Abstract:

Saccharides are the basic nutrients and important components for living organisms, while sugar based platform compounds are essential chemicals derived from sugars through biological or chemical transformation and can be further transformed into high-value bio-based chemicals or materials. Bamboo, which has a large biomass resource and short growth cycle, is a potential source for development of a series of biomass-based sugar platform compounds. The process of preparing monosaccharides from bamboo by enzymatic hydrolysis is green and sustainable, where the most critical step is pretreatment, which requires reasonable cost, easy and environmentally friendly spent liquid treatment process and effective utilization of lignin. This paper reviews the influence of pretreatment methods on enzymatic hydrolysis for the preparation of monosaccharides from bamboo in the last decade, and summarizes the advantages and shortcomings of pretreatment methods including physical, chemical, physicochemical, eutectic solvent, organic solvent and other methods, compares the perspectives of each reaction mechanism, substrate yield, cellulose content in substrate, enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and sugar degradation to generate fermentation inhibitors. To reach the goal of green and efficient conversion utilization, the pretreatment process, enzymes, bamboo species and age, lignin utilization should be taken into account. The future research of bamboo biorefinery technology are proposed: 1) due to the hardness of bamboo materials, it is necessary to explore low energy consumption crushing method; 2) to develop pretreatment process which not only has green chemicals, simple process, low degradation byproduct, but also adaptive the specific structural characteristics of bamboo; 3) research on techniques for high-value utilization of bamboo lignin, and promote the utilization of the whole chemical components of bamboo raw materials.

Key words: bamboo, pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, monosaccharides