林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 53-61.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20201106
李霞1,2,王利宝3,*,文亚峰1,林军4,武星彤1,袁美灵1,张原1,王敏求1,李鑫玉1
收稿日期:
2019-11-22
出版日期:
2020-11-25
发布日期:
2020-12-30
通讯作者:
王利宝
基金资助:
Xia Li1,2,Libao Wang3,*,Yafeng Wen1,Jun Lin4,Xingtong Wu1,Meiling Yuan1,Yuan Zhang1,Minqiu Wang1,Xinyu Li1
Received:
2019-11-22
Online:
2020-11-25
Published:
2020-12-30
Contact:
Libao Wang
摘要:
目的: 解析杉木不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性及其变化规律,检测育种群体的遗传结构及其基因流,为我国杉木长期育种和人工林可持续高效经营提供科学依据。方法: 利用核基因组和叶绿体基因组微卫星标记方法,对湖南攸县和广东乐昌2个国家级杉木良种基地的不同世代育种群体,共520份育种材料进行检测分析,比较2个基地育种群体的遗传多样性水平和群体遗传结构特征,分析不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性变化规律。结果: 核基因组SSR检测结果表明,杉木育种材料的总体遗传多样性为0.687,攸县和乐昌良种基地的育种群体都具有较高的遗传多样性,期望杂合度分别达到了0.678和0.667。随着育种进程的推进,2个基地高世代育种群体的遗传多样性均逐步降低,平均等位基因数从9.612(F1)减少到8.750(F2),乐昌组群F3具有最小的等位基因数6.833;世代间期望杂合度的减少幅度小于6.46%。叶绿体基因组SSR检测结果显示,2个基地不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性变化趋势略有差异,随着育种进程的推进,攸县组群的遗传多样性逐渐增大,而乐昌组群呈先降后升的趋势。核基因组和叶绿体基因组SSR检测结果的差异既与不同基因组的进化模式有关,也与2个基地育种群体的数量和来源有较大关系。结论: 2个杉木良种基地育种群体保持了较高的遗传多样性水平。随着育种进程的推进,高世代育种群体的遗传多样性有逐步降低的趋势,世代间遗传多样性的减少幅度小于6.46%,表明我国杉木高世代育种策略和方法是科学有效的。
中图分类号:
李霞,王利宝,文亚峰,林军,武星彤,袁美灵,张原,王敏求,李鑫玉. 杉木不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(11): 53-61.
Xia Li,Libao Wang,Yafeng Wen,Jun Lin,Xingtong Wu,Meiling Yuan,Yuan Zhang,Minqiu Wang,Xinyu Li. Genetic Diversity of Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Breeding Populations among Different Generations[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(11): 53-61.
表2
18个EST-SSR位点的遗传多样性参数"
序号 No. | 位点 Locus | 样本数 Sample number (N) | 等位基因数 Number of alleles (Na) | 观测杂合度 Observed heterozygosity (Ho) | 期望杂合度 Expected heterozygosity (He) | 近交系数 Inbreeding coefficient (Fis) |
1 | hyb_strict4_rep_c149 | 520 | 10 | 0.475 | 0.510 | 0.068 |
2 | contigl3400_101A | 517 | 16 | 0.750 | 0.897 | 0.164 |
3 | contig1382_349B | 520 | 7 | 0.638 | 0.618 | -0.032 |
4 | contig7671_683B | 520 | 9 | 0.611 | 0.625 | 0.021 |
5 | contig406_1209C | 519 | 23 | 0.839 | 0.903 | 0.070 |
6 | contig2573_171C | 520 | 8 | 0.303 | 0.291 | -0.041 |
7 | contig10192_1677D | 518 | 9 | 0.710 | 0.737 | 0.036 |
8 | contig16147_262A | 520 | 12 | 0.647 | 0.730 | 0.078 |
9 | contig7616_683B | 519 | 9 | 0.744 | 0.769 | 0.032 |
10 | contig4728_384B | 520 | 8 | 0.463 | 0.496 | 0.067 |
11 | contig6064_1563C | 520 | 6 | 0.635 | 0.663 | 0.043 |
12 | contig12886_2058C | 520 | 6 | 0.463 | 0.465 | 0.004 |
13 | contig9724_201A | 520 | 12 | 0.769 | 0.845 | 0.091 |
14 | contig16322_179A | 520 | 10 | 0.665 | 0.702 | 0.053 |
15 | contig1997_271B | 519 | 10 | 0.693 | 0.685 | -0.012 |
16 | contig20158_829B | 517 | 16 | 0.750 | 0.811 | 0.076 |
17 | contig6319_250C | 520 | 8 | 0.920 | 0.712 | -0.291 |
18 | contig18815_185D | 517 | 14 | 0.811 | 0.895 | 0.093 |
均值Mean | 519.222 | 10.722 | 0.660 | 0.687 | 0.028 |
表3
杉木不同世代育种群体基于EST-SSR的遗传多样性参数"
遗传参数 Genetic diversity parameters | 攸县组群YX group 不同世代Different generations | 乐昌组群LC group 不同世代Different generations | ||||||||
F1 | F1.5 | F2 | 均值Mean | F1 | F2 | F2.5 | F3 | 均值Mean | ||
样本数Sample number(N) | 76 | 54 | 53 | 61.00 | 138 | 126 | 33 | 40 | 84.111 | |
等位基因数Number of allele(Na) | 9.167 | 8.722 | 7.889 | 8.593 | 10.056 | 9.611 | 7.000 | 6.833 | 8.375 | |
等位基因丰富度Allelic richness(AR) | 7.913 | 7.929 | 7.304 | 7.715 | 7.801 | 7.752 | 7.000 | 6.618 | 7.293 | |
私有等位基因数Number of private allele(Npa) | 0 | 0 | 7 | 2.333 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 3.500 | |
观测杂合度Observed heterozygosity(Ho) | 0.676 | 0.679 | 0.657 | 0.671 | 0.664 | 0.669 | 0.662 | 0.630 | 0.656 | |
期望杂合度Expected heterozygosity(He) | 0.687 | 0.692 | 0.656 | 0.678 | 0.699 | 0.679 | 0.666 | 0.623 | 0.667 | |
遗传分化系数Genetic differentiation coefficient(Fst) | 0.008 | 0.008 | ||||||||
近交系数Inbreeding coefficient(Fis) | 0.023 | 0.034 |
表5
杉木不同世代育种群体基于叶绿体SSR的遗传多样性参数"
遗传参数 Genetic diversity parameters | 攸县组群YX group 不同世代Different generations | 乐昌组群LC group 不同世代Different generations | ||||||||
F1 | F1.5 | F2 | 均值Mean | F1 | F2 | F2.5 | F3 | 均值Mean | ||
样本数Sample number(N) | 76 | 54 | 52 | 60.0 | 137 | 124 | 33 | 40 | 83.5 | |
单倍型数Number of haplotypes(A) | 5 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 6.75 | |
私有单倍型数Number of private haplotypes(P) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.750 | |
有效单倍型数Effective number of haplotypes(Ne) | 1.911 | 2.056 | 2.522 | 2.163 | 2.169 | 1.826 | 1.941 | 2.073 | 2.002 | |
单倍型丰富度Haplotype richness(Rh) | 3.806 | 3.962 | 7.000 | 4.923 | 3.952 | 4.503 | 5.000 | 3.475 | 4.233 | |
遗传多样性Genetic diversity(H) | 0.483 | 0.523 | 0.615 | 0.541 | 0.543 | 0.456 | 0.500 | 0.531 | 0.507 | |
遗传分化系数Genetic differentiation coefficient(Fst) | 0.017 | 0.014 |
表6
杉木育种群体的分子方差分析(AMOVA)"
变异来源 Source of variation | 自由度 df | 均方和 Sum of squares | 变异组分 Variance components | 占总变异比例 Percentage of variation(%) | P |
组群间Among groups | 1 | 32.830 | 0.038 86 | 0.62 | <0.001 |
群体间Among populations | 5 | 66.459 | 0.050 61 | 0.81 | <0.001 |
群体内Within populations | 513 | 6 337.290 | 6.135 93 | 98.57 | <0.001 |
总计Total | 519 | 6 436.579 | 6.225 40 | 100 | — |
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