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林业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 152-160.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210316

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

密度和行距配置对毛白杨苗木质量的影响

孙明慧1,2,刘勇1,*,王长伟1,李国雷1,王苗苗1,宋协海1,常笑超1,万芳芳1,宋怀山3   

  1. 1. 北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室 北京 100083
    2. 国家林业和草原局华东调查规划设计院 杭州 310019
    3. 冠县国有苗圃国家杨树良种基地 聊城 252500
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-02 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 刘勇
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发课题“白杨工业资源材高效培育技术研究”(2016YFD0600403)

Effects of Density and Row Spacing on the Quality of Populus tomentosa Seedling

Minghui Sun1,2,Yong Liu1,*,Changwei Wang1,Guolei Li1,Miaomiao Wang1,Xiehai Song1,Xiaochao Chang1,Fangfang Wan1,Huaishan Song3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083
    2. East China Inventory and Planning Institute, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Hangzhou 310019
    3. Guanxian State-Owned Nursery National Poplar Forest Base Liaocheng 252500
  • Received:2020-01-02 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-07
  • Contact: Yong Liu

摘要:

目的: 探究密度和行距配置对毛白杨苗木生长、养分含量和光截获的影响,筛选毛白杨苗木适宜的密度和行距配置,为提高毛白杨苗木质量、节约毛育苗成本提供参考。方法: 以毛白杨新品种“北林雄株1号”苗木为试验材料,采用双因素完全随机区组设计,设置高、中、低3种育苗密度[50 000(A1)、41 667(A2)和31 250(A3)株·hm-2]和3种行距配置,测定毛白杨苗木生长指标、养分含量、光截获和叶面积指数。结果: 1)密度和行距配置对毛白杨苗木生长指标影响显著(P < 0.05),中密度带状配置A2B3的苗高、根生物量和总生物量最大,分别为294.65 cm、151.92 g和328.77 g,较高密度行状配置A1B1分别提高30.21%、62.78%和26.96%;2)密度和行距配置显著影响毛白杨叶氮浓度,A3B3的叶氮浓度最大(16.43 g·kg-1);带状配置较行状配置可显著提升苗木茎根的氮浓度;3)密度和行距配置的交互作用对毛白杨苗木光截获影响不显著(P>0.05),行距配置对毛白杨苗木光截获和叶面积指数影响极显著(P < 0.01),带状配置显著增加毛白杨苗木光截获和叶面积指数,带状配置B3的光截获和叶面积指数最大,分别为0.87和3.59,显著高于行状配置B1;4)不同密度和行距配置下,光截获显著影响毛白杨生长指标(P < 0.05),光截获与毛白杨苗高、地径、地上生物量、地下生物量和总生物量呈极显著正相关(P < 0.01),与茎根比呈显著负相关(P < 0.05),其中光截获与生物量的决定系数(R2)最高,达0.408。结论: 在不同密度和行距配置下,光截获是影响苗木苗高、地径、地上生物量、地下生物量和总生物量的关键因素。密度和行距配置不同,苗木生长指标以及养分浓度均表现出相应变化。从苗木质量上考虑,中密度带状配置B3毛白杨的生长指标、养分含量和光截获最佳,苗木质量最佳。从生产经济上考虑,高密度带状配置B2、高密度带状配置B3、中密度带状配置B2、中密度行带状配置B3的密度和行距配置模式均较佳。

关键词: 毛白杨, 生长指标, 养分浓度, 光截获, 叶面积指数

Abstract:

Objective: The quality of seedlings directly affects the outplanting performance, and the density and row spacing configuration of seedlings affect seedling quality and yield. This study aimed to explore Populus tomentosa seedling growth, nutrient content and light interception in response to density and row spacing, and to select the suitable density and row spacing of P. tomentosa seedlings, in order to improve the quality of P. tomentosa seedlings and save the cost. Method: In this paper, three seedling densities (50 000(A1), 41 667(A2), 31 250(A3) seedlings·hm-2) and three kinds of row spacing (uniform row B1 (row spacing 0.8+0.8 m), the narrow-wide rows B2: (row spacing 0.6+1.0 m), and the narrow-wide rows B3: (row spacing 0.4+1.2 m) were designed to explore the effects of seedling density and row spacing on growth, nutrient content, light interception of P. tomentosa. Result: 1) Density and row spacing had significant effects on seedling growth indexes. The seedling height, root biomass and biomass of A2B3 were the highest, with 294.65 cm, 151.92 g and 328.77 g, respectively. 2) Density and row spacing had significant effects on leaf nitrogen concentration of P. tomento sa seedlings. The leaf nitrogen concentration of A3B3 was the highest with a value of 16.43 g·kg-1. Narrow-wide row planting significantly increased the nitrogen concentration in seedling stems and roots compared with equidistant row planting. 3) The interaction of density and row spacing configuration had no significant effect on canopy light interception (P > 0.05). However, row spacing significantly affected light interception and leaf area index (LAI) of P. tomento sa seedlings (P < 0.01). Narrow-wide rows 2 significantly increased light interception and leaf area index of P. tomentosa. The light interception and leaf area index of treatment B3 were the highest, which were 0.87 and 3.59, significantly higher than those of treatment B1. 4) Under different density and row spacing, light interception significantly affected the growth index of the seedlings (P < 0.05). Light interception was significantly positively correlated with seedling height, root collar diameter, aboveground biomass, underground biomass and total biomass of P. tomentosa (P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with stem/root (SR) (P < 0.05). Among them, light interception and biomass had the highest determinant coefficient, with R2 reaching 0.408. Conclusion: Under different density and row spacing, light interception is the key factor affecting seedling height, root collar diameter, stem-to-root ratio and biomass. In general, the seedling growth indexes and nutrient concentration change with different density and row spacing. In terms of seedling quality, under the treatment of A2B3, the growth indexes and light interception of P. tomentosa are the best. As for the production economy, A1B2, A1B3, A2B2, and A2B3 are better.

Key words: Populus tomentosa, growth indexes, nutrient content of seedlings, light interception, leaf area index

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