秦岭太白山不同海拔锐齿栎林土壤微生物群落的变化特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20211203

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究秦岭太白山锐齿栎林4种不同海拔土壤微生物多样性及群落组成特征，以期阐明同一植被类型土壤微生物群不同海拔的变化规律及驱动因素。方法: 在秦岭太白山4个海拔梯度(1 361.6、1 524.2、1 630.5和1 769.3 m)，选取排水较好、坡度较缓、长势适中的3个锐齿栎林标准样地(20 m×20 m)，于2016年8月，用“S”型方法于每块样地进行0~10 cm土层的混合取样，利用高通量测序技术测定土壤微生物群落多样性及组成。结果: 1) 不同海拔梯度的锐齿栎林土壤细菌多样性(α多样性和β多样性)变化显著，但真菌多样性无显著变化。2) 在细菌群落组成中，随海拔升高，放线菌的相对丰度显著降低，而变形菌和疣微菌的相对丰度显著增加，绿弯菌、芽单胞菌和硝化螺旋菌的相对丰度呈先增后降的变化；其他细菌类群如酸杆菌和浮霉菌的相对丰度呈不显著降低。在真菌群落组成中，作为2个优势菌门的担子菌和子囊菌的相对丰度随海拔增加的变化不显著。3)细菌多样性与土壤有机碳(SOC)含量、全氮(TN)含量、C∶ P和N∶ P显著正相关，其群落组成对海拔梯度的响应差异主要取决于土壤密度、温度、SOC、C∶ P和TN；真菌群落多样性及组成受土壤养分差异的影响较小。在植被相同但海拔不同的条件下，受气候及土壤养分的差异影响，细菌群落特征较真菌群落的变化明显。结论: 秦岭太白山锐齿栎林土壤细菌和真菌多样性沿海拔梯度呈先增后减的变化趋势。海拔对细菌群落的影响大于真菌群落。研究结果揭示了秦岭暖温带森林生态系统土壤微生物群落结构和组成的变化特征及影响因素，从而为深入理解森林生态系统土壤有机碳分解的微生物机制提供科学依据。

关键词: 森林生态系统, 海拔梯度, 锐齿栎林, Illumina测序, 土壤微生物群落, 土壤养分

Abstract:

Objective: This paper aims to study the dynamic changes and driving factors of soil microbial diversity and community composition in Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forests at different altitudes in Qinling Mountains. Method: This experiment was conducted in Mount Taibai of Qinling Mountains with four elevations of 1 361.6, 1 524.2, 1 630.5 and 1 769.3 m, at which three standard plots (20 m ×20 m) were set in Q. aliena var. acuteserrata forests with good drainage, gentle slope and moderate growth. In August 2016, mixed sampling was carried out in 0-10 cm soil layers by the "S" type method, and then the diversity and composition of soil microbial community were determined by high-throughput sequencing technique. Result: 1) In Q. aliena var. acuteserrata forest, diversity (α diversity and β diversity) of soil bacteria had significant changes at different elevational gradients, but there was no significant change in diversity of soil fungi. 2) In the composition of bacterial community, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria decreased significantly with the increase of elevation, while that of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia increased significantly. The relative abundance of Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes and Nitrospirae showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing; and that of other bacterial taxa such as Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes showed a decreasing trend along the increase of elevation, but there was no significant difference between different elevations. In the composition of fungal community, the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, two dominant phyla, did not change significantly with the increase of elevation. 3) Bacterial diversity was significantly positively correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), C∶P and N∶P, and the response of bacterial community composition to elevational gradient was mainly determined by soil bulk density, soil temperature, SOC, C∶P and TN. Fungal diversity was only significantly negatively correlated with soil moisture, and its community composition was significantly correlated with pH, SOC, TN and N∶P. Conclusion: This study indicates that the changes in soil bacterial and fungal diversity along the altitudinal gradient are influenced by different soil environmental factors, and provides a comprehensive insight into the changing characteristics and influencing factors of soil microbial community structure and composition in the warm temperate forest ecosystems of the Qinling Mountains, thus providing a scientific basis for an in-depth understanding of the microbial mechanisms of soil organic carbon decomposition in forest ecosystems.

Key words: forest ecosystem, elevational gradients, Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest, Illumina sequencing, soil microbial community, soil nutrients

中图分类号:

Q931
S714.3

李益,冯秀秀,赵发珠,郭垚鑫,王俊,任成杰. 秦岭太白山不同海拔锐齿栎林土壤微生物群落的变化特征[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(12): 22-31.

Yi Li,Xiuxiu Feng,Fazhu Zhao,Yaoxin Guo,Jun Wang,Chengjie Ren. Structure Characteristics of Soil Microbial Community in Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata Forests at Different Altitudes in Qinling Mountains[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(12): 22-31.

图/表 7

表1

图1

图2

图3

图4

表2

图5

土壤微生物群落组成与土壤理化性质的RDA分析 A、B：门水平上; C、D；纲水平上; E、F；目水平上。A, B: At the Phylum level；C，D：At the Class level; E, F: At the Order level. Acidi: 酸微菌纲Acidimicrobiia; Acidim: 酸微菌目Acidimicrobiales; Acido: 嗜酸杆菌纲Acidobacteriia; Acidob: 酸杆菌目Acidobacteriales; Agar: 伞菌纲Agaricomycetes; Agari: 伞菌目Agaricales; Agyr: 银合欢目Agyriales; Alph: α-变形菌纲Alphaproteobacteria; Anae: 厌氧绳菌纲Anaerolineae; Arch: 古菌纲Archaeorhizomycetes; Archa: 古根草目Archaeorhizomycetales; Beta: β-变形菌纲Betaproteobacteria; Burk: 伯克氏菌目Burkholderiales; Cant: 鸡油菌目Cantharellales; Caul: 茎杆菌目Caulobacterales; Chlo: 氯酸杆菌Chloracidobacteria; Delt: δ-变形菌纲Deltaproteobacteria; Euro: 散囊菌纲Eurotiomycetes; Eurot: 散囊菌目Eurotiales; Gaie: 放线菌门下分支属(尚无中文译名)Gaiellales; Gamm: γ-变形菌纲Gammaproteobacteria; Gemma: 芽单胞菌目Gemmatimonadales; Hypo: 肉座菌目Hypocreales; Kted: 纤线杆菌纲Ktedonobacteria; Leot: 锤舌菌纲Leotiomycetes; Myxo: 粘球菌目Myxococcales; Nitro: 消化螺菌属Nitrospira; Nitros: 消化螺旋菌目Nitrospirales; Pedo: 土圈菌纲Pedosphaerae; Pedos: 土圈菌目Pedosphaerales; Pezi: 盘菌纲Pezizomycetes; Planc: 扁平菌丝体Planctomycetia; Rhiz: 根瘤菌目Rhizobiales; Rhod: 红螺菌目Rhodospirillales; Rhodo: 红杆菌目Rhodobacterales; Russ: 紅菇目Russulales; Seba: 蜡壳耳目Sebacinales; Soli: 独角目Solibacteres; Solib: 索利氏菌目Solibacterales; Solir: 梭菌目Solirubrobacterales; Sord: 粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes; Sorda: 粪壳目Sordariales; Spar: 斯巴达杆菌纲Spartobacteria; Synt: 互营杆菌目Syntrophobacterales; Thel: 革菌目Thelephorales; Ther: 嗜热性菌纲Thermoleophilia; Therm: 嗜热油菌目Thermoleophilales; Trem: 银耳纲Tremellomycetes; Xant: 黄色单胞菌目Xanthomonadales."

图5

参考文献 0

	贺婧, 闫冰, 李俊生, 等. 秦岭中段北坡不同海拔土壤中细菌群落的分布特征及区域差异比较. 环境科学研究, 2019, 32 (8): 1374- 1383.
	He Q , Yan B , Li J S , et al. Altitude distribution patterns and regional differences of soil bacterial community in northern slopes in the middle Qinling Mountains. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2019, 32 (8): 1374- 1383.
	雷梅, 陈同斌, 冯立孝, 等. 太白山北坡成土因素及不同土壤垂直带谱的比较. 地理研究, 2001, 20 (5): 583- 592. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0585.2001.05.008
	Lei M , Chen T B , Feng L X , et al. Soil formation factors and comparison among different altitudinal zonations of the soils on northern slope of the Taibai mountain. Geographical Research, 2001, 20 (5): 583- 592. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0585.2001.05.008
	李超男, 李家宝, 李香真. 贡嘎山海拔梯度上不同植被类型土壤甲烷氧化菌群落结构及多样性. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28 (3): 805- 814.
	Li C N , Li J B , Li X Z . Soil methanotrophic community structure and diversity in different vegetation types at elevation gradient of Gongga Mountain, Southwest China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28 (3): 805- 814.
	李桂香, 马克明. 土壤微生物多样性海拔格局研究进展. 生态学报, 2018, 38 (5): 1521- 1529.
	Li G X , Ma K M . Progress in the study of elevational patterns of soil microbial diversity. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38 (5): 1521- 1529.
	马新萍, 白红英, 郭帅, 等. 秦岭太白山气温垂直递减率研究. 干旱区资源与环境, 2017, 31 (7): 139- 144.
	Ma X P , Bai H Y , Guo S , et al. Verification of temperature vertical lapse rate and mountain climate characteristics of Taibai Mountains in Qinling Mountains. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2017, 31 (7): 139- 144.
	牛晓栋, 刘晓静, 刘世荣, 等. 亚热带-暖温带过渡区天然栎林的能量平衡特征. 生态学报, 2018, 38 (18): 6701- 6711.
	Niu X D , Liu X J , Liu S R , et al. Energy balance characteristics of a natural oak forest(Quercus aliena) at a transitional area from a subtropical to warmtemperate climate, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38 (18): 6701- 6711.
	秦进, 白红英, 刘荣娟, 等. 近144年来秦岭太白山林线区3—6月平均气温的重建. 生态学报, 2017, 37 (22): 7585- 7594.
	Qin J , Bai H Y , Liu R J , et al. Reconstruction of March-June mean air temperature along the timberline of Mount Taibai, Qinling mountains, northwest China, over the last 144 years. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37 (22): 7585- 7594.
	王淼, 曲来叶, 马克明, 等. 罕山土壤微生物群落组成对植被类型的响应. 生态学报, 2014, 34 (22): 6640- 6654.
	Wang M , Qu L Y , Ma K M , et al. Response of soil microbial community composition to vegetation types. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014, 34 (22): 6640- 6654.
	张善红, 白红英, 高翔, 等. 太白山植被指数时空变化及其对区域温度的响应. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26 (8): 1377- 1386.
	Zhang S H , Bai H Y , Gao X , et al. Spatial-temporal changes of vegetation index and its responses to regional temperature in Taibai Mountain. Journal of Natural Resources, 2011, 26 (8): 1377- 1386.
	赵路红, 李昌珍, 康迪, 等. 黄土丘陵区植被恢复对土壤可溶性氮组分的影响. 生态学报, 2017, 37 (10): 3533- 3542.
	Zhao L H , Li C Z , Kang D , et al. Effects of vegetation restoration on soil soluble nitrogen in the Loess Hilly Region. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37 (10): 3533- 3542.
	赵盼盼, 周嘉聪, 林开淼, 等. 海拔梯度变化对中亚热带黄山松土壤微生物生物量和群落结构的影响. 生态学报, 2019, 39 (6): 2215- 2225.
	Zhao P P , Zhou J C , Lin K M , et al. Effect of different altitudes on soil microbial biomass and community structure of Pinus taiwanensis forest in mid-subtropical zone. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39 (6): 2215- 2225.
	周世兴, 邹秤, 肖永翔, 等. 模拟氮沉降对华西雨屏区天然常绿阔叶林土壤微生物生物量碳和氮的影响. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28 (1): 12- 18.
	Zhou S X , Zou C , Xiao Y X , et al. Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in natural evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Rainy Area of West China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28 (1): 12- 18.
	Bach L H , Grytnes J A , Halvorsen R , et al. Tree influence on soil microbial community structure. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2010, 42 (11): 1934- 1943. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.07.002
	Bahram M , Polme S , Koljalg U , et al. Regional and local patterns of ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity and community structure along an altitudinal gradient in the Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran. New Phytologist, 2012, 193 (2): 465- 473. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03927.x
	Caporaso J G , Lauber C L , Walters W A , et al. Ultra-high-throughput microbial community analysis on the Illumina Hiseq and MiSeq platforms. Isme Journal, 2012, 6 (8): 1621- 1624. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2012.8
	Kielak A , Pijl A S , van Veen J A , et al. Phylogenetic diversity of Acidobacteria in a former agricultural soil. Isme Journal, 2009, 3 (3): 378- 382. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2008.113
	Kulhánková A , Béguiristain T , Moukoumi J , et al. Spatial and temporal diversity of wood decomposer communities in different forest stands, determined by its rdna targeted tgge. Annals of Forest Science, 2006, 63 (5): 547- 556. doi: 10.1051/forest:2006037
	Lucas Y , Luizao F J , Chauvel A . The relation between biological activity of the rain forest and mineral composition of soils. Science, 1993, 260 (5170): 521- 523.
	Meng H , Li K , Nie M , et al. Responses of bacterial and fungal communities to an elevation gradient in a subtropical montane forest of China. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2013, 97 (5): 2219- 2230. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4063-7
	Michelsen A , Graglia E , Schmidt I K , et al. Differential responses of grass and a dwarf shrub to long-term changes in soil microbial biomass C, N and P following factorial addition of N P K fertilizer, fungicide and labile carbon to a heath. New Phytologist, 1999, 143 (3): 523- 538. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00479.x
	Moreira Neto S L , Matheus D R , Gomes Machado K M . Influence of pH on the growth, laccase activity and rbbr decolorization by tropical Basidiomycetes. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2009, 52 (5): 1075- 1082. doi: 10.1590/S1516-89132009000500003
	Naether A , Foesel B U , Naegele V , et al. Environmental factors affect Acidobacterial communities below the subgroup level in grassland and forest soils. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2012, 78 (20): 7398- 7406. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01325-12
	Ren C , Zhang W , Zhong Z , et al. Differential responses of soil microbial biomass, diversity, and compositions to altitudinal gradients depend on plant and soil characteristics. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 610, 750- 758.
	Ruiz-Gonzalez C , Salazar G , Logares R , et al. Weak coherence in abundance patterns between bacterial classes and their constituent OTUs along a regulated river. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2015, 6, 1293.
	Shen C , Liang W , Shi Y , et al. Contrasting elevational diversity patterns between eukaryotic soil microbes and plants. Ecology, 2014, 95 (11): 3190- 3202. doi: 10.1890/14-0310.1
	Shen C , Ni Y , Liang W , et al. Distinct soil bacterial communities along a small-scale elevational gradient in alpine tundra. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2015, 6, 1293.
	Shen C , Xiong J , Zhang H , et al. Soil pH drives the spatial distribution of bacterial communities along elevation on Changbai Mountain. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2013, 57, 204- 211.
	Siles J A , Margesin R . Abundance and diversity of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities along an altitudinal gradient in Alpine forest soils: What are the driving factors?. Microbial Ecology, 2016, 72 (1): 207- 220. doi: 10.1007/s00248-016-0748-2
	Stroobants A , Degrune F , Olivier C , et al. Diversity of bacterial communities in a profile of a winter wheat field: known and unknown members. Microbial Ecology, 2014, 68 (4): 822- 833. doi: 10.1007/s00248-014-0458-6
	van der Heijden M G A , Bardgett R D , van Straalen N M . The unseen majority: soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Ecology Letters, 2008, 11 (3): 296- 310. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01139.x
	Walters W , Hyde E R , Berg-Lyons D , et al. Improved bacterial 16S rRNA gene(V4 and V4-5) and fungal internal transcribed spacer marker gene primers for microbial community surveys. Msystems, 2016, 1 (1): 1- 10.
	Wang J T , Zheng Y M , Hu H W , et al. Soil pH determines the alpha diversity but not beta diversity of soil fungal community along altitude in a typical Tibetan forest ecosystem. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2015, 15 (5): 1224- 1232. doi: 10.1007/s11368-015-1070-1
	Wang N F , Zhang T , Yang X , et al. Diversity and composition of bacterial community in soils and lake sediments from an Arctic lake area. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2016, 7, 2140.
	Xu Z , Yu G , Zhang X , et al. The variations in soil microbial communities, enzyme activities and their relationships with soil organic matter decomposition along the northern slope of Changbai Mountain. Applied Soil Ecology, 2015, 86, 19- 29. doi: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.09.015
	Zhang Y , Cong J , Lu H , et al. Community structure and elevational diversity patterns of soil Acidobacteria. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2014, 26 (8): 1717- 1724. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.06.012

指标 Index	海拔Elevation/m				F_{(3, 8)}	P
指标 Index	1 361.6	1 524.2	1 630.5	1 769.3	F_{(3, 8)}	P
pH	6.06±0.04A	6.03±0.02AB	6.06±0.01A	5.98±0.05B	4.08	0.05^*
BD/(g·cm^-3)	1.45±0.04A	1.32±0.03B	1.18±0.03C	1.02±0.02D	99.44	＜0.01^**
ST/℃	16.07±0.32A	16.02±0.38A	15.87±0.28A	15.01±0.48B	5.29	0.03^*
SM(%)	25.97±1.46A	27.59±2.67A	26.69±1.11A	27.49±1.27A	0.58	0.65
SOC/(g·kg^-1)	19.72±1.88C	31.32±3.19A	23.87±0.72B	25.80±1.95B	15.41	＜0.01^**
TN/(g·kg^-1)	1.09±0.33B	2.24±0.45A	1.51±0.38AB	1.66±0.29AB	5.01	0.03^*
TP/(g·kg^-1)	0.35±0.02A	0.40±0.02A	0.39±0.04A	0.39±0.03A	1.75	0.23
C∶N	18.92±3.99A	14.42±3.51A	16.54±4.41A	15.92±3.54A	0.70	0.58
C∶P	56.24±3.54B	78.80±10.66A	61.55±6.29B	65.55±4.47B	6.00	0.02^*
N∶P	3.08±0.78B	5.65±1.24A	3.83±0.64B	4.20±0.59AB	4.79	0.03^*
NH₄⁺/(mg·kg^-1)	68.63±5.64B	68.17±2.27B	80.60±3.12A	65.67±5.31B	7.15	0.01^**
NO₃^-/(mg·kg^-1)	4.54±0.80B	5.34±1.04B	8.14±2.13A	6.23±2.34AB	2.45	0.14
MBC/(mg·kg^-1)	452.86±10.14A	478.12±32.36A	464.99±40.04A	506.76±38.18A	1.53	0.28
MBN/(mg·kg^-1)	111.48±7.10A	135.80±9.14A	119.48±14.71A	115.01±31.05A	1.06	0.42

土壤性质 Soil property	细菌多样性 Bacterial diversity		真菌多样性 Fungal diversity
土壤性质 Soil property	香农指数 Shannon index	Bray-Curtis distance	香农指数 Shannon index	Bray-Curtis distance
SOC	0.699^*	0.778^**	0.084	0.53
TN	0.420	0.755^**	-0.077	0.43
TP	0.221	0.576^*	0.091	0.029
C∶N	0.000	-0.175	0.077	0.282
C∶P	0.797^**	0.648^*	0.091	0.617
N∶P	0.343	0.717^**	-0.175	0.474
NH₄⁺	0.091	0.049	-0.462	-0.11
NO₃^-	0.203	0.305	0.559	-0.086
pH	0.137	-0.318	-0.274	-0.171
BD	-0.189	-0.669^*	-0.224	-0.445
ST	0.007	-0.251	0.070	-0.151
SM	0.161	0.32	-0.594^*	0.376

[1]	张燕林,黄彩凤,包明琢,周垂帆,何宗明. 生物炭及其老化对杉木林土壤养分含量和微生物群落组成影响的室内模拟[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(6): 169-179.
[2]	谢云,郭芳芸,陈丽华,曹兵. 大气CO₂浓度升高对宁夏枸杞根区土壤微生物功能多样性及碳源利用特征的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(4): 163-172.
[3]	董雪, 李永华, 辛智鸣, 段瑞兵, 姚斌, 包岩峰, 张正国, 刘源. 河西走廊西段荒漠戈壁灌木群落物种多样性的海拔格局[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(2): 168-178.
[4]	庞荣荣,彭潔莹,闫琰. 太白山次生锐齿栎林地上生物量影响因素[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(10): 157-165.
[5]	胡海清,罗碧珍,罗斯生,魏书精,王振师,李小川,刘菲. 林火干扰对森林生态系统碳库的影响研究进展[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(4): 160-169.
[6]	申景昕,刘广路,范少辉,冯云,陈本学,吴昌明,刘希珍. 毛竹向撂荒地扩展过程中的土壤养分特征[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(10): 26-33.
[7]	曹小玉, 李际平, 委霞. 中亚热带典型林分空间结构对土壤养分含量的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(1): 20-28.
[8]	陈伟, 杨飞, 王卷乐, 程淑兰. 冰雪冻灾干扰下的亚热带森林生态系统恢复力综合定量评价——以湖南省道县为例[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(6): 1-8.
[9]	王育鹏, 洪欣, 刘坤, 李建辉, 周守标, 张丁来, 陈文豪. 安徽牯牛降北坡种子植物区系特征及其多样性的海拔梯度变化[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(4): 165-173.
[10]	简尊吉, 马凡强, 郭泉水, 裴顺祥, 秦爱丽, 肖文发, 赵志禄. 回归崖柏苗木存活和生长对海拔梯度的响应[J]. 林业科学, 2017, 53(11): 1-11.
[11]	庞丽, 周志春, 张一, 丰忠平. 持续N沉降对低P下2年生马尾松苗木菌根共生影响[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(8): 138-145.
[12]	杨宁, 邹冬生, 杨满元, 付美云, 林仲桂, 赵林峰. 衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地不同植被恢复阶段土壤微生物群落多样性的变化[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(8): 146-156.
[13]	王宁, 杨雪, 李世兰, 王楠楠, 韩冬雪, 冯富娟. 不同海拔红松混交林土壤微生物量碳、氮的生长季动态[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(1): 150-158.
[14]	张于光, 宿秀江, 丛静, 陈展, 卢慧, 刘敏超, 李迪强. 神农架土壤微生物群落的海拔梯度变化[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(9): 161-166.
[15]	张晓文, 邢世岩, 吴岐奎, 刘晓静. 氮添加对银杏幼林土壤有机碳化学组成及土壤微生物群落的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(6): 115-124.