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林业科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 9-14.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140102

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

太白山红桦种群不同发育阶段的空间格局与关联性

郭垚鑫1,2, 胡有宁3, 李刚4, 王得祥3, 杨吉健3, 杨改河1,2   

  1. 1. 西北农林科技大学农学院 杨凌 712100;
    2. 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心 杨凌712100;
    3. 西北农林科技大学林学院 杨凌 712100;
    4. 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2012-11-05 修回日期:2013-11-22 出版日期:2014-01-25 发布日期:2014-01-25
  • 基金资助:

    科技部科技基础性工作专项(2007FY110800)。

Spatial Pattern and Spatial Association of Betula albosinensis at Different Developmental Stages at Taibai Mountain

Guo Yaoxin1,2, Hu Youning3, Li Gang4, Wang Dexiang3, Yang Jijian3, Yang Gaihe1,2   

  1. 1. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100;
    2. Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province Yangling 712100;
    3. College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100;
    4. College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100
  • Received:2012-11-05 Revised:2013-11-22 Online:2014-01-25 Published:2014-01-25
  • Contact: 杨改河

摘要:

以太白山1 hm2 红桦林样地资料为基础,运用点格局分析方法中的单变量O-ring 函数和双变量O-ring 函数对红桦种群不同发育阶段的空间格局及关联性进行分析。结果表明:太白山红桦林多为成熟林和过熟林,林下幼苗、幼树极少,而受到一定砍伐干扰的林下红桦更新较好;红桦不同发育阶段的分布格局各异,幼树的聚集性最强,中树表现出一定的聚集性,而大树主要表现为随机分布;红桦幼树与大树在0~15 m尺度空间内多呈负关联,幼树与中树及中树与大树空间分布上总体无显著关联性。以上结果表明:红桦种群强烈依赖于干扰进行斑块集群更新,其更新不仅受种间竞争的影响,同样受种内竞争的制约,最终导致成熟的红桦林更新极差,呈现衰退趋势。选择性择伐大树或者枯树可以促进红桦种群的局部稳定性。

关键词: 红桦, 发育阶段, 点格局分析, 分布格局, 关联性

Abstract:

In order to understand the recruitment mechanism and recovery process of Betula albosinensis forest, an investigation was conducted in B. albosinensis forest of Taibai Mountain, Qinling Mountains. Based on data collected from 1-hm2 plots, the spatial pattern and spatial correlation of B. albosinensis populations at different developmental stages were analyzed at multiple scales by the O-ring functions of single variable and double variables. The results showed that the natural recruitment of B. ablosinensis were scarce, however more saplings were recruited in stand with artificial disturbances. B. albosinensis saplings were significantly clustered together in a range from 0 to 10 m, but the clustered pattern intensities decreased with increasing age so that large trees presented a stochastic spatial distribution at most scales. As to the spatial correlations, there was a negative correlation between saplings and large trees at scale from 0 to 15 m, whereas no significant correlations were observed between saplings and medium trees as well as medium trees and large trees in most scales. Disturbances drove the regeneration dynamics of most closed-canopy forests by creating opportunities for the establishment of new individuals through canopy opening. The findings suggest that as an intolerant species, natural B. albosinensis population requires disturbed microsites and canopy openings for regeneration. The recruitment of B. ablosinensis offspring was restricted not only by interspecific competition but also by intraspecific competition due to their shade sensitivity. Thus, moderate severity of disturbance created by selective cut would be useful for B. albosinensis recruitment by releasing space and reducing forest litters cover. The spatial pattern of B. albosinensis population depends on their biological characteristics, intraspecific relationship and environmental heterogeneity. Naturally, the aggregation of different cohorts in space and time might be the strategy of B. ablosinensis population stability.

Key words: Betula albosinensis, developmental stages, point pattern analysis, distribution pattern, spatial association

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