关键词: 梁山慈竹, 茎秆, 化学成分, 结构鉴定

Abstract: [Objective] The main purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical constituents from the culm of Dendrocalamus farinosus, and to provide a theoretical basis for development and utilization of sympodial bamboo resources.[Method] The analysis of general chemical composition were followed by national standard method. The contents of eighteen kinds of inorganic elements was detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP/MS), combining with microwave sample digestion. The 95% ethanol extract from the D. farinosus culm was then eluted successively with distilled water, 30% ethanol, 60% ethanol, and 80% ethanol respectively.The compounds were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and high voltage HPLC separate system. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and the data reported in literature.[Result] The results showed that the chemical components of D. farinosus were determined as ash content 1.24%, 1%NaOH extractive 30.71%, hot water extractive 11.58%, cold water extractive 9.16%, benzene-alcohol extractive 3.27%, pentosan 19.44%, klason lignin 22.18%, holocellulose 72.70%. The contents of 18 kinds of inorganic elements were Ca(587.13 mg·kg^-1), Mg(448.75 mg·kg^-1), Al(76.51 mg·kg^-1), Fe(66.38 mg·kg^-1), Na(51.4 mg·kg^-1), Zn(16.47 mg·kg^-1), Mn(15.52 mg·kg^-1), Cr(5.26 mg·kg^-1), Ni(3.54 mg·kg^-1), Mo(3.03 mg·kg^-1), Cu(2.48 mg·kg^-1), Pb(2.46 mg·kg^-1), Cd(0.39 mg·kg^-1), Se(0.35 mg·kg^-1), Ag(0.26 mg·kg^-1), As(0.23 mg·kg^-1), Co(0.09 mg·kg^-1), Hg(0.07 mg·kg^-1),respectively. Ten compounds were isolated and identified as isoorientin, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, tricin, tricin-7-O-glucopyranoside, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, isovitexin, 2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzoqunone, β-sitosterol. For the first time,these compounds mentioned above were isolated from D. farinosus, compounds 5 and 9 were separated from Dendrocalamus plant.[Conclusion] The fiber property of D. farinosus culm ranged between softwood and hardwood, and it's an ideal material to make paper. Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Na,Zn,Mn,Cr were relative abundant in the bamboo culm, and the amount of other elements ranged from 0.07 mg·kg^-1 to 0.35 mg·kg^-1. In general, the amount and type of secondary metabolic components in D. farinosus culm were less than those in leaves. Furthermore, the flavonoids and phenolic acid compounds were found, which might have allelopathic activity. Therefore,the targeted research was suggested to be carried out.

Key words: Dendrocalamus farinosus, bamboo culm, chemical constituents, structure identification