雄安新区典型土地利用转变方式下土壤病原细菌特征及其对微塑料的响应

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230711

林业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 231-240.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230711

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

雄安新区典型土地利用转变方式下土壤病原细菌特征及其对微塑料的响应

王参^1,²(),Masoudi Abolfazl³,王敏⁴,张泽¹,曹靖锟¹,徐雨豪²,于志军^1,*(),刘敬泽^1,*()

1. 河北师范大学生命科学学院　河北省生态环境协同创新中心　河北省动物生理生化与分子生物学重点实验室　石家庄 050024
2. 北京师范大学环境学院　湿地环境保护与生态修复全国重点实验室　北京 100875
3. 美国伊利诺伊大学生物科学系　芝加哥 60607
4. 吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院　吉首 416000

收稿日期:2024-11-23 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-25
通讯作者: 于志军,刘敬泽 E-mail:wangcan@hebtu.edu.cn;yzj116@163.com;liujingze@hebtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（246Z2903G）；河北省自然科学基金青年项目（C2024205027）；河北省教育厅科学研究项目（QN2024266）；河北师范大学科技类基金项目（L2024ZD02，L2023B26）。

Characteristics of Soil Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Response to Microplastics under Typical Land-use Conversion Patterns in Xiong’an New Area

Can Wang^1,²(), Masoudi Abolfazl³,Min Wang⁴,Ze Zhang¹,Jingkun Cao¹,Yuhao Xu²,Zhijun Yu^1,*(),Jingze Liu^1,*()

1. College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University　Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment　Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology　Shijiazhuang 050024
2. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University　State Key Laboratory of Wetland Conservation and Restoration　Beijing 100875
3. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois　Chicago 60607
4. College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University　Jishou 416000

Received:2024-11-23 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-25
Contact: Zhijun Yu,Jingze Liu E-mail:wangcan@hebtu.edu.cn;yzj116@163.com;liujingze@hebtu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 明确雄安新区典型土地利用转变方式下土壤微塑料和病原细菌群落特征，揭示土壤微塑料对土壤病原细菌潜在风险的影响，为土壤微塑料和病原细菌的防控提供科学依据。方法: 以雄安新区6种典型土地利用转变方式土壤为研究对象，采用激光红外成像技术和三代高通量测序方法，分析土壤微塑料和病原细菌群落的特征，结合环境微生物定量风险评估方法，识别土壤病原细菌对人体健康的潜在风险，并阐明土地利用转变方式、土壤理化性质以及微塑料丰度、组成和形态对病原细菌风险指数的影响。结果: 建设用地土壤中微塑料平均丰度显著高于其他土地利用类型，聚氨酯（PU）和硅树脂（SR）是雄安新区典型土地利用方式下的主要微塑料类型；土壤微塑料丰度与病原细菌风险指数以及土壤NO₃^?-N显著正相关，与土壤含水量（SWC）呈显著负相关。土壤的碱性环境有利于SR、丙烯酸酯共聚物（ACR）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）等微塑料的富集。雄安新区6种典型土地利用方式中，土壤动物病原细菌类群丰度显著高于人畜共患类和植物类。建设用地土壤中病原细菌的特化种丰度在6种土地利用方式中最高，菌群异质化水平较高，菌群间合作程度较强，对人类健康的潜在风险较高。结论: 土地利用转变方式直接影响土壤病原细菌对人类健康的潜在风险，突显白洋淀生态环境治理在防控土壤病原细菌污染方面的重要作用。然而，建设过程中富集的微塑料颗粒（如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯和PET等）、农田土壤控释肥残膜和石油化工废水的残留（如PU和SR），进一步加剧了土壤病原细菌对人类健康的潜在风险。

关键词: 雄安新区, 土地利用转变, 土壤微塑料, 病原细菌, 风险指数

Abstract:

Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of soil microplastics and pathogenic bacteria communities under typical land-use conversion patterns in Xiong'an New Area, and reveal the potential risk of soil microplastics on soil pathogenic bacteria, which offers a scientific basis for prevention and management strategies about soil microplastics and pathogenic bacteria. Method: The soils of six typical land-use conversion patterns in Xiong'an New Area were taken as the research objects. The laser infrared imaging spectrometer and third-generation high-throughput sequence technology were used to analyze the characteristics of soil microplastics and pathogenic bacterial communities in typical land-use conversion modes in Xiong'an New Area. Combined with the quantitative risk assessment method of environmental microbiome, the potential soil pathogens risk of human health was identified; the land-use conversion, soil physicochemical properties, and the abundance, composition, and polymer types of microplastics on the soil pathogenic bacteria risk index were elucidated. Result: The average abundance of soil microplastics in urban infrastructure construction was higher than that of other land-use types, and polyurethane (PU) and silicone resin (SR) were the main microplastics types of typical land-use conversion patterns in Xiong'an New Area. Soil microplastics abundance showed a significant positive correlation with the pathogenic bacteria risk index and soil nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^?-N), and had a significant negative correlation with soil water content (SWC). The microplastics such as SR, Acrylate copolymer (ACR) and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were enriched in the alkaline soil environment. The abundance of animal pathogenic bacteria in soils undergoing six typical land-use conversions in Xiong'an New Area was significantly higher than that of both zoonotic and plant pathogenic bacteria, with zoonotic bacteria also more abundant than plant pathogenic bacteria. The abundance of specialist soil pathogenic bacteria in urban infrastructure construction land was the highest among the six land-use modes, characterized by substantial community heterogeneity, robust interspecies cooperation, suggesting a significant potential pollution risk to human health. Conclusion: Land-use conversion patterns directly affects the pollution risk of soil pathogenic bacteria, highlighting the role of ecological and environmental management of Baiyangdian in controlling pathogenic bacterial pollution. However, the enriched microplastics particles (such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, and PET) during the construction process, residual films of controlled-release fertilizers in agricultural soils, and petroleum chemical wastewater residues (such as PU and SR) further exacerbate the potential risk of soil pathogenic bacteria to human health.

Key words: Xiong'an New Area, land-use conversion, soil microplastics, pathogenic bacteria, risk index

中图分类号:

王参,Masoudi Abolfazl,王敏,张泽,曹靖锟,徐雨豪,于志军,刘敬泽. 雄安新区典型土地利用转变方式下土壤病原细菌特征及其对微塑料的响应[J]. 林业科学, 2025, 61(7): 231-240.

Can Wang, Masoudi Abolfazl,Min Wang,Ze Zhang,Jingkun Cao,Yuhao Xu,Zhijun Yu,Jingze Liu. Characteristics of Soil Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Response to Microplastics under Typical Land-use Conversion Patterns in Xiong’an New Area[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(7): 231-240.

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土地利用转变方式 Land-use conversion patterns	土地利用现状分类（一级类） Current land use classification （first category）	生境类型 Habitat types	样品名 Sample name	采样坐标点 Sampling sites
水稻田→草地 Rice paddy → Grassland	耕地→草地 Farmland → Grassland	水生→陆生 Aquatic habitat → Terrestrial habitat	AR_TG	38°53′17″N，115°45′34″E
水稻田→人工湿地（主要植物为芦苇） Rice paddy → Constructed wetland (the main plant is Phragmites australis)	耕地→水域用地 Farmland → Wetland	陆生→水生 Terrestrial habitat → Aquatic habitat	AR_ACW	38°54′07″N，115°48′12″E
玉米地 →人工湿地（主要植物为芦苇）Maize land → Constructed wetland (the main plant is Phragmites australis)	耕地→水域用地 Farmland → Wetland	陆生→水生 Terrestrial habitat → Aquatic habitat	THM_ACW	38°53′59″N，115°47′25″E
草地→建设用地 Grassland → Urban infrastructure construction	草地→商服用地/住宅用地/公共管理与公共服务用地 Grassland → Commercial and service land / residential land / public administration and public service land	无变化 No change	TG_THC	39°03′26″N，115°55′16″E
玉米地→林地（杜仲） Maize land → Plantation (Eucommia ulmoides)	耕地→林地 Farmland → Woodland	无变化 No change	THM_TF	38°53′39″N，115°45′02″E
小麦地→玉米地（轮作） Wheat land → Maize land (rotation)	耕地→耕地 Farmland →Farmland	无变化 No change	TW_THM	38°56′15″N，115°45′31″E

指数Index		AR_TG	AR_ACW	THM_ACW	TG_THC	THM_TF	TW_THM
Alpha多样性 Alpha diversity	动物Animal	2.419 ± 0.254a	2.481 ± 0.207a	2.460 ± 0.1626a	2.446 ± 0.651a	2.491 ± 0.11685a	2.526 ± 0.239a
	植物Plant	1.076 ± 0.491a	1.223 ± 0.096a	1.264 ± 0.092a	1.143 ± 0.351a	1.315 ± 0.210a	1.262 ± 0.360a
	人畜共患Zoonotic	1.458 ± 0.292a	1.467 ± 0.276a	1.563 ± 0.293a	1.604 ± 0.257a	1.577 ± 0.167a	1.566 ± 0.238a
群落构建过程 Community assembly	m （NCM）	0.742	0.857	1.011	0.497	1.134	1.173
群落构建过程 Community assembly	R² （NCM）	0.244	0.208	0.264	0.208	0.284	0.275
群落不相似性 Community dissimilarity	βMNTD	0.052 ± 0.009b	0.056 ± 0.009b	0.044 ± 0.005c	0.076 ± 0.032a	0.040 ± 0.004c	0.037 ± 0.004c
	Bray-Curtis	0.502 ± 0.103bc	0.514 ± 0.108b	0.455 ± 0.050c	0.630 ± 0.148a	0.334 ± 0.049e	0.387 ± 0.062d
	Jaccard	0.600 ± 0.060b	0.599 ± 0.041b	0.530 ± 0.022c	0.653 ± 0.118a	0.492 ± 0.036d	0.519 ± 0.031cd

土壤病原细菌风险评价指标 Indicators of soil pathogenic bacteria risk evaluation	AR_TG	AR_ACW	THM_ACW	TG_THC	THM_TF	TW_THM	综合加权值 Comprehensive weight
绝对丰度 Absolute abundance	4179	3656	4395	8021	5083	5359	0.093
节点数 Node number	134	141	172	73	206	210	0.114
边数 Edge number	797	801	1113	363	1466	1634	0.157
正相关关系占比 Proportion of positive correlation	53.7%	58.8%	53.19%	72.73%	55.59%	62.12%	/
负相关关系占比 Proportion of negative correlation	46.3%	41.2%	46.81%	27.27%	44.41%	37.88%	/
平均加权度 Average weighted degree	10.516	10.015	11.336	8.807	12.478	13.661	0.050
直径 Diameter	7	7	6	10	6	6	0.071
图密度 Graph density	0.089	0.081	0.076	0.138	0.069	0.074	0.091
模块化 Modularity	0.502	0.543	0.530	0.435	0.586	0.501	0.029
平均聚类系数 Average clustering coefficient	0.505	0.495	0.503	0.578	0.488	0.487	0.022
平均路径长度 Average path length	3.047	3.099	3.033	3.162	2.966	2.956	0.008
土壤暴露时间 Soil exposure time/(mg·d^-1)	130	80	100	150	200	220	0.129
人类土壤暴露百分比 Human soil exposure percentage (%)	45	25	30	50	56	68.7	0.120
土壤摄食率 Soil ingestion rate/(mg·d^-1)	90	50	70	100	120	130	0.110
风险指数 Risk index	0.388	0.274	0.286	0.751	0.401	0.433	/

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