林业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (11): 118-126.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20221111
张友静1,李月阳1,赵涵1,程玉弯1,王薇1,姜在民2,蔡靖1,3,*
收稿日期:
2021-04-28
出版日期:
2022-11-25
发布日期:
2023-03-08
通讯作者:
蔡靖
Youjing Zhang1,Yueyang Li1,Han Zhao1,Yuwan Cheng1,Wei Wang1,Zaimin Jiang2,Jing Cai1,3,*
Received:
2021-04-28
Online:
2022-11-25
Published:
2023-03-08
Contact:
Jing Cai
摘要:
目的: 探究6个白杨无性系水力效率对气体交换和生长性能的影响,阐明水力效率与气体交换和生长的内在关系,为林木抗旱新品种选育提供理论指导。方法: 对6个白杨杂交无性系的2年生苗木,测定气体交换参数(净光合速率Anet、气孔导度gs、参比气孔导度gs-ref、水分利用效率WUE)、叶片水分状况(中午叶水势Ψmd)、水力效率(整个树冠水力效率KCL、主枝水力效率KMSL和根系水力效率KRL)、气孔特征(气孔密度SD、气孔长度SL、气孔面积指数SPI)和生长指标(地径绝对生长速率AGRD和相对生长速率RGRD)。结果: 1)6个白杨无性系的水力效率差异显著,且根、主枝及树冠的水力效率变化具有一致性,即高或低水力效率的无性系其KRL、KMSL及KCL均较高或较低。2)Ψmd与gs的变化密切相关,在Ψmd下降至-1.1 MPa后gs急剧下降,导致Anet相应下降,而AGRD与Anet呈显著正相关。3)SL与KCL、KMSL、gs-ref、AGRD及RGRD显著正相关,SD与KMSL、Anet及AGRD显著负相关。4)KCL、KMSL与gs-ref显著相关,且KCL与gs-ref的相关性更强,表明较高的水力效率利于气孔开放。5)KCL和KMSL呈显著正相关,两者均与AGRD及RGRD显著正相关,其中KCL与RGRD相关性更强。结论: 本研究在白杨无性系水平发现,树木各部分的水力效率相协调,根系、主枝、树冠等水平的水力效率均能反映树木运输水分的能力;水分运输效率与叶片气体交换过程密切相关,并且叶片气孔结构特征与木质部水分运输能力相匹配,高效的水分运输改善了叶片水分状况,促进了气孔开放,提高碳同化能力,从而促进生长。
中图分类号:
张友静,李月阳,赵涵,程玉弯,王薇,姜在民,蔡靖. 6个白杨无性系水力效率与气体交换及生长的关系[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(11): 118-126.
Youjing Zhang,Yueyang Li,Han Zhao,Yuwan Cheng,Wei Wang,Zaimin Jiang,Jing Cai. Relationship between Hydraulic Efficiency and Gas Exchange and Growth of Six Poplar Clones[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(11): 118-126.
表1
主要参数"
定义 Denifition | 符号 Symbol | 单位 Units employed |
根系水力效率Root hydraulic efficiency | KRL | 10-4 kg·MPa-1s-1m-2 |
主枝水力效率Main shoot hydraulic efficiency | KMSL | 10-4 kg·MPa-1s-1m-2 |
树冠水力效率Crown hydraulic efficiency | KCL | 10-4 kg·MPa-1s-1m-2 |
净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate | Anet | μmol·m-2s-1 |
气孔导度Stomatal conductance | gs | mmol·m-2s-1 |
水分利用效率Water use efficiency | WUE | μmol·mmol-1 |
中午叶水势Midday leaf water potential | Ψmd | MPa |
气孔密度Stomatal density | SD | mm-2 |
气孔长度Stomatal length | SL | μm |
气孔面积指数Stomatal pore area index | SPI | — |
地径绝对生长速率Absolute growth rate of ground diameter | AGRD | mm·d-1 |
地径相对生长速率Relative growth rate of ground diameter | RGRD | 10-3 mm·mm-1d-1 |
表2
6个白杨无性系水力效率、气体交换、气孔特征和生长速率值(均值±标准误)①"
无性系Clone | |||||||
P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | ||
水力效率 Hydraulic efficiency | KRL | 1.93±0.08Bab | 1.51±0.12Bb | 0.83±0.08Bc | 1.96±0.32Bab | 0.87±0.12Bc | 2.14±0.24Ba |
KMSL | 3.61±0.07Aa | 2.67±0.09Abc | 2.55±0.15Abc | 3.00±0.21Aab | 2.12±0.37Ac | 2.93±0.25Aab | |
KCL | 2.21±0.19Ba | 1.59±0.08Bbc | 1.95±0.15Bab | 1.75±0.16Bb | 1.30±0.02Bc | 1.78±0.13Bab | |
气体交换与叶水势 Gas exchange and leaf potential | Anet | 26.30±0.5a | 25.90±0.6a | 23.40±0.4b | 26.30±0.2a | 21.80±1.1b | 23.50±0.5b |
gs-ref | 0.59±0.01a | 0.50±0.02c | 0.54±0.01b | 0.55±0.02b | 0.46±0.02c | 0.54±0.01b | |
WUE | 56.50±1.5bc | 56.90±1.8bc | 59.30±1.1b | 49.70±1.5c | 71.20±4.7a | 63.20±1.4ab | |
Ψmd | -1.13±0.12a | -1.08±0.13a | -1.32±0.10a | -1.26±0.12a | -1.13±0.13a | -1.16±0.11a | |
气孔特征 Stomotal characteristic | SD | 446.0±20c | 471.0±28bc | 540.0±32ab | 497.0±14abc | 555.0±31a | 511.0±16ab |
SL | 20.7±0.2a | 19.9±0.4b | 20.0±0.3b | 19.9±0.2b | 19.2±0.3c | 20.2±0.2ab | |
SPI | 19.8±1.0ab | 17.2±1.1b | 22.5±1.6ab | 19.5±0.6ab | 24.1±1.3a | 21.7±0.7ab | |
生长速率 Growth rate | AGRD | 0.23±0.02a | 0.22±0.01ab | 0.21±0.01b | 0.21±0.01b | 0.17±0.01c | 0.20±0.01b |
RGRD | 5.60±0.3a | 5.00±0.2b | 5.20±0.2ab | 5.00±0.2b | 4.80±0.2b | 5.10±0.2ab |
表3
气孔特征与水力效率、气体交换及生长速率的相关性①"
气孔特征 Stomotal characteristic | 水力效率Hydraulic efficiency | 气体交换Gas exchange | 生长速率Growth rate | |||||||
KCL | KMSL | KRL | Anet | gs-ref | WUE | AGRD | RGRD | |||
SD | -0.58 | -0.846* | -0.68 | -0.891* | -0.61 | 0.63 | -0.899* | -0.65 | ||
SL | 0.956** | 0.933** | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.94** | -0.55 | 0.82* | 0.921** | ||
SPI | 0.09 | -0.27 | -0.35 | -0.74 | 0.02 | 0.50 | -0.56 | -0.01 |
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