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林业科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (6): 108-114.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20160613

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同品系美国黑核桃木材物理力学性质的差异

张俊佩1, 王滋2, 周贤武2, 赵荣军2, 徐慧鸽3, 贾志明3, 裴东1   

  1. 1. 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 林木遗传育种国家重点实验室 国家林业局林木培育重点实验室 北京 100091;
    2. 中国 林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 国家林业局木材科学与技术重点实验室 北京 100091;
    3. 河南省洛宁县林业局 洛阳 471700
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-17 修回日期:2016-01-28 出版日期:2016-06-25 发布日期:2016-07-04
  • 基金资助:
    "十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD14B01)。

Wood Physical and Mechanical Properties of American Black Walnut of Different Strains

Zhang Junpei1, Wang Zi2, Zhou Xianwu2, Zhao Rongjun2, Xu Huige3, Jia Zhiming3, Pei Dong1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration Research Institute of Forestry, CAF Beijing 100091;
    2. Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of State Forestry Administration Research Institute of Wood Industry, CAF Beijing 100091;
    3. Forestry Bureau of Luoning County, Henan Province Luoyang 471700
  • Received:2015-12-17 Revised:2016-01-28 Online:2016-06-25 Published:2016-07-04
  • Contact: 裴东

摘要: [目的] 研究对比不同品系核桃木材之间物理力学性质的差异,为木材的合理利用及优质木材的定向培育提供参考。[方法] 以采自河南省洛阳市洛宁县东关村的23年生美国黑核桃比尔、拉兹、皮纳、哈尔、莎切尔、北加州、奇异、大果、帕米尔20号和奥奇1号共10个品系的木材为研究对象,按照国家标准测量其气干密度、全干密度、气干干缩率、全干干缩率、顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量、硬度(径面硬度、端面硬度和弦面硬度)10个性状,运用Excel,SPSS Statistics,Origin 7.5等软件进行不同品系间的数据统计、方差分析及绘图比较。[结果] 10个品系美国黑核桃木材的气干密度、全干密度、气干差异干缩、全干差异干缩、顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量、硬度(径面硬度、端面硬度和弦面硬度)的测量值范围分别为0.613~0.754 g·cm-3,0.575~0.708 g·cm-3,1.4~1.8,1.5~2.4,30.8~37.1 MPa,86.5~123.7 MPa,9.63~16.13 GPa,4880~7120 N,5720~8030 N,4920~7270 N;相应最大值分别为哈尔(0.754 g·cm-3)、哈尔(0.708 g·cm-3)、北加州(1.8)、北加州(2.4)、奥奇1号(37.1 MPa)、奥奇1号(123.7 MPa)、奥奇1号(16.13 GPa)、哈尔(7120 N)、哈尔(8030 N)、莎切尔(7270 N),最小值分别为北加州(0.613 g·cm-3)、北加州(0.575 g·cm-3)、皮纳(1.4)、皮纳(1.5)、大果(30.8 MPa)、北加州(86.5 MPa)、大果(9.63 GPa)、比尔(4880 N)、拉兹(5720 N)、比尔(4920 N)。[结论] 美国黑核桃木材的物理力学性质中气干密度、全干密度、弦向全干干缩率和差异干缩4项指标在不同品系间存在显著差异,而径向干缩率以及体积干缩率在气干和全干条件下差异均不显著;不同品系间顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量和硬度(径面硬度、端面硬度、弦面硬度)均存在显著差异。引种黑核桃木材物理力学性质与原产地黑核桃木材相比整体差异不大,且高于同产地的核桃楸和核桃2种常用的家具用材,所以10个品系的美国黑核桃木材物理力学性质较好,可作为家具用材使用。10个品系美国黑核桃木材中奥奇1号和哈尔材性优于其他品系,而皮纳的尺寸稳定性最好。

关键词: 美国黑核桃, 木材, 物理力学性质, 不同品系

Abstract: [Objective] The physical and mechanical properties of American black walnut were compared among ten strains:Bi (J. nigra ‘Bill 81-143’), LZ (J. nigra ‘Wrights G-4’), PN (J. nigra ‘Peanut’), HR (J. nigra ‘Hare’), SQ (J. nigra ‘Thatcher’), BJ (J. hindsii), QY (J. hindsii×J. regia ‘Paradox’), DG (J. major), PM (J. nigra ‘Pammel Park#20’) and AQ (J. nigra ‘Osage County#1’).[Method] Using Excel, SPSS Statistics and Origin 7.5, a comparative analysis was carried out on the strategy of air-dry density,absolute-dry density,air-dry shrinkage, absolute-dry shrinkage, compression strength parallel to grain, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and hardness (radial surface, cross section and tangential surface). [Result] The results showed that the air-dry density, absolute-dry density, air-dry shrinkage ratio of tangential to radial, absolute-dry shrinkage ratio of tangential to radial, compression strength parallel to grain, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and hardness (radial surface, cross section and tangential surface) were ranged 0.613-0.754 g·cm-3, 0.575-0.708 g·cm-3, 1.4-1.8, 1.5-2.4, 30.8-37.1 MPa, 86.5-123.7 MPa, 9.63-16.13 GPa, 4880-7120 N, 5720-8030 N and 4920-7270 N, respectively. The maximum value of each straits were HR (0.754 g·cm-3), HR (0.708 g·cm-3), BJ (1.8), BJ (2.4), AQ (37.1 MPa), AQ (123.7 MPa), AQ (16.13 GPa), HR (7120 N), HR (8030 N) and SQ (7270 N). The minimum value of each straits were BJ (0.613 g·cm-3), BJ (0.575 g·cm-3), PN (1.4), PN (1.5), DG (30.8 MPa), BJ (86.5 MPa), DG (9.63 GPa), Bi (4880 N), LZ (5720 N) and Bi (4920 N).[Conclusion] The results showed that there were significant difference among strains in air-dry density, absolute-dry density, absolute-dry shrinkage in tangential and the shrinkage ratio of tangential to radial, compression strength parallel to grain, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and hardness. Wood physical and mechanical properties of American black walnut in Henan was better than those of Manchurian walnut and Walnut, and was similar with the American black walnut in American. All the ten strains of American black walnut could be used as furniture wood. Moreover, AQ and HR were the best in all strains.

Key words: American black walnut, wood, physical and mechanical properties, different strains

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