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林业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (2): 103-114.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210211

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

降香黄檀与东京黄檀木材解剖特征及抽提物化学成分的可区别性

刘衡1,施福军2,黎韦水1,韦中绵2,马若克1,刘志高1,李英健1,符韵林1,*   

  1. 1. 广西大学林学院 南宁 530004
    2. 南宁树木园 南宁 530031
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-22 出版日期:2021-02-25 发布日期:2021-03-29
  • 通讯作者: 符韵林
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31870540);广西林业科技项目(桂林科字[2016]第23号)

Distinguishability of Dalbergia odorifera and Dalbergia tonkinensis in Wood Anatomic Properties and Extraction Chemical Compositions

Heng Liu1,Fujun Shi2,Weishui Li1,Zhongmian Wei2,Ruoke Ma1,Zhigao Liu1,Yingjian Li1,Yunlin Fu1,*   

  1. 1. Forestry College of Guangxi University Nanning 530004
    2. Guangxi Nanning Arboretum Nanning 530031
  • Received:2019-09-22 Online:2021-02-25 Published:2021-03-29
  • Contact: Yunlin Fu

摘要:

目的: 比较降香黄檀和东京黄檀的树木形态、木材解剖特征和抽提物化学成分,探究二者的可区别性。方法: 采用观察法观测降香黄檀和东京黄檀的树木形态特征;采用木材解剖学方法观测木材三切面,从宏观和微观角度观察降香黄檀和东京黄檀木材组织构造;采用气质联用分析(GC-MS)和超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)方法测定不同产地降香黄檀和东京黄檀抽提物的化学成分,并进行对比分析。结果: 在树木形态上,降香黄檀的花、果、叶等形态与东京黄檀相似;在木材构造上,相较于东京黄檀,降香黄檀纹理略丰富,管孔类型更趋近于半环孔材,心材具有略少的异型Ⅲ木射线组织,但这些差异难以量化,并不能很好地区分二者,同时,其他构造特征不存在可区别性;在化学成分上,通过聚类分析发现,相同纬度的木材聚为一类,与树种无关,通过PCA分析发现,二者的分组存在明显交集,不存在可区别性。结论: 降香黄檀和东京黄檀在树木的花、果、叶等形态特征、木材解剖构造及抽提物化学成分等方面差异不显著,不存在可区别性。

关键词: 降香黄檀, 东京黄檀, 树木形态, 木材构造, 化学成分

Abstract:

Objective: The chemical compositions of extracts, anatomical characteristics and plant morphology were compared between Dalbergia odorifera and D. tonkinensis, and the distinguishability of them was explored to provide a basis to determine whether they were the same species. Method: Observation method was used to observe the tree morphological characteristics of D. odorifera and D. tonkinensis. Wood anatomical method was used to observe the three dimensional sections of wood, wood tissue structure of D. odorifera and D. tonkinensis were observed by means of macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. The chemical compositions of extracts of D. odorifera and D. tonkinensis were checked by GC/MS and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method and a comparative analysis was made. Result: The flowers, fruits, and leaves of D. odorifera were similar to those of D. tonkinensis. Compared with D. tonkinensis, the grain of D. odorifera was slightly rich. The pore type belonged to the semi-ring porous wood and the heartwood had slightly less heterogeneous-Ⅲ ray tissue, but these differences were difficult to quantify. Thus, it was difficult to distinguish between the two species and other structural features were not distinguishable. The wood from the same latitude was clustered into one group by cluster analysis and the chemical compositions of the extracts from them had no relation with species. Similarly, the PCA analysis showed no distinguishability because of obvious intersection between the two groups. Conclusion: There are no significant differences in the morphological characteristics of flowers, fruits and leaves, the anatomical structure of wood and the chemical compositions of extracts from D. odorifera and D. tonkinensis. Therefore, there was no distinguishability between the two species.

Key words: Dalbergia odorifera, Dalbergia tonkinensis, morphological characteristics, wood structure, chemical compositions

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