农村劳动力转移对农户林业社会化服务需求的影响——基于1 407户农户生产环节的调查

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20180616

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]研究农村劳动力转移对农户林业社会化服务需求的影响，为深化农村农业经营制度改革、完整我国农业基本经营制度提供参考。[方法]基于江西、河南、四川、浙江、福建、湖南、广西和贵州8省（区）1 407户农户调查数据，以生产环节为例，利用双变量Probit模型分析农村劳动力转移对农户林业社会化服务需求的影响及其影响差异。[结果]劳动力转移程度对农户林业社会化服务需求具有显著负向影响，对林业良种和栽培技术服务及林业病虫害等"三防"技术服务的影响系数分别为-0.103和-0.124，户主转移和转移性别差异显著影响农户社会化服务需求和可获性；收费服务引导林业社会化服务朝市场化方向发展，加入林业合作社能较好同步匹配农户社会化服务需求与可获性之间的关系；农户人口数和区位条件对农户林业生产环节社会化服务需求和可获性存在反向的显著影响。[结论]农村剩余劳动力基本转移完毕，进一步转移的数量正在降低农户林业生产环节社会化服务需求，降低农户对林业经营的依存度，影响农户林业生产，不利于提升林地经营效率，也将使林地经营面临再次被粗放化的风险。应进一步健全林业专业合作社制度，加快林业服务的专业化、规模化步伐，以克服单个家庭劳动力转移后所带来的林业生产劳动力供给不足问题，提高林业社会化服务的服务效率和服务能力。

关键词: 劳动力转移, 林业社会化服务, 林业良种和栽培技术服务, 林业病虫害等“三防”技术服务, 农户生产环节需求

Abstract: [Objective] Labor is becoming a main factor of production on the forestry economic growth. This paper attempts to answer the question how the large amount of rural labor force transfer will bring about the farmers' demand of social service on forestry production process(SSFPP). It is great significant to improve the system of the SSFPP.[Method] Based on the survey data of 1 407 households in 8 provinces(regions), this paper used the bivariate Probit model to analyze the impact of labor transfer on the farmers' demand of the SSDFPP.[Result] The impact of the labor transfer degree on the SSFPP was significant. In this paper, the forest services on product process included the forestry seed and cultivation technology service(FSCTS)and the forest insect pest and fire prevent service(FIPFPS).Their influence coefficients were -0.103 and -0.124. The factors, including households and gender of transfer, significantly affected farmers' needs and supply in differences. Charged services guided the forestry socialization services to market-oriented direction, joining forestry cooperatives can better synchronize the relationship between farmers' social service demand and availability. In addition, the population and location conditions of farmers had significant influence on the demand and supply of the SSFPP in different directions.[Conclusion] From the research results, the basic transfer of rural surplus labor have been completed, the number of further transfer is to reduce the farmers demand for SSFPP, which means to reduce the dependency of farmers on forestry management, and affect farmers' forestry production. It is not conducive to the improvement of forestland management efficiency and will also make the forest management to face the risk of being rough again. Therefore,we should further improve the forestry professional cooperatives system, speed up the professionalization and scale of forestry services in order to overcome the shortage of forestry production labor supply problems brought by labor force transfer in the single family, thereby improve the service efficiency and service capabilities of the SSFPP.

Key words: labor transfer, social service on forestry production process(SSFPP), forestry seed and cultivation technology service(FSCTS), forest insect pest and fire prevent service(FIPFPS), farmers' demand on forestry production process

中图分类号:

F307.2

孔凡斌, 阮华, 廖文梅, 秦克清. 农村劳动力转移对农户林业社会化服务需求的影响——基于1 407户农户生产环节的调查[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(6): 132-142.

Kong Fanbin, Ruan Hua, Liao Wenmei, Qin Keqing. Impact of Rural Labor Transfer on the Farmers' Socialized Service Demand in the Forestry: Survey Data of 1 407 Households on Production Process[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(6): 132-142.

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