青藏高原东缘岷江冷杉径向生长对升温响应分异的坡向和海拔差异

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220387

林业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 65-77.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220387

青藏高原东缘岷江冷杉径向生长对升温响应分异的坡向和海拔差异

薛盼盼^1,²(),缪宁^1,*(),岳喜明¹,陶琼¹,张远东³,冯秋红^4,⁵,毛康珊¹

1. 四川大学生命科学学院　教育部生物资源和生态环境重点实验室　成都 610065
2. 云南省林业和草原局　昆明 650224
3. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所　国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室　北京 100091
4. 四川省林业科学研究院　森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室　成都 610081
5. 四川卧龙森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站　阿坝 623006

收稿日期:2022-06-09 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-09-08
通讯作者: 缪宁 E-mail:xuepp1531@163.com;miaoning@scu.edu.cn
基金资助:
四川省科技计划项目(18ZDYF2170, 2022YFS0468)；国家自然科学基金项目(32271646, U20A2080)

Divergence Phenomenon of Radial Growth of Minjiang Fir in Response to Warming at Different Slope Aspects and Elevations on the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Panpan Xue^1,²(),Ning Miao^1,*(),Ximing Yue¹,Qiong Tao¹,Yuandong Zhang³,Qiuhong Feng^4,⁵,Kangshan Mao¹

1. Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education　College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University　Chengdu 610065
2. Yunnan Forestry and Grassland Bureau　Kunming 650224
3. Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration　Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry　Beijing 100091
4. Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province　Sichuan Academy of Forestry　Chengdu 610081
5. Sichuan Wolong Forest Ecosystem Research Station　Aba 623006

Received:2022-06-09 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-09-08
Contact: Ning Miao E-mail:xuepp1531@163.com;miaoning@scu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究气候变化背景下青藏高原东缘典型优势树种岷江冷杉的分异现象与坡向和海拔的空间关联，揭示该地区岷江冷杉发生分异的原因和响应机制。方法: 采用树木年轮方法，在青藏高原东缘米亚罗林区岷江冷杉4个主要分布坡向(东北、北、西北、西)的3个海拔梯度(3 650、3 800和3 950 m)采集875根岷江冷杉的树芯，去除生长趋势后建立12个基于地形点位的岷江冷杉标准年表。利用回归分析方法研究岷江冷杉径向生长与增温的分异现象，应用Pearson相关分析和滑动相关分方法分析1955—2019年岷江冷杉径向生长与气候因子的相关性及其动态变化。结果: 1) 4个坡向林线岷江冷杉径向生长均未发生分异，西坡未出现分异，北坡、西北坡中低海拔和东北坡低海拔均与增温趋势表现出分异。2) 在5个发生分异的样点中，中低海拔北坡和低海拔西北坡岷江冷杉的径向生长与生长季(6月)降水呈显著负相关(P<0.05)；中海拔北坡和西北坡分别与前一年9月降水和10月温度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)；低海拔北坡与4月和9月温度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。3) 1955—2019年，中海拔北坡岷江冷杉径向生长与前一年9月和6月降水的负相关关系趋于显著(P<0.05)；低海拔北坡与4月和9月温度的负相关关系趋于显著(P<0.05)，与6月降水的负相关关系趋于显著(P<0.05)；中海拔西北坡与前一年10月温度保持稳定的显著正相关关系(P<0.05)；低海拔西北坡与6月降水的负相关关系趋于显著(P<0.05)，与6月温度的显著负相关关系趋于不相关；低海拔东北坡与前一年9、10和12月，当年1、5和9月温度的负相关关系均趋于显著(P<0.05)。结论: 相比偏阳的东北坡和西坡，岷江冷杉出现分异现象的海拔分别在北坡和西北坡更低。岷江冷杉的分异现象与前一年生长季末和当年非生长季的干旱胁迫密切联系。未来气候变化背景下，低海拔岷江冷杉的生长响应具有不确定性，但林线岷江冷杉的径向生长将受益于增温。

关键词: 岷江冷杉, 气候变化, 分异现象, 坡向, 海拔

Abstract:

Objective: Minjiang fir (Abies fargesii var. faxoniana) is an endemic and dominant tree species in the eastern Tibetan Plateau (TP). This paper aims to study the spatial correlation of the divergence phenomenon of Minjiang fir with slope aspect and elevation and to explore its driving force, so as to provide a scientific basis for climate reconstruction and predict distributions of natural forests in southwestern China. Method: In the Miyaluo Forest Region on the eastern margin of TP, a total of 875 tree cores of Minjiang fir were collected from four main distribution slope aspects (NE, N, NW, and W) and three elevation gradients (3 650, 3 800, and 3 950 m). After the growth trend of the tree ring was removed using dendrochronology, twelve tree ring standard chronologies of Minjiang fir were established based on terrain points. The regression analysis was used to study the divergence between the tree-ring index of Minjiang fir and the warming trend. The Pearson correlation analysis and sliding correlation analysis were used to reveal the relationships between the tree-ring index of Minjiang fir and climate factors from 1955 to 2019. Result: 1) There was no divergence in the radial growth of Minjiang fir in treelines of the four slope aspects, and the Minjiang fir trees on the west slope did not take place divergence. The tree-ring index of Minjiang fir on the N and NW slope aspects at the low and middle elevations and the NE slope at the low elevation showed divergence patterns with the warming trend. 2) Among the five diverged plots, the radial growth of Minjiang fir on the north slope at middle and low elevations as well as the northwest slope at low elevation showed a negative correlation with the precipitation during the growing season (June) (P<0.05). Minjiang fir on the N and NW slope at the middle elevation were negatively correlated with the precipitation in September and the temperature in October of the previous year, respectively (P<0.05). Tree ring indices of Minjiang fir on the N slope at the low elevation showed a negative correlation with the temperature in April and September (P<0.05). 3) From 1955 to 2019, the negative correlation between the tree-ring index of Minjiang fir on the middle elevation N slope and precipitation in September and June of the previous year tended to be significant (P<0.05). The negative correlation between the tree-ring index of Minjiang fir on low elevation N slope and the temperature in April and September tended to be significant, and the negative correlation with precipitation in June tended to be significant (P<0.05). A stable significant positive correlation was maintained between the tree-ring index of Minjiang fir on middle elevation NW slope and the mean temperature in October of the previous year (P<0.05). On the low-elevation NW slope, the negative correlation between the tree-ring index and precipitation in June tended to be significant (P<0.05), and the relationship with the mean temperature in June tended to be uncorrelated. The negative correlation between the tree-ring index of Minjiang fir on low altitude NE slope and the mean temperature in September, October, and December of the previous year, and in January, May, and September tended to be significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The divergence phenomenon of Minjiang fir occurs at lower elevations on the south-facing slopes (NE and W) rather than on the north-facing slopes (N and NW). The drought stress on Minjiang fir occurs in the previous year's late growing season and the current year's non-growing season. Under the background of future warming, the growth response of Minjiang fir at the lower elevations is uncertain, but the radial growth of Minjiang fir trees in the treelines will be beneficial from warming.

Key words: Abies fargesii var. faxoniana, climate change, divergence phenomenon, slope aspect, elevation

中图分类号:

薛盼盼,缪宁,岳喜明,陶琼,张远东,冯秋红,毛康珊. 青藏高原东缘岷江冷杉径向生长对升温响应分异的坡向和海拔差异[J]. 林业科学, 2023, 59(7): 65-77.

Panpan Xue,Ning Miao,Ximing Yue,Qiong Tao,Yuandong Zhang,Qiuhong Feng,Kangshan Mao. Divergence Phenomenon of Radial Growth of Minjiang Fir in Response to Warming at Different Slope Aspects and Elevations on the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(7): 65-77.

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采样点 Sampling sites	坡向 Aspects	坡度 Slope/ (°)	经度 Longitude (E)/(°)	纬度 Latitude (N)/(°)	海拔 Altitude/m
W-H-1	西坡 West slope	27~30	102.696 5	31.837 7	3 950
W-M-1			102.692 8	31.831 6	3 800
W-L-1			102.690 5	31.832 5	3 650
W-H-2			102.698 1	31.837 0	3 960
W-M-2			102.695 9	31.837 8	3 820
W-L-2			102.693 0	31.839 2	3 660
NW-H-1	西北坡 Northwest slope	27~30	102.707 3	31.867 4	3 980
NW-M-1			102.733 9	31.869 1	3 812
NW-L-1			102.731 6	31.870 3	3 655
NW-H-2			102.732 6	31.862 8	3 987
NW-M-2			102.729 9	31.865 1	3 819
NW-L-2			102.728 0	31.866 8	3 680
N-H-1	北坡 North slope	27~30	102.672 5	31.834 2	4 008
N-M-1			102.675 7	31.835 2	3 871
N-L-1			102.678 5	31.835 1	3 719
N-H-2			102.669 9	31.834 6	4 010
N-M-2			102.672 6	31.836 1	3 849
N-L-2			102.676 7	31.836 9	3 705
NE-H-1	东北坡Northeast slope	27~30	102.798 8	31.634 1	3 965
NE-M-1			102.799 8	31.636 4	3 815
NE-L-1			102.805 7	31.635 2	3 660
NE-H-2			102.799 9	31.636 4	3 968
NE-M-2			102.799 4	31.636 4	3 810
NE-L-2			102.905 7	31.635 2	3 650

采样点Sites	采样数量/样本量Tree/series	时间跨度Time span	MS	SD	AC1	EPS	SNR	PC1(%)
W-H	76/50	1802—2020	0.089	0.159	0.744	0.940	15.533	28.74
W-M	70/37	1699—2020	0.120	0.255	0.776	0.924	12.078	34.25
W-L	74/35	1820—2020	0.136	0.264	0.833	0.880	7.367	26.72
NW-H	74/50	1823—2020	0.120	0.200	0.674	0.946	17.679	34.43
NW-M	74/42	1836—2020	0.112	0.196	0.721	0.959	23.258	49.53
NW-L	71/38	1927—2020	0.111	0.288	0.811	0.913	10.504	39.96
N-H	74/45	1815—2020	0.119	0.186	0.685	0.964	26.782	46.90
N-M	70/43	1811—2020	0.106	0.160	0.639	0.942	16.323	37.98
N-L	73/36	1938—2020	0.089	0.120	0.602	0.931	13.443	35.70
NE-H	72/43	1785—2020	0.115	0.178	0.685	0.935	14.341	35.95
NE-M	74/33	1809—2020	0.112	0.189	0.716	0.890	8.064	33.91
NE-L	73/51	1720—2020	0.101	0.136	0.565	0.876	7.068	22.99

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青藏高原东缘岷江冷杉径向生长对升温响应分异的坡向和海拔差异

Divergence Phenomenon of Radial Growth of Minjiang Fir in Response to Warming at Different Slope Aspects and Elevations on the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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