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林业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 1-8.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20180601

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

冰雪冻灾干扰下的亚热带森林生态系统恢复力综合定量评价——以湖南省道县为例

陈伟1,2, 杨飞3, 王卷乐3, 程淑兰4   

  1. 1. 中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院 长沙 410083;
    2. 国家林业局华东林业调查规划设计院 杭州 310019;
    3. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室 北京 100101;
    4. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-26 修回日期:2018-04-26 出版日期:2018-06-25 发布日期:2018-07-02
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFA0604804);中国工程科技知识中心防灾减灾知识服务系统建设项目(CKCEST-2017-3-1);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目课题(QYZDY-SSW-DQC007);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0503603)。

Integrated Quantitative Evaluation of Resilience of Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Disturbed by Freezing Ice and Snow Frozen Disaster: Take Daoxian County for Example

Chen Wei1,2, Yang Fei3, Wang Juanle3, Cheng Shulan4   

  1. 1. School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University Changsha 410083;
    2. East China Forest Inventory and Planning Institute, SFA Hangzhou 310019;
    3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Beijing 100101;
    4. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049
  • Received:2017-12-26 Revised:2018-04-26 Online:2018-06-25 Published:2018-07-02

摘要: [目的]定量评价冰雪冻灾干扰下的亚热带林生态系统恢复力,以期为森林生态系统科学管理和抚育、促进生态恢复、增强森林生态系统恢复力提供理论基础和应用参考。[方法]基于森林生态系统的自组织能力、抵抗能力和适应能力,遴选气候、土壤、地形、生态存储和人类活动方面关键指标并结合遥感影像监测技术,建立森林生态系统恢复力综合评价指标体系;以湖南省道县为研究案例,对冰雪冻灾极端气候干扰下的南方丘陵山区森林生态系统恢复力进行综合定量评价。[结果]自组织能力、抵抗能力、适应能力单个核心属性评价结果与恢复力综合定量评价结果均差异显著;恢复力评价应综合考虑自组织能力、抵抗能力和适应能力3个核心属性功能;道县森林生态系统自组织能力归一化值为0.4~0.9,空间分布整体上呈北部、西部及东南部山区相对较高;绝大部分区域抵抗能力归一化值为0.5~0.6;适应能力归一化值主要为0.4~0.5,主要分布于道县北部、西部、东南部地区及中部部分区域;平均恢复力处于中等水平,为1.2~1.8,其中北部、西部部分地区及南部山区的森林生态系统恢复力水平相对较高。[结论]为客观、准确、便捷地评价森林生态系统恢复力,恢复力评价应该全面考虑森林生态系统受干扰前的结构、受干扰的破坏情况、受干扰后恢复的各过程,应综合考虑生态系统恢复力自组织能力、抵抗能力和适应能力3种核心属性功能。遥感动态监测与传统森林资源调查相结合是恢复力综合定量评价的有效手段。自然状态的森林生态系统具有相对较高的恢复力,减少人类活动干扰范围和程度、保持森林生态原始状态有助于显著提高森林生态系统恢复力。

关键词: 森林生态系统, 恢复力, 定量评价, 自组织能力, 抵抗能力, 适应能力

Abstract: [Objective] The quantitative assessment of resilience provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for rational management and tending of forest ecosystem, and for enhancing the resilience of forest ecosystem disturbed by extreme freezing ice and snow disaster.[Method] Based on three core attribute functions of self-organization, resistance and adaptability of forest ecosystem, key indicators of climate, soil, topography, ecological storage and human activities, together with dynamic monitoring technology of remote sensing, were chosen to establish the indicators system for integrated evaluation of resilience of forest ecosystem. Daoxian county in Hunan Province was taken as a case study of the integrated quantitative evaluation of the forest ecosystem resilience in hilly and mountainous areas in south China where the extreme climate disturbance of freezing snow and ice disaster experienced in 2008.[Result] The integrated evaluation of resilience showed distinct difference from the evaluation of individual attributes. All the three core attributes of resilience should be considered in the integrated quantitative evaluation. The normalized self-organization ability ranged from 0.4 to 0.9, with higher values in the northern, western and southwestern regions of Daoxian county. The normalized resistance in most regions ranged from 0.5 to 0.6, and followed by a range from 0.4 to 0.5. The normalized adaptability in most regions ranged from 0.4 to 0.5, and followed by a range from 0.5 to 0.6. Meanwhile, the resilience of forest ecosystem in Daoxian county showed moderate level, ranging from 1.2 to 1.8, and the northern, western and southern regions of Daoxian county was relatively high. Generally, the resilience of the natural forest ecosystem was much higher.[Conclusion] To evaluate the forest ecosystem resilience objectively, accurately and conveniently, forest ecosystem structure prior to the disturbance, damages during the disturbance and processes of recovery after the disturbance should be comprehensively considered, integrating the three core attribute functions of self-organization, resistance and adaptability should be comprehensively evaluated. The combination of remote sensing technology combined with traditional forest resource inventory provides an effective way for comprehensive quantitative evaluation of resilience. It was found that forest ecosystem in natural state has a relatively high resilience. Restricting the scope and extent of human activities and keeping the forest in a natural state would significantly improve the resilience of forest ecosystem.

Key words: forest ecosystem, resilience, quantitative evaluation, self-organization ability, resistance, adaptability

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