关键词: 泡桐, 基础生物学, 育种, 栽培技术, 加工利用

Abstract:

Paulownia is native to China and has a long history of cultivation. It has excellent material quality, beautiful texture and good sound conduction performance. Besides being used as a building material, Paulownia is also widely applied in furniture manufacturing, musical instrument making and the production of decorative boards. Paulownia trees play an indispensable role in ensuring wood supply, improving the ecological environment, promoting the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, and supporting the construction of the “Belt and Road Initiative”. However, in actual production and application, there are issues such as a scarcity of superior varieties, large crowns and low stems, and a serious occurrence of Paulownia witches’ broom (PaWB). Since the 1960s, researchers have conducted in-depth studies on these issues, covering the biological characteristics of Paulownia, the collection and preservation of germplasm resources, the creation of new germplasm and the breeding of new varieties, green cultivation techniques, the mechanism and control of PaWB, and the development and utilization of resources. They have achieved a series of original theoretical and application results, establishing China’s leading position internationally in this field. Given that most existing reviews on Paulownia focus on local achievements and lack comprehensive integration, this paper systematically reviews the latest core progress in Paulownia research, covering basic biological research, germplasm resource collection, breeding and cultivation techniques, as well as processing and utilization. Meanwhile, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis and discussion of the existing problems in current research and looks forward to future research directions and industrial development. It also puts forward suggestions for further deepening basic research, promoting the transformation of Paulownia breeding from “empirical breeding” to “precise design breeding,” and increasing the added value of Paulownia to achieve high-value comprehensive utilization, in order to promote in-depth researchand and sustainable utilization of Paulownia, and facilitating the high-quality development of the Paulownia industry and forestry undertakings.

Key words: Paulownia, basic biology, breeding, cultivation technology, processing and utilization