不同旱害分级华北落叶松水分与非结构性碳对干旱胁迫的响应特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250758

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探究华北落叶松干旱–复水过程中水分和非结构性碳水化合物的响应特征及其与植株干旱伤害程度的关系，筛选可稳定预测华北落叶松抗旱性的生理指标，为华北落叶松抗旱株系快速评价筛选提供理论基础。方法: 采用脱盆裸根自然失水法对3年生华北落叶松混系实生苗进行干旱胁迫，根据复水后叶片脱落及再生情况将植株干旱伤害程度分为轻度、中度、重度和死亡4个等级。测定光合、水势、相对含水量和非结构性碳水化合物含量，利用相关性和主成分分析判定不同指标对干旱伤害分级的贡献，以轻度受害植株为对象分析复水后水分生理指标的弹性并筛选其有效预测指标。结果: 1）干旱胁迫后，轻度、中度、重度和死亡植株枝条水势分别为–2.43、–3.09、–3.29、–3.55 MPa；轻度伤害植株的枝、叶相对含水量分别为62.75%和73.37%，均显著高于其他各分组。2）旱后不同伤害分级间根和茎的非结构性碳水化合物（NSC）含量均未呈现显著差异，NSC含量与旱害程度无显著相关性。3）主成分分析表明，水分指标对抗旱分级的贡献要大于非结构性碳水化合物，其中水势的荷载量最高。复水后水分生理指标弹性随旱后水势升高而增强。结论: 短期重度干旱胁迫下，华北落叶松致死水势阈值为–3.55 MPa，旱后枝条水势可作为干旱伤害等级和水分生理功能弹性的有效预测指标。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 复水, 水势, 非结构性碳水化合物, 光合

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to investigate the response patterns of water status and non-structural carbohydrates of Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii during the drought–rehydration process, clarify their relationships with drought damage severity, and identify physiological traits that can stably predict drought resistance, so as to provide a basis for the rapid evaluation and screening of drought-resistant lines of L. gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii. Method: Three-year-old mixed-family seedlings of L. gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii were subjected to drought stress using a pot-removal bare-root natural dehydration method. Based on needle shedding and regeneration after rehydration, drought damage severity was classified into four levels: mild, moderate, severe, and dead. Photosynthetic parameters, water potential, relative water content, and non-structural carbohydrate contents were measured. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted to determine the contributions of different traits to drought injury classification. Mildly injured seedlings were used to analyze the resilience of water-related physiological traits after rehydration and to identify effective predictive traits. Result: 1) After drought treatment, stem water potentials of mildly, moderately, severely injured, and dead seedlings were –2.43, –3.09, –3.29, and –3.55 MPa, respectively. Mildly injured seedlings showed significantly higher branch and needle relative water contents (62.75% and 73.37%, respectively) than those of the other groups. 2) After drought, there were no significant differences in non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) contents in roots and stems among different damage severity classes, and there was no significant correlation between NSC content and drought damage severity. 3) Principal component analysis indicated that water-related traits contributed more to drought damage classification than non-structural carbohydrates, with water potential showing the highest loading. After rehydration, the resilience of water-related physiological traits increased with higher post-drought water potential. Conclusion: Under short-term severe drought stress, the lethal water potential threshold of L. gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii is –3.55 MPa, and post-drought branch water potential can be used as an effective predictor of drought injury level and the resilience of water-related physiological functions.

Key words: drought stress, rehydration, water potential, non-structural carbohydrates, photosynthesis

中图分类号:

S718.43

李奥,渠雨潇,邹竣竹,杨莹莹,王越,巨关升,刘俊祥. 不同旱害分级华北落叶松水分与非结构性碳对干旱胁迫的响应特征[J]. 林业科学, 2026, 62(6): 109-117.

Ao Li,Yuxiao Qu,Junzhu Zou,Yingying Yang,Yue Wang,Guansheng Ju,Junxiang Liu. Water Status and Non-structural Carbohydrates of Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii at Different Drought Damage Levels in Responses to Drought Stress[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2026, 62(6): 109-117.

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