氮肥喷施时间对‘凤丹’牡丹小枝生物量分配及养分利用的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240060

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of nitrogen fertiliser spraying time on the nutrient utilization characteristics of Paeonia ostii 'Fengdan' (oil peony) through foliar application of nitrogen, so as to provide a reference for solving the problems of low nitrogen fertiliser utilization efficiency and high production labour cost in oil peony cultivation in China. Method: The 10-year-old P. ostii 'Fengdan' with uniform growth was used as the research object. The intelligent micro-sprinkler irrigation was applied for the leaf surface spraying every 15 days from the bud stage to the seed harvest stage. The total nitrogen application rate during the growth period was 450 kg·hm^?2, with a concentration of 5 g·L^–1 urea solution selected as the sole nitrogen source. Four nitrogen spraying times were set, 3:00–4:00 (T1), 7:00–8:00 (T2), 14:00–15:00 (T3) and 19:00–20:00 (T4), respectively. The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer spraying time during a day on dry matter accumulation, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorption and utilization of P. ostii 'Fengdan' were investigated during its growth process. Result: 1) Under different nitrogen spraying time treatments, the total biomass of twigs increased gradually with the progression of growth stage, and the biomass accumulation of vegetative organs and reproductive organs was highest in the T3 treatment (P>0.05). 2) As the growth period progresses, the plant dry matter allocation proportion in vegetative organs gradually reduced, while that in reproductive organs gradually increased, reaching the highest at 120 days. Among them, the allocation in reproductive organs was highest in T3 (P>0.05), and the dry matter of reproductive organs in 2022 and 2023 accounted for 15.95%–25.81% and 15.36%–18.92% of the total dry matter at 30 days after anthesis, respectively, and reached 34.78%–45.78% at 120 days. 3) The contents of N, P and K in leaves gradually decreased with the progression of the growth period; the contents of N and P in stems first increased and then decreased, while the K content continued to decrease. N, P and K content in leaves and reproductive organs increased gradually, the accumulation of N in stems changed steadily, the accumulation of P first increased and then decreased, and the accumulation of K increased gradually. There were some differences in the nutrient accumulation in different organs between different treatments and different periods. Conclusion: With the same nitrogen concentration, the nitrogen spraying time can affect the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of P. ostii ‘Fengdan’ at different development stages. Foliar spraying of nitrogen fertilizer using micro-sprinkler irrigation from 14:00 to 15:00 is more conducive to plant twigs biomass accumulation. Plant twigs biomass accumulation, plant N, P and K accumulation, nitrogen harvest index, and nitrogen use efficiency are all the highest at that time.

Key words: Paeonia ostii 'Fengdan', nitrogen, spraying time of foliar, allocation of biomass, nutrient utilization

CLC Number:

S718.43

Xingqiao Liu,Xiaolei Ma,Huili Ma,Nannan Zhang,Shuo Wei,Chengwei Song,Di Yang,Xiaogai Hou. Effects of Nitrogen Spraying Time on the Biomass Allocation and Nutrient Utilization of Paeonia ostii ‘Fengdan’ Twigs[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(12): 47-57.

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处理 Treatment	氮积累量 N accumulation /（g.plant^?1）			磷积累量 P accumulation /（g.plant^?1）			钾积累量 K accumulation /（g.plant^?1）
处理 Treatment	叶Leaves	茎Stems	果实Fruit	叶Leaves	茎Stems	果实Fruit	叶Leaves	茎Stems	果实Fruit
2022
T1	4.34±0.36ab	1.39±0.06ab	4.78±0.15c	0.67±0.05b	0.31±0.01b	0.98±0.03c	1.70±0.14a	1.00±0.05b	2.59±0.06c
T2	5.00±0.46a	1.51±0.15a	6.16±0.58b	0.86±0.09a	0.38±0.03b	1.32±0.12b	1.41±0.12ab	1.2±0.12ab	3.44±0.38b
T3	4.96±0.16a	1.09±0.01b	7.51±0.42a	0.81±0.02ab	0.48±0.01a	1.90±0.09a	1.70±0.10a	1.34±0.03a	4.98±0.22a
T4	3.78±0.08b	1.27±0.11ab	4.62±0.18c	0.62±0.01b	0.31±0.03b	1.31±0.05b	1.20±0.06b	1.05±0.09b	3.38±0.14b
2023
T1	2.92±0.13c	0.91±0.01b	3.76±0.15ab	0.53±0.04b	0.31±0.03c	1.03±0.06b	1.17±0.02bc	1.0±0.12bc	2.52±0.09b
T2	3.30±0.02b	0.87±0.09b	3.80±0.16ab	0.71±0.03b	0.4b	1.18±0.03b	1.26±0.04b	1.13±0.05b	2.33±0.09b
T3	3.84±0.05a	1.11±0.04a	4.40±0.36a	0.86±0.02a	0.49±0.04a	1.61±0.10a	1.71±0.02a	1.57±0.03a	3.30±0.29a
T4	3.04±0.16bc	0.74±0.05b	3.25±0.17b	0.76±0.03ab	0.24±0.01b	1.10±0.04b	1.05±0.06c	0.83±0.03c	1.97±0.08b

年份Year	处理 Treatment	NARL （%）	NARS （%）	NARF（%）	NHI/ (kg·kg^?1)	NBU (%)
2022	T1	41.17±2.35a	13.23±0.37a	45.60±2.52b	51.88±1.56b	54.10±0.17b
	T2	39.45±3.28a	11.91±1.02a	48.65±4.30ab	62.55±2.16a	49.48±0.99c
	T3	36.61±1.23a	8.03±0.27b	55.36±1.34a	66.94±2.42a	55.14±0.33b
	T4	39.16±1.26a	13.08±0.79a	47.76±0.47ab	47.79±1.42b	59.00±0.43a
2023	T1	49.82±2.03a	11.56±1.15a	49.89±1.46a	37.30±0.98bc	73.15±0.38a
	T2	47.37±0.86a	11.40±0.19a	47.43±0.79ab	39.59±0.91b	72.14±1.02a
	T3	46.89±2.05a	11.86±0.60a	47.00±0.90ab	46.16±1.95a	73.81±0.74a
	T4	46.22±1.81a	10.54±0.47a	46.24±0.67b	34.70±1.00c	72.18±0.71a

	B				NA				NBU	BHI	NHI
	30 d	60 d	90 d	120 d	30 d	60 d	90 d	120 d	NBU	BHI	NHI
B30 d
B60 d	0.580^*
B90 d	0.620^*	0.674^*
B120 d	0.476	0.761^**	0.869^**
N30 d	0.961^**	0.620^*	0.618^*	0.456
N60 d	0.593^*	0.964^**	0.552	0.642^*	0.666^*
N90 d	0.580^*	0.696^*	0.991^**	0.889^**	0.562	0.557
N120 d	0.148	0.601^*	0.691^*	0.898^**	0.141	0.448	0.743^**
NBU	0.597^*	0.112	0.109	?0.096	0.591^*	0.240	0.022	?0.523
BHI	0.476	0.761^**	0.869^**	1.000^**	0.456	0.642^*	0.889^**	0.898^**	?0.096
NHI	0.148	0.601^*	0.691^*	0.898^**	0.141	0.448	0.743^**	1.000^**	?0.523	0.898^**

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Effects of Nitrogen Spraying Time on the Biomass Allocation and Nutrient Utilization of Paeonia ostii ‘Fengdan’ Twigs

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