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林业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (4): 136-143.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20190414

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

微坑型微织构硬质合金表面对木材摩擦特性的影响

李伟光1, 张占宽2   

  1. 1. 中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所 北京 100091;
    2. 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-08 修回日期:2018-12-03 出版日期:2019-04-25 发布日期:2019-04-30
  • 基金资助:
    中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2018SZ015)。

The Effect of Micro-Pits Texture on the Coefficient of Friction between Wood and Cemented Carbide

Li Weiguang1, Zhang Zhankuan2   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, CAF Beijing 100091;
    2. Research Institute of Wood Industry, CAF Beijing 100091
  • Received:2018-10-08 Revised:2018-12-03 Online:2019-04-25 Published:2019-04-30

摘要: [目的]探讨木材含水率、木材切面和纤维方向以及运动速度等因素对木材表面摩擦系数的影响规律,为设计更加合理的木材切削刀具表面织构形式提供参考和指导。[方法]以水曲柳和樟子松为研究对象,在具有不同微坑直径硬质合金表面条件下,研究木材含水率、木材切面和纤维方向以及运动速度等因素对木材表面摩擦系数的影响。[结果]与无微坑表面相比,当微坑直径为60 μm、含水率为67%±3%时,在水曲柳表面产生的摩擦系数由0.151降低到0.091,降幅为39.7%,在樟子松表面产生的摩擦系数由0.241降低到0.164,降幅为32.0%。木材径切面上纤维方向差异对表面摩擦系数的影响不大,但在横切面上,微坑直径越小,其表现出的摩擦系数越高。摩擦过程中运动速度对表面摩擦系数的影响与木材中的水分有较大关系,当含水率处于生材状态时,表面摩擦系数随运动速度增大而降低,且微坑型结构表面产生的摩擦系数降幅明显高于无微坑表面,无微坑表面产生的摩擦系数由0.160降低到0.134,降幅为16.3%,微坑直径为60 μm时的摩擦系数由0.124降低到0.071,降幅为42.7%。[结论]木材含水率状态对微坑型表面微织构与木材之间的摩擦系数影响较大,木材中自由水的存在有利于降低硬质合金与木材表面之间的摩擦系数。微织构直径越小,其接触角平均变化率越大,表面铺展速度越大,越有利于改善木材/硬质合金摩擦副的状态,使表面间的摩擦系数减小。

关键词: 木材, 切削, 摩擦, 摩擦系数, 微织构

Abstract: [Objective] Reasonable micro-pit surface texture has been proved to improve the friction between birch and cemented carbide surfaces and to reduce the friction coefficient. The aims of this study are to discuss the influences of wood moisture content, the direction of wood section and fiber, and the speed of motion on the coefficient of friction, and provide reference and guidance for designing more reasonable texture forms.[Method] Ash and pine were selected as the research objects, the influences of wood moisture content, wood section and fiber direction and sliding speed on the friction coefficient of different micro-pits structures were assessed and compared.[Result] Compared with the non micro-pits texture surface, it was found that when the diameter of the pit is 60 μm and the moisture content is 67%±3%, the friction coefficient showed the largest decrease.The friction coefficient on the surface of the ash decreased from 0.151 to 0.091, and decreased extent reached 39.7%, and the friction coefficient decreased from 0.241 to 0.164, with a 32.0% drop on the surface of pine. The difference among the directions of wood fiber on the radial section has little effect on the friction coefficient. On the cross section, the smaller the pit diameter, the higher the friction coefficient was obtained. The influences of sliding speed on friction coefficient exhibited a great relationship with the wood moisture content during friction process. The coefficient of surface friction decreased with the increase of sliding speed, the friction coefficient curve with d=60 μm declined more obviously when the moisture content with green condition showed higher than that of surface with no micro-texture. The friction coefficient of the plane surface was reduced from 0.160 to 0.134, the decrease extent was 16.3%, and the friction coefficient of the surface with micro-texture (d=60 μm) reduced from 0.124 to 0.071, the decrease extent was 42.7%.[Conclusion] The wood moisture content has a great influence on the friction coefficient between micro-pit surface texture and wood, and the free water in wood can reduce the friction coefficient between cemented carbide and wood surface. The smaller the diameter of micro-pits, the greater the average change rate of contact angle, and the higher surface spreading speed were obtained,moreover,the friction was improved better.

Key words: wood, cutting, friction, the coefficient of friction, micro-texture

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