木材快速生长期内早材与晚材密度分布的数学描述初探

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20131019

林业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (10): 118-126.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20131019

木材快速生长期内早材与晚材密度分布的数学描述初探

郝晓峰¹, 俞昌铭², 蒋佳荔^1,3, 吕建雄¹, 徐康⁴

1. 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所国家林业局木材科学与技术重点实验室北京 100091;
2. 北京科技大学机械工程学院北京 100083;
3. 中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所北京 100091;
4. 中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院长沙 410004

收稿日期:2012-11-22 修回日期:2013-03-01 出版日期:2013-10-25 发布日期:2013-11-05
通讯作者: 吕建雄
基金资助:
中国林业科学研究院林业新技术所基本科研业务费专项基金(CAFINT2010C01);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(30825034)。

A Preliminary Study on Modeling of Earlywood and Latewood Density Distribution during the Fast Growth Period

Hao Xiaofeng¹, Yu Changming², Jiang Jiali^1,3, Lü Jianxiong¹, Xu Kang⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of State Forestry Administration Research Institute of Wood Industry, CAF Beijing 100091;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083;
3. Research Institute of New Technology, CAF Beijing 100091;
4. College of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004

Received:2012-11-22 Revised:2013-03-01 Online:2013-10-25 Published:2013-11-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对树木生长及早晚材密度的分布规律进行理论研究。首先,利用正弦波函数与分段线性函数分别模拟环境温度与降雨量随年份的周期性变化规律。其次,在分析环境温度与降雨量对树木生长速率影响的基础上,建立以生长时间为自变量、以树干半径为因变量的树木生长速率模型; 在分析树木生长速率对木材早晚材的形成及其密度分布影响的基础上,构建早晚材密度分布模型。最后,以人工林杉木为例,一方面,利用有限差分法分别求解树木生长速率模型与早晚材密度分布模型; 另一方面,采用软X射线密度分析仪测定木材径向的密度分布值,将密度的试验测量值与模型计算值进行比较,对早晚材密度分布模型进行验证。结果表明: 1) 可采用正弦波函数量化树木生长环境中温度的周期性变化,函数拟合的决定系数为0.907; 树木生长环境中的降雨量周期性变化可用分段线性函数定量描述; 2) 树木生长速率模型可以定量分析温度与降雨量对树木生长的影响; 3) 早晚材密度分布模型可准确描述木材快速生长期内的早晚材密度沿径向的分布规律,为木材宏观密度与微观密度的内在联系给出定量的表述。

关键词: 温度, 降雨量, 树木生长速率模型, 早晚材密度分布模型

Abstract:

The theoretical study on the wood formation and density distribution of earlywood and latewood were investigated in this paper. Firstly, the sine function and piecewise function were used to represent temperature and rainfall, respectively. Secondly, considering the temperature and rainfall influence on the growth rate, the tree growth rate model which tree radius was taken as dependent variable and time as independent variable was established. Furthermore, based on the growth rate effect on the density, the density distribution model was developed to describe the relationships between density and the growth rate. Finally, Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation wood was taken as an example to test the reliability and validity of the density distribution model. The density distributions along wood radius direction were measured by Soft-X ray analysis system, and the measured results were compared to the theoretical values which calculated by Finite Difference Scheme. The results showed: 1) The periodical change of temperature were obtained by the sine function which was fitted with the temperature data from the forest farm and the coefficient of determination was 0.907.The periodical change of rainfall could be described quantitatively by the piecewise function. 2) The tree growth rate model could be used for quantitative analysis the temperature and rainfall influence on tree growth. 3) The density distribution of earlywood and latewood in radial direction was accurately described by the density model, which provided a quantitative description of the relationship between the macroscopic density of wood and its microscopic density.

Key words: temperature, rainfall, tree growth rate model, early wood and latewood density distribution model

中图分类号:

S781

郝晓峰, 俞昌铭, 蒋佳荔, 吕建雄, 徐康. 木材快速生长期内早材与晚材密度分布的数学描述初探[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(10): 118-126.

Hao Xiaofeng, Yu Changming, Jiang Jiali, Lü Jianxiong, Xu Kang. A Preliminary Study on Modeling of Earlywood and Latewood Density Distribution during the Fast Growth Period[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(10): 118-126.

参考文献

胡晓龙.2003.长白落叶松林分断面积生长模型的研究.林业科学研究, 16(4): 449-452.

胡云云,亢新刚,赵俊卉.2009.长白山地区天然林林木年龄与胸径的变动关系.东北林业大学学报, 37(11): 38-42.

刘刚,陆元昌,李晓慧,等.2009.六盘山地区气候因子对树木年轮生长的影响.东北林业大学学报,37(4): 1-4.

李坚.2002.木材科学.2版.北京: 高等教育出版社, 184-185.

吕建雄,林志远,赵有科,等.2005.杉木和I-72杨人工林木材干缩性质的研究.林业科学,41(5): 127-131.

吕建雄,王金林,黄安民.2009.中国杨树木材加工利用研究进展.第二届中国林业学术大会-S11,木材及生物质资源高效增值利用与木材安全论文集,广西南宁, 233-241.

徐金梅,吕建雄,鲍甫成,等. 2011.祁连山青海云杉木材密度对气候变化的响应.北京林业大学学报,33(5): 115-121.

尹思慈.1996.木材学.北京: 中国林业出版社, 19.

俞昌铭.2011.多孔材料传热传质及其数值分析.北京: 清华大学出版社, 13.

张建国,段爱国.2004.理论生长方程与直径结构模型的研究.北京: 科学出版社, 2-7.

Anta M B,Dorado F C,Aranda U D,et al. 2006.Development of a basal area growth system for maritime pine in northwestern Spain using the generalized algebraic difference approach.Canadian Journal of Forest Research,36(6): 1461-1474.

Blair R B,Zobel B,Hitchings R C,et al.1976.Pulp yield and physical properties of young loblolly pine with high density juvenile wood.Applied Polymer Symposium,28: 435-444.

Ferrand J C.1982.Considerations on wood density,Part 2.Calculation of density and its heterogeneity.Holzforschung,36(3): 153-158.

Fritts,H C.1976.Tree rings and climate.Academic Press,New York,567.

Kim E S.1995.The growth of Korean fir trees(Abies koreana Wilson)affected by the changes of soil moisture content on Mt.Halla,Cheju island,Korea.International Workshop on Asian and Pacific Dendrochronology,Tsukuba Japan,58-63.

Lü J X,Urakami H,Hirkawa Y,et al.2003.Pilot Study to Examine the Radial Variation in Annual Ring Width,Density and Shrinkage.Chinese Forestry Science and Technology, 2(4): 21-26.

Pang S.1998.Relative importance of vapor diffusion and convective flow in modeling of softwood drying.Drying Technology, 16(1/2): 271-281.

Pernestål K,Jonsson B,Larsson B.1995.A simple model for density of annual rings.Wood Science and Technology, 29(6): 441-449.

Perre P,Moser M,Martin M.1993.Advances in transport phenomena during convective drying with superheated steam or moist air.International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,38(11): 2725-2746.

Rennols K,Geary D N,Rollinson T J D.1985.Characterizing diameter distributions by the use of the Weibull distribution.Forestry,58(1): 57-66.

Schweingruber F H.1988.Tree ring: Basics and applications of dendrochronology.Kluwer Academic Publishers,London,20-83.

Sprague J R,Talbert J T,Jett J B,et al.1983.Notes: Utility of the pilodyn in selection for mature wood specific gravity in loblolly pine.Forest Science, 29(4): 696-701.

Yasue K,Funada R,Fukazawa K.1995.Effect of climate factors on the maximum density of Picea glehnii.International Workshop on Asian and Pacific Dendrochronology,Tsukuba Japan,58-63.

Yu C M,Dai C P,Wang J H.2007.Heat and mass transfer in wood composite panels during hot pressing: Part 3.Predicted variations and interactions of the pressing variables.Holzforschung,61(1): 74-82.

Zobel B J,Buijtenen J P.1989.Wood variation: its causes and control.Springer-Verlag,New York,40-63.

[1]	单燕飞, 王为宇, 项伟霞, 宋丽丽, 周敏樱, 陈嘉伟, 索金伟, 喻卫武, 吴家胜, 胡渊渊. 堆沤温度对后熟过程中榧籽主要营养物质变化的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(7): 46-56.
[2]	巫志龙, 周成军, 周新年, 刘富万, 朱奇雄, 黄金湧, 陈文. 不同强度采伐5年后杉阔混交人工林土壤呼吸速率差异[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(6): 142-149.
[3]	张茜茜, 杨庆朋, 刘亮, 王清涛, 李菲, 郭丽丽, 郝立华, 曹旭, 范晓懂, 梁伟佳, 郑云普. 环剥对毛白杨树干表面CO₂通量及其温度敏感性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(5): 1-10.
[4]	刘宝, 王民煌, 余再鹏, 林思祖, 林开敏. 中亚热带天然林改造成人工林后土壤呼吸的变化特征[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(4): 1-12.
[5]	种培芳, 詹瑾, 贾向阳, 李毅. 模拟CO₂浓度升高及降雨变化对荒漠灌木红砂光合及生长的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(9): 27-37.
[6]	刘鹏, 贾昕, 杨强, 查天山, 王奔, 马景永. 毛乌素沙地油蒿灌丛生态系统的土壤呼吸特征[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(5): 10-17.
[7]	冯海英, 冯仲科. 基于MODIS LST产品的山东省森林调节温度生态服务价值评估新方法[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(2): 10-17.
[8]	王雪皓, 陈忠加, 俞国胜, 袁湘月, 庞明宏. 套筒加热方式对锯屑致密成型的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(2): 145-152.
[9]	杜光月, 周世玉, 刘大伟, 刘晓平, 周玉成. 基于限幅模糊PID算法的蓄热性能检测仪密闭绝热双腔体温度控制研究[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(11): 37-44.
[10]	褚鑫, 周世玉, 刘大伟, 杜光月, 曹正彬, 刘晓平, 周玉成. 基于ANFIS的木质采暖地板温度场预测分析[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(11): 53-58.
[11]	周世玉, 杜光月, 褚鑫, 刘晓平, 周玉成. 地采暖木地板释热温度场的BP神经网络预测[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(11): 158-163.
[12]	刘大伟, 杜光月, 褚鑫, 曹正彬, 刘晓平, 周玉成. 木质地板蓄热性能温度场实时并行采集方法[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(11): 180-186.
[13]	刘存根, 周世玉, 葛浙东, 杜光月, 周玉成. 地采暖地板蓄热性能模型构建与验证[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(10): 125-131.
[14]	涂洁, 樊后保, 王勇刚, 李志鹏. 各径级马尾松树干CO₂释放速率及其温度敏感性[J]. 林业科学, 2017, 53(10): 154-159.
[15]	李熙萌, 李征珍, 刘海鸥, 石莎, 冯金朝. 北美地区温带针阔叶混交林5个常绿树种叶片呼吸特性[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(4): 1-10.

木材快速生长期内早材与晚材密度分布的数学描述初探

A Preliminary Study on Modeling of Earlywood and Latewood Density Distribution during the Fast Growth Period

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

作者中心

期刊获奖

引证指标

联系方式