林业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (6): 13-22.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220602
张雪,王冬梅*,温文杰,刘若莎
收稿日期:
2021-01-03
出版日期:
2022-06-25
发布日期:
2022-09-24
通讯作者:
王冬梅
基金资助:
Xue Zhang,Dongmei Wang*,Wenjie Wen,Ruosha Liu
Received:
2021-01-03
Online:
2022-06-25
Published:
2022-09-24
Contact:
Dongmei Wang
摘要:
目的: 研究青海高寒区4种人工林的细根生物量及其养分储量时空变化特征, 为该地区植被恢复和人工林经营提供理论依据。方法: 在青海高寒区选择白桦、青杨、华北落叶松和青海云杉4种典型人工纯林, 2019年5—10月采集0~60 cm土层细根样品, 测定细根生物量及其C、N、P含量, 通过方差分析探究季节、树种和土层对细根生物量及其养分储量的影响。结果: 白桦、青杨、华北落叶松和青海云杉4种人工林0~60 cm土层的细根生物量分别为7.63、6.89、6.11和19.31 t·hm-2, 青海云杉林细根生物量显著高于其他林分(P<0.05)。各林分细根生物量季节差异显著(P<0.05), 均表现为秋季>夏季>春季。细根生物量主要分布在表层土壤, 0~20 cm土层占比超过68%, 随土层加深呈指数型降低。阔叶林细根的养分含量高于针叶林, 阔叶林生长表现出较高的养分需求。各林分细根C含量表现为秋季>夏季>春季, N、P含量总体表现为夏季显著低于春季和秋季(P<0.05)。细根C、N和P含量总体上随土层加深而减小。青海云杉林细根C、N、P储量在各季节均显著高于其他树种; 秋季细根C、N和P储量显著高于春季和夏季(P<0.05)。结论: 青海高寒区4种人工林细根生物量和C、N、P含量及储量存在明显的季节变化和垂直分布特征, 秋季细根生物量最高, 细根主要分布在表层土壤并随土层加深呈指数型减少趋势; 细根的C、N、P储量时空变化规律与细根生物量一致, 在4种人工林中以青海云杉林最高。青海高寒区人工林经营应结合季节特征, 在生长季初期通过合理经营措施促进细根生长发育, 并注重保护表层细根资源以提高植被恢复力。
中图分类号:
张雪,王冬梅,温文杰,刘若莎. 青海高寒区4种人工林细根生物量及其养分储量变化特征[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(6): 13-22.
Xue Zhang,Dongmei Wang,Wenjie Wen,Ruosha Liu. Seasonal Patterns in Fine Root Biomass and Nutrient Storage of Four Plantations in the Alpine Region of Qinghai Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(6): 13-22.
表1
各人工林样地基本情况①"
指标 Index | 白桦 Betula platyphylla | 青杨 Populus cathayana | 华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupperchii | 青海云杉 Picea crassifolia |
海拔Altitude/m | 2 851 | 2 835 | 2 840 | 2 837 |
坡度Slope/(°) | 18 | 17 | 14 | 17 |
坡向Aspect | NE35 | NE42 | NW270 | NE46 |
郁闭度Canopy density | 0.8 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.88 |
林分密度Stand density/hm-2 | 2 300 | 2 000 | 2 400 | 3 000 |
平均胸径Mean DBH/cm | 14.31 | 7.79 | 14.69 | 12.23 |
平均树高Mean tree height/m | 6.18 | 13.51 | 8.7 | 8.68 |
土壤密度Soil density/(g·cm-3) | 1.19±0.02ab | 1.14±0.04bc | 1.21±0.01a | 1.09±0.03c |
土壤含水量Soil water content(%) | 25.76±0.34b | 25.15±0.61b | 24.49±0.80b | 28.67±0.82a |
土壤碳含量Soil C content/(g·kg-1) | 12.12±1.54b | 20.28±1.81a | 15.95±0.92b | 13.78±1.08b |
土壤氮含量Soil N content/(g·kg-1) | 0.69±0.09b | 1.23±0.15a | 0.79±0.05b | 0.65±0.03b |
土壤磷含量Soil P content/(g·kg-1) | 0.48±0.02b | 0.49±0.02ab | 0.53±0.02a | 0.46±0.08b |
表3
树种、土层及季节对细根C, N和P含量及其储量影响的方差分析①"
变异来源Source of variation | df | ROC | RTN | RTP | RCS | RNS | RPS |
树种Tree species | 3 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
土层Soil layer | 3 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
季节Season | 2 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
树种×土层Tree species×soil layer | 9 | <0.001 | 0.808 | 0.008 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
树种×季节Tree species×season | 6 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
土层×季节Soil layer×season | 6 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.017 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
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