欢迎访问林业科学,今天是

林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 53-61.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20201106

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

杉木不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性

李霞1,2,王利宝3,*,文亚峰1,林军4,武星彤1,袁美灵1,张原1,王敏求1,李鑫玉1   

  1. 1. 中南林业科技大学风景园林学院 长沙 410004
    2. 广西国有东门林场 崇左 532108
    3. 中南林业科技大学林学院 长沙 410004
    4. 广东省乐昌市龙山林场 乐昌 512200
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-22 出版日期:2020-11-25 发布日期:2020-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 王利宝
  • 基金资助:
    国家林业和草原局"948国际引进项目"(2015-4-18);湖南省教育厅重点项目(15A194);湖南省自然科学基金重点项目(10JJ2018)

Genetic Diversity of Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Breeding Populations among Different Generations

Xia Li1,2,Libao Wang3,*,Yafeng Wen1,Jun Lin4,Xingtong Wu1,Meiling Yuan1,Yuan Zhang1,Minqiu Wang1,Xinyu Li1   

  1. 1. College of Landscape Architecture, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004
    2. Guangxi Dongmen Forest Farm Chongzuo 532108
    3. College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004
    4. Longshan State Forest Farm of Lechang, Guangdong Province Lechang 512200
  • Received:2019-11-22 Online:2020-11-25 Published:2020-12-30
  • Contact: Libao Wang

摘要:

目的: 解析杉木不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性及其变化规律,检测育种群体的遗传结构及其基因流,为我国杉木长期育种和人工林可持续高效经营提供科学依据。方法: 利用核基因组和叶绿体基因组微卫星标记方法,对湖南攸县和广东乐昌2个国家级杉木良种基地的不同世代育种群体,共520份育种材料进行检测分析,比较2个基地育种群体的遗传多样性水平和群体遗传结构特征,分析不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性变化规律。结果: 核基因组SSR检测结果表明,杉木育种材料的总体遗传多样性为0.687,攸县和乐昌良种基地的育种群体都具有较高的遗传多样性,期望杂合度分别达到了0.678和0.667。随着育种进程的推进,2个基地高世代育种群体的遗传多样性均逐步降低,平均等位基因数从9.612(F1)减少到8.750(F2),乐昌组群F3具有最小的等位基因数6.833;世代间期望杂合度的减少幅度小于6.46%。叶绿体基因组SSR检测结果显示,2个基地不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性变化趋势略有差异,随着育种进程的推进,攸县组群的遗传多样性逐渐增大,而乐昌组群呈先降后升的趋势。核基因组和叶绿体基因组SSR检测结果的差异既与不同基因组的进化模式有关,也与2个基地育种群体的数量和来源有较大关系。结论: 2个杉木良种基地育种群体保持了较高的遗传多样性水平。随着育种进程的推进,高世代育种群体的遗传多样性有逐步降低的趋势,世代间遗传多样性的减少幅度小于6.46%,表明我国杉木高世代育种策略和方法是科学有效的。

关键词: 杉木, 育种群体, 遗传多样性, 微卫星标记

Abstract:

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata) breeding populations, and to detect its genetic structure and gene flow, further to provide a scientific basis for long term breeding and sustainable management of Chinese fir. Method: Using nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers, a total of 520 clones of 2 breeding populations respectively of two national seed bases(Youxian and Lechang)were analyzed to compare their genetic diversity among different generations. Result: nSSR data showed that total genetic diversity of breeding populations was 0.687. Youxian and Lechang seed bases displayed a high genetic diversity, with expected heterozygosity of 0.678 and 0.667, respectively. With the advancement of breeding process, genetic diversity of advanced-generations of the two seed bases tended to decrease gradually. The average number of alleles in the two bases (Youxian and Lechang) decreased from 9.612 (F1) to 8.750 (F2), the F3 generation of the Lechang Base had the smallest allele number 6.833, the expected heterozygosity was decreased by less than 6.46% among generations. cpSSR markers also showed a clear change of genetic diversity, but the changing trend was different in the two seed bases among different generations. With the advancement of breeding process, genetic diversity of the Youxian Base gradually increased, while Lechang Base showed a trend of a decline followed by a rise. This difference is related to the evolution model of chloroplast and nuclear genomes, and also affected by the number and sources of breeding materials in the two seed bases. Conclusion: Chinese fir breeding populations in the two national seed bases have high level of genetic diversity. With the advancement of breeding process, genetic diversity of advanced-generation breeding populations was decreasing gradually, but the reduction rate was less than 6.46%, suggesting that the advanced-generation breeding strategies and methods of Chinese fir were scientifically sound and effective.

Key words: Cunninghamia lanceolata, breeding populations, genetic diversity, microsatellite markers

中图分类号: