欢迎访问林业科学,今天是

林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (4): 109-120.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200412

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

降香黄檀心材和边材内生真菌多样性

刘昌霖,周国英,肖柏,刘君昂   

  1. 南方人工林病虫害防治国家林业和草原局重点实验室 森林有害生物防控湖南省重点实验室 经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室 中南林业科技大学 长沙 410004
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-14 出版日期:2020-04-25 发布日期:2020-05-29
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0600202)

Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Heartwood and Sapwood of Dalbergia odorifera

Changlin Liu,Guoying Zhou,Bai Xiao,Jun Liu   

  1. Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Control of Diseases and Pests of South Plantation Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultination and Conseration of Ministry of Education Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004
  • Received:2019-03-14 Online:2020-04-25 Published:2020-05-29

摘要:

目的: 研究降香黄檀心材和边材中真菌群落结构和多样性及其与木材内环境因子的关系,为降香黄檀内生真菌价值评价和资源利用提供依据,为指导降香黄檀人工促进心材形成提供参考。方法: 采用高通量测序技术,结合木材理化性质,研究降香黄檀心材和边材内生真菌的群落结构和多样性,并采用方差分析、冗余分析等手段分析其与降香黄檀内环境因子的关系。结果: 经过高通量测序,共获得2 193 336条序列,碱基总数为761 438 850 bp,有效序列平均长度为385 bp。得到3 621个OTUs,分属26纲67目116科167属186种。纲水平上,心材内生真菌优势菌群为伞菌纲、粪壳菌纲和散囊菌纲,边材内生真菌优势菌群为粪壳菌纲、座囊菌纲、伞菌纲、地舌菌纲和银耳纲;属水平上,心材内生真菌优势菌群为暗枝顶孢壳属、镰刀菌属、孢子丝菌属、黑酵母样真菌属和球托霉属,边材内生真菌优势菌群为镰刀菌属、毛色二孢属、枝孢属、念珠菌属、德巴利酵母属和木霉属;种水平上,心材内生真菌优势菌群为孢子丝菌环境种、卵形孢球托霉菌和尖孢镰刀菌,边材内生真菌优势菌群为可可毛色二孢菌、酵母菌和镰刀菌。方差分析、冗余分析等结果表明,pH、灰分和钾元素与降香黄檀内生真菌属水平的群落结构呈负相关,热水抽提物、镁和钙元素与大部分属真菌群落呈正相关,与少量属真菌群落呈负相关。含水量、热水抽提物、矿质元素钙和镁与多样性指数Chaol、Shannon和Simpson指数呈正相关,pH、灰分和钾元素与其呈负相关。结论: 降香黄檀心材和边材含有丰富的内生真菌群落,群落结构丰度和多样性均为心材大于边材。引起心材和边材内生真菌群落结构性差异的主要木材内环境因子为pH、灰分和矿质元素钾,引起多样性差异的主要木材内环境因子为pH、含水率、矿质元素钙和钾,且含水平影响最大。

关键词: 降香黄檀, 心材, 边材, 高通量技术, 内生真菌, 群落结构, 多样性

Abstract:

Objective: This paper aims to study the diversity of the fungus community structure in heartwood and sapwood of Dalbergia odorifera, and their relationship with the internal environmental factors, in order to provide a basis for the evaluation of endophytic fungi and resource utilization in the trunk of D. odorifera, and further to provide a theoretical basis for artificially promoting the formation of heartwood of D. odorifera. Method: High-throughput sequencing technology was used to study the community structure and diversity of endophytic fungi in the heartwood and sapwood, and the relationship with the physical and chemical properties of heartwood and sapwood was analyzed by means of variance analysis and redundancy analysis. Result: A total of 2 193 336 sequences were obtained with high-throughput sequencing. The total number of bases was 761 438 850 bp, and the effective sequence had an average length of 385 bp. There were 3 621 OTUs, belonging to 26 classes, 67 orders, 116 families, 167 genera and 186 species. At the class level, the dominant flora of endophytic fungi of heartwood was:Agaricomycetes, Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes; the dominant flora of endophytic fungi of sapwood was:Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Agaricomycetes, Geoglossomycetes and Tremellomycetes. At the genus level, the dominant fungi of endophytic fungi in heartwood were:Phaeoacremonium, Fusarium, Sporothrix, Cladophialophora and Gongronella; the dominant endophytic fungi insapwood were:Fusarium, Lasiodiplodia, Cladosporium, Candida, Debaryomyces and Trichoderma. At the species level, the dominant flora of endophytic fungi of heartwood was:Sporothrix lignivora, Gongronella butleri and Fusarium oxysporum; the dominant flora of endophytic fungi of sapwood was:Lasiodiplodia theobromae, yeast Debaryomyces udenii and Fusarium pseudensiforme. The results of redundancy analysis showed that pH, ash and potassium were negatively correlated with the community structure of endophytic fungi, and hot water extract, magnesium and calcium were positively correlated with most fungal communities, and negatively correlated with a small number of fungal communities. Water content, hot water extract, mineral element calcium and magnesium were positively correlated with the diversity index, such as chaol, shannon and simpson, while pH, ash and potassium were negatively correlated with them. Conclusion: Endophytic fungal population is rich in heartwood and sapwood of D. odorifera.The richness and diversity of endophytic fungi community in the heartwood arelarger than that in the sapwood. The structural differences in endophytic fungal populations in heartwood and sapwood are mainly affected by wood environmental factors, such as pH, ash and mineral element potassium. The diversity of endophytic fungi populations in heartwood and sapwood is mainly affected by environmental factors in wood, such as pH, water content, mineral elements calcium and potassium.

Key words: Dalbergia odorifera, heartwood, sapwood, high-throughput technology, endophytic fungi, community structure, diversity

中图分类号: