菌根真菌调控灌木铁线莲根际土壤生态化学计量特征对氮沉降的应激响应

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220615

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 对比1年生灌木铁线莲菌根苗与非菌根苗根际土壤生态化学计量特征对氮沉降的响应规律, 分析菌根生物技术对苗木根际土壤微生态环境的调控机制, 为探究全球气候变化背景下生态系统稳定性提供理论参考。方法: 以1年生盆栽灌木铁线莲菌根苗(3种丛枝菌根真菌接种处理: 根内根孢囊霉、摩西斗管囊霉单一接种和2种AMF菌剂等质量1∶1混合接种)和非菌根苗(未接菌处理)为研究对象, 设置4个氮沉降处理, 即不施氮(0N, 0 g·m^-2a^-1)、低氮(LN, 3 g·m^-2a^-1)、中氮(MN, 6 g·m^-2a^-1)和高氮(HN, 9 g·m^-2a^-1), 分析1年生灌木铁线莲根际土壤有效养分生态化学计量比、微生物生物量化学计量比、酶化学计量比和微生物养分限制(向量长度表示微生物碳相对限制程度; 向量角表示微生物氮或磷相对限制程度)等指标, 探究接菌和氮沉降处理对根际土壤微生物代谢的调控机制。结果: 各氮沉降处理中, 3种接菌处理苗木根际土壤可溶性有机碳与有效氮的比值和可溶性有机碳与有效磷的比值均高于未接菌处理。3种接菌处理中, HN处理根际土壤有效氮与有效磷的比值最大, 显著(P < 0.05)高于LN处理; 而未接菌处理根际土壤有效氮与有效磷的比值则在MN处理最大, 显著(P < 0.05)高于LN处理。0N处理下, 未接菌处理微生物生物量氮与微生物生物量磷的比值显著(P < 0.05)高于其他3种接菌处理, 而MN和HN处理下, 未接菌处理微生物生物量氮与微生物生物量磷的比值显著(P < 0.05)低于其他3种接菌处理。LN处理下, 接种摩西斗管囊霉处理微生物生物量碳与微生物生物量氮的比值分别较未接菌处理、接种根内根孢囊霉处理和混合接菌处理显著(P < 0.05)增加208.5%、109.2%和209.4%。0N处理下, 3种接菌处理中与碳和氮转化相关酶的化学计量比、与碳和磷转化相关酶的化学计量比、向量长度和向量角均显著(P < 0.05)高于未接菌处理; 而HN处理下, 不同接菌处理的向量长度间无显著差异。接菌处理对微生物碳限制和磷限制的总效应系数大于氮沉降处理, 且接菌处理导致微生物碳限制和磷限制增加。结论: 接种菌根真菌可有效调控根际土壤生态化学计量特征对低氮沉降的响应, 其中摩西斗管囊霉的调控能力最强; 接菌处理对根际土壤微生物碳限制和磷限制的调控作用大于氮沉降处理。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 氮沉降, 有效养分化学计量比, 微生物生物量化学计量比, 酶化学计量比, 微生物养分限制

Abstract:

Objective: The responses of rhizosphere soil stoichiometry of 1-year-old mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Clematis fruticosa seedlings in relation to nitrogen (N) deposition were investigated. The regulatory mechanisms of mycorrhizal biotechnology on micro-ecological environment in rhizosphere soil were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the stability of ecosystem under the background of global climate change. Method: The 1-year-old mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal C. fruticosa seedlings were selected for pot experiments. The inoculation treatments included single inoculation (inoculated with Rhizophagus intraradices or Funneliformis mosseae), mixed inoculation (inoculated with the mixed fungi inoculum of R. intraradices and F. mosseae with the mass ratio of 1∶1), and no inoculation as the control. Four N deposition treatments were established: 0N (0N, 0 g·m^-2a^-1); low N (LN, 3 g·m^-2a^-1); medium N (MN, 6 g·m^-2a^-1); and high N (HN, 9 g·m^-2a^-1). The soil available nutrients stoichiometry, microbial biomass stoichiometry, ecoenzymatic stoichiometry, and microbial nutrient limitation (i.e., vector length represents the microbial C relative limitation, vector angle represents the microbial N or P relative limitation) were measured, in order to explore the regulatory mechanisms of microbial metabolism in rhizosphere soil in response to AMF inoculation and N deposition treatments. Result: 1) Comparing with the control, all of the AMF inoculation treatments increased the ratio of dissolved organic C and available N, and the ratio of dissolved organic C and available P in the rhizosphere soil under all N deposition treatments. The ratio of available N and available P in HN treatment was the highest and significantly higher than that in LN treatment in all of the AMF inoculation treatments. The ratio of available N and available P in MN treatment was the highest and significantly higher than that in LN treatment in the control. 2) Under 0N treatment, the ratio of microbial biomass N and microbial biomass P in the control was significantly higher than that in all of the AMF inoculation treatments. Under MN and HN treatments, the ratio of microbial biomass N and microbial biomass P in the control was notably lower than that in all of the AMF inoculation treatments. Under LN treatment, the ratio of microbial biomass C and microbial biomass N in the F. mosseae inoculation treatment was significantly increased by 208.5%, 109.2% and 209.4% than that in the non-inoculated, R. intraradices inoculation and mixed inoculation treatments, respectively. 3) Under 0N treatment, the stoichiometry of enzymes related to C and N acquisition, the stoichiometry of enzymes related to C and P acquisition, vector angle and vector length in all of the AMF inoculation treatments were significantly higher than those in the control. Under HN treatment, there was no significant differences of vector length among all of the four inoculation treatments. 4) The total effects of microbial C and P limitations of inoculation treatments was higher than that of N deposition treatments. The inoculation treatments significantly increased the microbial C and P limitations. Conclusion: AMF inoculation effectively regulates the responses of stoichiometry in rhizosphere soil to low N deposition, and the ability of the regulation of F. mosseae was the best. The regulatory effect of AMF inoculation was greater than nitrogen deposition on the microbial C and P limitations in rhizosphere soil.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, nitrogen deposition, available nutrients stoichiometry, microbial biomass stoichiometry, ecoenzymatic stoichiometry, microbial nutrient limitation

中图分类号:

S718.8

郝龙飞,刘婷岩,何永琴,张盛晰,赵媛. 菌根真菌调控灌木铁线莲根际土壤生态化学计量特征对氮沉降的应激响应[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(6): 151-160.

Longfei Hao,Tingyan Liu,Yongqin He,Shengxi Zhang,Yuan Zhao. Responses of Rhizosphere Soil Stoichiometry of Clematis fruticosa Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Nitrogen Deposition[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(6): 151-160.

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施氮序号 Sequence number of nitrogen addition	不施氮 No nitrogen treatment(0N)	低氮处理 Low nitrogen treatment(LN)	中氮处理 Medium nitrogen treatment(MN)	高氮处理 High nitrogen treatment(HN)
1	0	2.2	4.2	6.3
2	0	2.2	4.2	6.3
3	0	3.5	7.2	10.7
4	0	3.5	7.2	10.7
5	0	7.5	15.2	22.7
6	0	7.5	15.2	22.7
7	0	8.3	16.7	25.0
8	0	8.3	16.7	25.0
9	0	3.5	6.8	10.3
10	0	3.5	6.8	10.3

处理Treatments		DOC∶AN	DOC∶AP	AN∶AP
-M	0N	1.01±0.03 fg	3.14±0.11 g	3.12±0.11 h
	LN	0.80±0.06 gh	2.92±0.19 g	3.64±0.09 fg
	MN	0.50±0.03 i	3.01±0.10 g	6.07±0.22 a
	HN	0.48±0.01 i	2.26±0.07 h	4.72±0.03 cd
+R	0N	1.36±0.10 bcd	5.69±0.20 bc	4.21±0.16 de
	LN	1.12±0.04 ef	4.19±0.23 f	3.72±0.12 ef
	MN	1.34±0.08 bcd	4.82±0.24 de	3.58±0.04 fg
	HN	1.01±0.05 fg	4.57±0.19 ef	4.52±0.04 d
+F	0N	1.66±0.10 a	4.68±0.08 ef	2.83±0.13 h
	LN	1.50±0.12 ab	4.91±0.11 de	3.31±0.24 fgh
	MN	1.65±0.14 a	4.90±0.20 de	3.00±0.13 h
	HN	1.17±0.00 def	6.06±0.30 ab	5.20±0.28 bc
+RF	0N	1.40±0.02 bc	4.68±0.08 ef	3.34±0.08 fgh
	LN	1.26±0.03 cde	6.41±0.12 a	5.11±0.23 bc
	MN	0.96±0.01 fgh	5.34±0.26 cd	5.53±0.23 b
	HN	0.79±0.03 h	4.92±0.06 de	6.24±0.26 a
接菌处理Inoculation treatment		^***	^***	^***
氮沉降处理Nitrogen deposition		^***	NS	^***
接菌处理×氮沉降处理 Inoculation×nitrogen desposition treatment		^***	^***	^***

处理Treatments		C∶N_Mic	C∶P_Mic	N∶P_Mic
-M	0N	2.82±0.55 d	9.04±1.72 h	3.22±0.04 b
	LN	10.57±0.22 cd	15.71±0.20 fg	1.49±0.05 d
	MN	17.48±0.32 c	18.17±1.65 ef	1.04±0.09 de
	HN	8.56±0.24 cd	11.92±1.69 dh	1.39±0.15 d
+R	0N	18.58±1.52 c	15.38±1.20 fg	0.83±0.01 ef
	LN	15.59±0.67 c	21.52±0.71 de	1.38±0.01 d
	MN	17.35±1.65 c	41.72±1.99 a	2.43±0.13 c
	HN	11.58±0.43 cd	27.08±1.60 bc	2.34±0.16 c
+F	0N	64.70±11.58 a	13.72±0.73 fgh	0.22±0.03 g
	LN	32.61±0.51 b	12.08±1.66 gh	0.37±0.06 fg
	MN	9.11±0.36 cd	22.56±0.23 bcde	2.48±0.08 c
	HN	5.16±0.04 d	12.73±1.55 gh	2.47±0.32 c
+RF	0N	8.74±0.41 cd	18.64±1.48 ef	2.14±0.17 c
	LN	10.54±0.69 cd	22.35±2.33 cde	2.12±0.18 c
	MN	9.40±0.86 cd	24.47±2.55 bcd	2.60±0.13 c
	HN	2.96±0.22 d	27.78±2.81 b	9.36±0.42 a
接菌处理Inoculation treatment		^***	^***	^***
氮沉降处理Nitrogen deposition		^***	^***	^***
接菌处理×氮沉降处理 Inoculation×nitrogen desposition treatment		^***	^***	^***

处理 Treatments		C∶N_EEA	C∶P_EEA	N∶P_EEA	Vector L	Vector A
-M	0N	0.13±0.03 f	0.15±0.03 d	1.16±0.01 a	0.19±0.04 f	40.70±0.33 j
	LN	0.19±0.03 f	0.21±0.03 cd	1.13±0.04 a	0.29±0.04e f	41.47±0.99 ij
	MN	0.38±0.06 ef	0.40±0.06 ab	1.06±0.03 b	0.56±0.08 de	43.39±0.75 hi
	HN	0.51±0.09 de	0.44±0.06 ab	0.86±0.03 d	0.67±0.11 cd	49.27±0.97 f
+R	0N	0.52±0.06 de	0.50±0.03 ab	0.96±0.05 c	0.72±0.06 cd	46.15±1.36 g
	LN	0.37±0.08 ef	0.38±0.07 ab	1.04±0.02 b	0.54±0.11 de	43.87±0.61 h
	MN	0.47±0.07 de	0.40±0.04 ab	0.84±0.03 d	0.62±0.08 cd	49.81±1.02 f
	HN	0.61±0.06 cde	0.33±0.04 bc	0.53±0.02 fg	0.70±0.07 cd	62.25±0.88 bc
+F	0N	0.68±0.07 bcd	0.36±0.04 bc	0.53±0.01 fg	0.77±0.08 bcd	62.00±0.44 bc
	LN	0.69±0.03 bcd	0.48±0.01 ab	0.69±0.02 e	0.84±0.04 bcd	55.41±0.74 e
	MN	0.60±0.16 cde	0.37±0.09 ab	0.63±0.01 e	0.71±0.18 cd	57.89±0.52 d
	HN	0.50±0.06 de	0.33±0.04 bc	0.67±0.00 e	0.60±0.07 d	56.11±0.04 de
+RF	0N	1.09±0.08 a	0.53±0.04 a	0.49±0.00 fg	1.21±0.09 a	63.95±0.25 ab
	LN	1.08±0.14 a	0.50±0.06 ab	0.47±0.01 g	1.19±0.16 a	64.89±0.46 a
	MN	0.92±0.11 ab	0.50±0.04 ab	0.55±0.02 f	1.05±0.11 ab	61.13±0.83 c
	HN	0.79±0.09 bc	0.49±0.05 ab	0.63±0.00 e	0.93±0.10 abc	57.88±0.11 d
接菌处理 Inoculation treatment		^***	^***	^***	^***	^***
氮沉降处理 Nitrogen deposition		NS	NS	^***	NS	^***
接菌处理×氮沉降处理 Inoculation×nitrogen desposition treatment		^**	^**	^***	^*	^***

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