30、4.38、2.75和1.71倍。与非菌根化处理相比，菌根化巨桉幼苗根长、根直径、根表面积、根体积、根冠比、根系和叶片中氮、磷和钾含量均显著增加（P<0.05）。2）随青枯菌侵染时间的增加，菌根化桉树叶片中的防御相关酶活性显著高于对应的非菌根化处理，过氧化物酶（POD）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性在菌根化桉树组织中先升高后降低，分别在青枯菌侵染48、24、144 hpi时达到峰值；菌根化桉树叶片中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）和几丁质酶活性先升高后降低，在青枯菌侵染96 hpi后达到峰值。3）接种摩西管柄囊霉对桉树青枯病的防控效果为81.67%。结论: 接种摩西管柄囊霉显著促进桉树幼苗健壮生长，受青枯菌侵染后，菌根化桉树幼苗快速和大幅度提高防御相关酶活性，增强寄主防御青枯菌的能力。

关键词: 巨桉, 青枯菌, 丛枝菌根真菌, 抗病性, 生理生化指标

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to investigate the growth and physiological characteristics of Eucalyptus grandis in response to Funneliformis mosseae and Ralstonia solanacearum, so as to provide some theoretical support for application mycorrhizal technology to prevent and control Eucalyptus bacterial wilt disease. Method: E. grandis seedlings were used to study the effects of F. mosseae mycorrhizal during the infection course of R. solanacearumon the host plant growth and defense-related enzyme activities. Result: 1) F. mosseae was well symbiotic with the root of E. grandis. The plant height, ground diameter, dry weight and root-shoot ratio of mycorrhizal Eucalyptus were 2.30, 4.38, 2.75 and 1.71 times higher than those of non-mycorrhizal Eucalyptus, respectively. Compared with non-mycorrhizal E. grandis seedlings, the root length, root diameter, root surface area, root volume, root-shoot ratio, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in roots and leaves of mycorrhizal E. grandis seedlings were significantly increased (P<0.05). 2) With the increase ofR. solanacearum infection time, activities of defense-related enzymes in mycorrhizal Eucalyptus leaves were significantly higher than those in the corresponding non-mycorrhizal Eucalyptus leaves. Peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and β-1,3-glucanase activity increased firstly and then decreased in tissues of mycorrhizal Eucalyptus, reaching the peak at 48, 24 and 144 hpi, respectively. In leaves of mycorrhizal Eucalyptus, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chitinase were first increased then declined, reaching the peak after 96 hpi of R. solanacearum infection. 3) The control effect of inoculating F. mosseae on bacterial wilt of Eucalyptus was 81.67%. Conclusion: Inoculation with F. mosseae significantly promotes the growth of Eucalyptus seedlings. After infection with R. solanacearum, activities of defense-related enzymes rapidly and greatly increase in the mycorrhizal Eucalyptus seedlings, enhancing the host defense ability against R. solanacearum.

Key words: Eucalyptus grandis, Ralstonia solanacearum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, disease resistance, physiological and biochemical indicators

中图分类号:

S723.1

黄迪,陈园,钟泺龙,梁家俊,王正木,陈祖静. 桉树生长和防御相关酶对摩西管柄囊霉和青枯菌的响应[J]. 林业科学, 2023, 59(11): 68-75.

Di Huang,Yuan Chen,Luolong Zhong,Jiajun Liang,Zhengmu Wang,Zujing Chen. Growth and Defense-related Enzymes of Eucalyptus in Responses to Funneliformis mosseae and Ralstonia solanacearum[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(11): 68-75.

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处理Treatments	非菌根化 Non-mycorrhizal	菌根化Mycorrhizal
根长Root length/cm	13.18±1.12	23.55±1.83*
根直径Root diameter/mm	13.89±0.00	19.24±0.04*
根表面积Root surface area/cm²	275.57±15.58	453.00±35.35*
根体积Root volume/cm³	0.31±0.05	1.10±0.09*
根冠比Root shoot ratio	1.06±0.06	2.29±0.08*
地上氮含量 Aboveground nitrogen content/(g·kg^?1)	10.49±0.04	28.61±0.24*
地上磷含量 Aboveground phosphorus content /(g·kg^?1)	0.55±0.03	1.62±0.01*
地上钾含量 Aboveground potassium content/(g·kg^?1)	26.71±0.21	45.87±0.12*
地下氮含量 Underground nitrogen content /（g·kg^?1）	4.12±0.03	7.09±0.11*
地下磷含量 Underground phosphorus content / （g·kg^?1）	0.43±0.02	0.82±0.01*
地下钾含量 Underground potassium content /(g·kg^?1）	6.92±0.12	9.92±0.16*

处理Treatments	发病率 Incidence rate (%)	病情指数 Disease index (%)	防控效果 Control effect (%)
非菌根化 Non-mycorrhizal	100%	100%	—
菌根化 Mycorrhizal	18.33%±1.45%	15%±1.15%	81.67%±1.45%

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