国有林区天然林资源保护工程绩效评价——以黑龙江省重点国有林区为例

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210416

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 以黑龙江省重点国有林区为例，尝试对天然林保护工程绩效进行较为客观的跟踪评价，以期为我国天然林保护工程绩效评价提供参考。方法: 从资源子系统、产业子系统、社会子系统3个方面建立"天保工程"绩效评价指标体系，基于熵权的TOPSIS模型以2000—2018年黑龙江省重点国有林区为例对国有林区"天保工程"绩效进行评价。结果: 2000—2018年"天保工程"资源子系统绩效值、产业子系统绩效值、社会子系统绩效值及"天保工程"系统综合绩效值分别在0.019 0~0.748 0、0.182 7~0.776 4、0.010 0~0.782 2和0.018 8~0.753 2之间，总体上均呈现波动上升态势。结论: 以黑龙江省重点国有林区为例确定的"天保工程"绩效评价指标体系熵权，客观地折射出以天然林保护与生态环境建设为主、兼顾惠及民生、促进社会和谐发展以及助力国有林区产业经济转型发展的"天保工程"主要目标。与"天保工程一期"相比，"天保工程二期"的资源子系统绩效值、产业子系统绩效值、社会子系统绩效值及"天保工程"系统综合绩效值均有较大提升，绩效等级水平都已实现由"变化不大"向"略有好转"再向"变得较好"的转变，截至2018年底，各绩效等级水平都已达到"变得较好"，但离"变得很好"的绩效最好水平尚有"一个等级"差距。

关键词: 国有林区, 天保工程, 绩效评价, 熵权TOPSIS模型

Abstract:

Objective: The key state-owned forest region in Heilongjiang Province was taken as an example for a relatively objective tracking evaluation of the performance of natural forest protection project, in order to provide a basis for the performance evaluation of natural forest protection projects in China. Method: A performance evaluation indicators system consisting of three subsystems of resources, industries and society was developed to evaluate the performance of natural forest protection project in the key state-owned forest region of Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2018 by using TOPSIS model based on entropy weight. Result: From 2000 to 2018, the performance values of the three subsystems of resources, industries and society, and the whole natural forest project system were respectively in the range of 0.019 0-0.748 0, 0.182 7-0.776 4, 0.010 0-0.782 2 and 0.018 8-0.753 2, showing a upward fluctuating trend on the whole. Conclusion: The entropy weight of the performance evaluation indicators system for the natural forest protection project based on the case study objectively reflects the main objectives of the natural forest protection project which focuses on natural forest protection and ecological environment construction, benefiting people's livelihood, promoting social harmonious development, and helping the industrial economic transformation and development of state-owned forest region. Compared with the "Phase Ⅰ Natural Forest Protection Project", the performance values of the three subsystems and the whole project system of the "Phase Ⅱ Natural Forest Protection Project" had been greatly improved, and their performance levels had all been transformed from "little changed" to "slightly improved" and then to "becoming better". By the end of 2018, all performance levels had reached "becoming better", but there was still one more level to reach the best performance level of "becoming very good".

Key words: state-owned forest region, natural forest protection project, performance evaluation, entropy weight TOPSIS model

中图分类号:

F307.2

李朝洪,韦唯,刘舒欣. 国有林区天然林资源保护工程绩效评价——以黑龙江省重点国有林区为例[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(4): 153-162.

Chaohong Li,Wei Wei,Shuxin Liu. Performance Evaluation of Natural Forest Protection Project in State-Owned Forest Region——A Case Study of Key State-Owned Forest Region in Heilongjiang Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(4): 153-162.

图/表 4

表1

黑龙江省重点国有林区“天保工程”绩效评价指标体系和“天保工程”实施前后各项指标变化①"

系统层及权重 System layer and weight	控制层及权重 Control layer and weight	指标层及权重 Index layer and weight	总体趋势 The overall trend
系统层及权重 System layer and weight	控制层及权重 Control layer and weight	指标层及权重 Index layer and weight	“天保工程”前 Before the natural forest protection project	“天保工程”后 After the natural forest protection project
资源子系统 Resource subsystem0.439 0	资源存量 Resource stock0.741 4	林地面积 Woodland area/10⁴hm² 0.328 6	下降 Down	上升 Up
		森林面积 Forest area/10⁴hm² 0.318 5	下降 Down	上升 Up
		森林蓄积量 Forest volume/10⁸ m³ 0.352 9	下降 Down	上升 Up
	资源保护强度 Resource protection intensity0.258 6	森林覆盖率Forest coverage(%) 0.329 4	下降 Down	上升 Up
		自然保护区面积占比Proportion of nature reserve area(%) 0.332 6	下降 Down	上升 Up
		森林公园总面积占比Proportion of total area of Forest Park(%) 0.338 0	下降 Down	上升 Up
产业子系统 Industrial subsystem0.265 2	产业产出能力 Industrial output capacity0.156 6	林业产业总产值Gross output value of forestry industry/10⁴ yuan 0.147 9	下降 Down	上升 Up
		第一产业涉林产业总产值Gross output value of forestry industry involved in primary industry/10⁴yuan 0.088 0	下降 Down	上升 Up
		人造板制造产业总产值Gross output value of wood-based panel manufacturing industry/10⁴yuan 0.068 6	下降 Down	先上升后下降 First up and then Down
		森林旅游与休闲服务产业总产值Gross output value of forestry tourism and leisure service industry/10⁴yuan 0.245 8	下降 Down	上升 Up
		工程区木材产量Timber output in the project area/m³ 0.083 8	下降 Down	下降 Down
		木材销售量Timber sales/m³ 0.123 2	下降 Down	下降 Down
		人工林木材产量Timber yield of plantation/m³ 0.142 7	下降 Down	下降 Down
		食用菌产品产量Output of edible fungi products/t 0.100 0	下降 Down	上升 Up
	产业结构 Industrial structure0.161 2	林业第一产业总产值占林业产业总产值的比重 Proportion of gross output value of forestry primary industry in gross output value of forestry(%) 0.034 4	下降 Down	先上升后下降 First up and then Down
		林业第二产业总产值占林业产业总产值的比重Proportion of gross output value of forestry secondary industry in gross output value of forestry(%) 0.072 4	下降 Down	下降 Down
		林业第三产业总产值占林业产业总产值的比重Proportion of gross output value of forestry tertiary industry in gross output value of forestry(%) 0.092 4	下降 Down	上升 Up
		产业结构层次系数Hierarchy coefficient of industrial structure 0.002 3	下降 Down	上升 Up
		泰尔指数Theil index (%) 0.798 5	上升 Up	先上升后下降 First up and then Down
	产业投资 Industrial investment0.682 2	年内完成林业产业发展投资总额Total investment completed in forestry industry development within the year/10⁴yuan 0.807 8	下降 Down	上升 Up
	产业投资 Industrial investment0.682 2	年内完成林业支撑与保障投资总额Total investment completed in forestry support and guarantee within the year/10⁴yuan 0.192 2	下降 Down	持平Flat
社会子系统 Social subsystem0.295 8	职工社会福利保障 Social welfare security for employees0.788 0	年末参加基本养老保险总人数占比Proportion of total number of people participating in basic endowment insurance at the end of the year (%) 0.045 3	下降 Down	上升 Up
		年末参加基本医疗保险总人数占比Proportion of total number of people participating in basic medical insurance at the end of the year(%) 0.013 3	下降 Down	上升 Up
		在岗职工年平均工资Average annual wage of on-the-job staff/10⁴yuan 0.458 4	下降 Down	上升 Up
		当年离退休人员生活费Living expenses of retirees in that year/10⁴yuan 0.483 0	下降 Down	上升 Up
	民生及治安 People’s livelihood and public security0.212 0	林区职工上访率Petition rate of forest workers(%) 0.235 0	上升 Up	下降 Down
		林区消费投诉率Consumption complaint rate of forest area (%) 0.178 1	上升 Up	下降 Down
		林区对民主法治满意度Forest area’s satisfaction with democracy and rule of law(%) 0.094 1	下降 Down	上升 Up
		刑事案件发生率Incidence of criminal cases(%)0.054 6	上升 Up	下降 Down
		刑事案件破案率Detection rate of criminal cases(%)0.059 8	下降 Down	上升 Up
		家庭暴力投诉反映率Complaint response rate of domestic violence(%) 0.378 4	上升 Up	下降 Down

表1

表2

图1

图2

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年份 Year	资源子系统 Resource subsystem		产业子系统 Industrial subsystem		社会子系统 Social subsystem		综合 Comprehensive
年份 Year	绩效 Performance	等级 Grade	绩效 Performance	等级 Grade	绩效 Performance	等级 Grade	绩效 Performance	等级 Grade
2000	0.019 0	SD	0.208 0	LC	0.010 0	SD	0.018 8	SD
2001	0.031 9	SD	0.208 6	LC	0.040 7	SD	0.030 3	SD
2002	0.074 2	SD	0.229 9	LC	0.073 0	SD	0.077 3	SD
2003	0.102 0	SD	0.206 7	LC	0.089 7	SD	0.099 4	SD
2004	0.159 6	SD	0.191 6	SD	0.108 7	SD	0.153 2	SD
2005	0.173 5	SD	0.182 7	SD	0.126 8	SD	0.169 5	SD
2006	0.174 3	SD	0.200 7	LC	0.142 6	SD	0.176 5	SD
2007	0.183 1	SD	0.227 5	LC	0.164 6	SD	0.194 7	SD
2008	0.188 5	SD	0.216 8	LC	0.195 3	SD	0.207 7	LC
2009	0.279 0	LC	0.211 2	LC	0.239 8	LC	0.293 6	LC
2010	0.324 2	LC	0.232 5	LC	0.295 1	LC	0.349 8	LC
2011	0.413 9	SI	0.536 7	SI	0.450 4	SI	0.559 4	SI
2012	0.440 9	SI	0.424 4	SI	0.467 9	SI	0.545 9	SI
2013	0.503 8	SI	0.541 7	SI	0.530 3	SI	0.654 4	BB
2014	0.535 0	SI	0.562 5	SI	0.619 5	BB	0.711 7	BB
2015	0.652 5	BB	0.706 6	BB	0.742 6	BB	0.728 8	BB
2016	0.710 7	BB	0.729 9	BB	0.757 0	BB	0.733 2	BB
2017	0.721 2	BB	0.753 2	BB	0.775 5	BB	0.741 8	BB
2018	0.748 0	BB	0.776 4	BB	0.782 2	BB	0.753 2	BB

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