欢迎访问林业科学,今天是

林业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (1): 31-37.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20190104

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于热消散技术的毛竹林蒸腾耗水估算

顾大形, 黄科朝, 何文, 周翠鸣, 徐广平, 曾丹娟, 何成新, 黄玉清   

  1. 广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 桂林 541006
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-30 修回日期:2018-01-30 出版日期:2019-01-25 发布日期:2019-01-06
  • 基金资助:
    广西自然科学基金项目(2014GXNSFBA118110;2015GXNSFBA139088;2017GXNSFBA198037);国家自然科学基金项目(31360202;41361057;41401211)。

Estimation of Transpiration Water Consumption of Moso Bamboo Forest Based on TDP Method

Gu Daxing, Huang Kechao, He Wen, Zhou Cuiming, Xu Guangping, Zeng Danjuan, He Chengxin, Huang Yuqing   

  1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences Guilin 541006
  • Received:2017-11-30 Revised:2018-01-30 Online:2019-01-25 Published:2019-01-06

摘要: [目的]试验不同长度热消散探针(TDP)测量毛竹液流的可行性,分析年龄对立竹液流的影响,并据此对立竹液流进行尺度扩展,估算桂北毛竹林的蒸腾耗水,为区域毛竹林的生态水文效应研究和指导关键生态功能区植被结构调整提供依据。[方法]显微镜观察毛竹输水结构在竹壁上的径向分布。基于热消散方法,用5 mm和10 mm长度的TDP探针对1~2年生立竹和3龄以上立竹的基部液流进行连续测量,并同步测定环境因子。[结果]维管束在毛竹竹壁上不均匀分布,竹壁外侧维管束小而密,导管分化不完全,竹壁内侧维管束大而疏,导管分化完全,直径较大。10 mm TDP探针测得的液流密度显著高于5 mm探针,其平均液流密度是5 mm探针的4.03倍。在生长旺季的7月,基于10 mm TDP探针测量的1~2年生立竹正午液流密度显著高于3龄以上立竹,而在早上和傍晚二者基本相同。1~2年生立竹液流的平均日通量在测量生长季内均高于3龄以上立竹,二者的平均日液流通量分别为51.15和33.80 g·cm-2 d-1。以立竹年龄和基径作为液流尺度扩展依据估测的桂北毛竹林日蒸腾耗水量在观测生长季内为0.01~0.72 mm·d-1,平均日蒸腾耗水量为0.31 mm·d-1。[结论]10 mm长度的TDP探针较5 mm探针更适宜用于毛竹液流的测量。1~2年生立竹比3龄以上立竹具有更高的液流密度和日液流通量,因此年龄是毛竹液流由立竹到林分尺度扩展时除立竹直径外另一个必须要考虑的因素。

关键词: 热消散, 毛竹, 年龄效应, 尺度扩展, 水分利用

Abstract: [Objective] This study aimed to test the suitability of TDP sensors with different lengths of probes to measure Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) sap flow and investigate the effect of age on the culm sap flow of Moso bamboo. Based on the measurements of individual culms, the transpiration water consumption of P. edulis forests in northern Guangxi, China was estimated by scaling up the sap flow of individual culms, which provided a basis for ecological and hydrological research of P. edulis forests.[Method] Microscope was employed to examine the hydraulic structure of Moso bamboo culm. The 5 mm-and 10 mm-length TDP probes were installed at the bottom of both 1-2 years old and above 3 years old ramet culms to monitor sap flow pattern at different time scales. Climate factors and soil water content were also measured synchronously.[Result] Vascular bundle were unevenly distributed in culm wall. The outer vascular bundles of the culm wall were small and dense, and the differentiation of the vessels was incomplete, while the inner vascular bundles of the culm wall were large and sparse, and the differentiation of the vessels was complete and the diameter was large. For the same culms, mean sap flow measured by 10 mm-length TDP probe was 3.03 times higher than that measured by 5 mm-length TDP probe, and the difference between them reached significant level. Based on the measurement of 10 mm-length TDP probe, the sap density of 1-2 years old culms was significantly higher than that of above 3 years old culms during midday time in July, while the sap density between them were nearly same during early morning and late afternoon. The daily sap flux in 1-2 years old culms was higher than that in above 3 years old culms during the measured growing season and the mean daily sap flux was 51.15 g·cm-2 d-1 and 33.80 g·cm-2 d-1 for 1-2 years old and above 3 years old culms, respectively. Considering culm age and diameter, the water use of Moso bamboo forest located in northern Guangxi was estimated based on culm sap flow. The up-scaled water use ranged from 0.01-0.72 mm·d-1 with the average of 0.31 mm·d-1.[Conclusion] The 10 mm-length TDP probe was more suitable for sensing sap flow of Moso bamboo than the 5 mm-length TDP probe. The 1-2 years old culm had higher maximal sap flow density and larger daily sap flux than those of above 3 years old culm. Thus culm age was another key factor that must be considered besides culm diameter in estimating stand-scale water use based on culm-scale sap flow measurement.

Key words: TDP, Plyllostachys edulis, age effect, up-scaling, water use

中图分类号: