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林业科学 ›› 2015, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 26-35.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150404

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同经营措施对毛竹林土壤有机碳的影响

李翀1,2, 周国模1,2, 施拥军1,2, 周宇峰1,2, 张宇鹏1,2, 沈利芬1,2, 范叶青1,2, 沈振明3   

  1. 1. 浙江农林大学 浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室 临安 311300;
    2. 浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地 临安 311300;
    3. 浙江省临安市林业技术服务总站 临安 311300
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-26 修回日期:2014-12-28 出版日期:2015-04-25 发布日期:2015-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 施拥军
  • 基金资助:

    国家林业局948项目(2013-4-71); 国家自然科学基金项目(31370637); 浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2010R50030); 浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(2013R412045)。

Effects of Different Management Measures on Soil Carbon in Bamboo Forest Ecosystems

Li Chong1,2, Zhou Guomo1,2, Shi Yongjun1,2, Zhou Yufeng1,2, Zhang Yupeng1,2, Shen Lifen1,2, Fan Yeqing1,2, Shen Zhenming3   

  1. 1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang A & F University Lin'an 311300;
    2. The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University Lin'an 311300;
    3. Forestry Station of Lin'an City Lin'an 311300
  • Received:2013-12-26 Revised:2014-12-28 Online:2015-04-25 Published:2015-05-20

摘要:

【目的】毛竹在森林应对气候变化中发挥重要的作用,研究竹林不同经营措施的影响,进而了解植被生物量碳库及影响土壤碳库的状况。【方法】利用两因素随机区组设计,排除地形因子等影响,选取施肥和采伐留养方式2个因素,研究不同经营措施对毛竹林各土层2010—2013年土壤有机碳含量和贮量变化影响。【结果】 1) 不同经营措施0~10 cm层土壤有机碳含量变化最大,介于-0.52%(±0.62%)~0.75%±(0.44%)之间,其中A2B3(中等施肥弱度采伐)与A1B1(大量施肥强度采伐)土壤有机碳含量变化量差异极显著(P < 0.01); 2)中等施肥0~50 cm土壤有机碳贮量增量分别是大量施肥和不施肥的3.61倍和5.05倍,大量施肥和中等施肥0~10 cm层土壤有机碳贮量变化差异显著(P < 0.05); 3)弱度采伐0~50 cm土壤有机碳贮量增量分别是强度采伐和中度采伐的5.51倍和1.63倍,强度采伐和弱度采伐0~10 cm层土壤有机碳贮量变化差异显著(P < 0.05); 4)不同经营措施0~50 cm土壤有机碳贮量变化介于-15.56(±10.21)~53.15(±37.81)tC ·hm-2之间,其中A2B3(中等施肥弱度采伐)与A1B1(大量施肥强度采伐)土壤有机碳贮量变化差异极显著(P < 0.01); 5)结合效应图得出结论,A2B3(中等施肥弱度采伐)的经营方案对0~50 cm土壤有机碳含量和贮量的积累效果最佳,而A1B1(大量施肥强度采伐)的经营方案最不利于0~50 cm土壤有机碳含量和贮量的积累。【结论】 大量施肥强度采伐方式虽然可以保证竹材的大量输出,却会破坏原有的竹林生态结构,同时对土壤碳含量和贮量的影响尤为不利,从毛竹林生态系统碳汇积累角度考虑,并不是最可取的竹林经营方式。同时经营过程中,不同经营措施不仅会对土壤碳库产生影响,更会显著改变植被碳库状况,并伴随着碳排放和碳泄漏问题,这都将成为我们今后研究经营对竹林生态系统碳综合影响的各个因素和环节。

关键词: 毛竹, 经营措施, 采伐强度, 施肥量, 土壤有机碳含量, 土壤有机碳贮量

Abstract:

【Objective】 Moso bamboo is a very important forest resource in Zhejiang province and China. It has excellent carbon sequestration potential and can play an important role in coping with climate change. The international society have gradually recognized REDD + forest carbon sequestration mechanism and greatly expanded the development space of forest carbon sinks and also brought opportunities and challenges for China's bamboo management in recent years. In this study, vegetation biomass carbon pool was changed to affect soil carbon pool through bamboo forest management. The two-factor randomized block design was used to eliminate the influence of topographical factors and two management measures (fertilization and cutting) were applied to investigate the changes in soil organic carbon (SOM) concentration and carbon (C) storage in bamboo forest ecosystems during the period from 2010 to 2013. The results showed that under different treatments, the greatest changes in SOM concentration ranged between -0.52 (± 0.62)% and 0.75 (± 0.44)% in 0-10 cm soil layer. Significant differences (P<0.01) in SOM concentration changes were found in treatments of A2B3 (intermediate fertilization level with low-intensity cutting measure) and A1B1 (high fertilization level with high-intensity cutting measure). Total SOM storage of the intermediate fertilization level increased as much 3.61 times and 5.05 times greater than those of the high fertilization level and no fertilization treatments, respectively. There was significant (P<0.05) difference in SOM storage changes at 0-10 cm soil layer between high fertilization level and intermediate fertilization level. Total SOM storage of the low-intensity cutting treatment increased as much 5.51 times and 1.63 times greater than those of the high intensity cutting measure and medium intensity cutting measure, respectively. There was significant (P<0.05) difference in SOM storage changes in 0-10 cm soil layer between high intensity cutting and low-intensity cutting treatment. For different treatments, the changes of total SOM storage were between -15.56 (±10.21) tC ·hm-2 and 53.15 (± 37.81) tC ·hm-2. Among the treatments, the difference of SOM storage changes was significant (P<0.01) between A2B3 (intermediate fertilization level with low-intensity cutting measure) and A1B1 (high fertilization level with high intensity cutting measure). The effect figure indicated that the A2B3 treatment (intermediate fertilization level with low-intensity cutting measure) was the best effect in both SOM concentration and storage changes in 0-50 cm soil layer while A1B1 (high fertilization level with high intensity cutting measure) treatment showed a worst effect in that soil layer. Even though the high fertilization level with high intensity cutting measure had guaranteed a large amount output of bamboo timber, it interrupted the original bamboo forest ecological structure, and also had adverse impact on both SOM concentration and carbon storage. Thus, from the carbon sink accumulation of moso bamboo forest ecosystem, it was not a desirable management measure. We will set several horizontal gradients near the intermediate fertilization level to find out the most reasonable fertilizing amount based on test results. With the extension of time, the test result in fixed sample will be hoping to make a more accurate and thorough explanation of the SOM changes under different management measures. Meanwhile, different management measures will not only impact on soil carbon pool, but also change vegetation carbon pool significantly during bamboo forest management. and may accompany the carbon emissions and carbon leakage problem. All of those will become various factors and links in studying the comprehensive effect of different management measures on bamboo forest ecosystem carbon in the future.

Key words: bamboo, management measures, cutting intensity, fertilization amount, soil organic carbon concentration, soil organic carbon storage

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