海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 hm2大样地幼苗物种组成及数量特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230318

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 分析海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 hm²大样地幼苗物种组成、分布及数量特征变化规律，更深入了解热带森林群落物种组成和自然更新过程，为进一步探究幼苗分布与生长的影响因素提供参考依据。方法: 在海南尖峰岭典型热带山地雨林，基于2012年建立的1块60 hm²动态监测大样地，连续7年监测其中290个样站（每个样站3个1 m²小样方）的幼苗生长规律，区分幼苗的生活型、菌根类型和物种优势度，分析其物种组成及数量动态变化特征。结果: 2013—2019年共记录到幼苗个体234种60 750株，包括4种生活型（乔木、灌木、藤本和草本）和3种菌根类型（丛枝菌根类型AM、外生菌根类型ECM、内生和外生混合类型 AM & ECM）。优势物种九节和厚壳桂幼苗广泛分布，其重要值、植株数量和出现频度均在所有物种幼苗中占据前2位。各幼苗样方物种数量分布不均匀，较大部分幼苗物种仅有稀少的植株数量。结论: 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林幼苗物种组成丰富，存在大量稀有物种，研究结果对了解时间和空间尺度上幼苗的物种组成、分布及数量特征变化以及探究其影响因素具有重要参考价值。

关键词: 海南尖峰岭, 热带山地雨林, 幼苗, 物种组成, 数量特征

Abstract:

Objective: This paper analyzed the species composition and quantitative characteristics of seedlings in a 60 hm² plot in the tropical mountain rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, in order to further understand the community species composition and the forest natural regeneration process. Method: This study was conducted in a typical tropical mountain rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan. The seedling dynamics in 290 sample stations (each with three 1 m×1 m small quadrats) in a 60 hm² plot was monitored for 7 consecutive years (from 2013 to 2019). All seedling species were classified into four life forms, and three mycorrhizal types and species dominance were distinguished respectively. Their species composition and quantitative dynamic changes were analyzed. Result: In the seven years, a total of 60 750 seedlings, belonging to 234 species, were recorded, including four life forms (tree, shrub, liana, and herb). There were three mycorrhizal types, including arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). ecto-mycorrhiza (ECM), and AM & ECM mixed type. The dominant species, Psychotria asiatica and Cryptocarya chinensis, were widely distributed, occupying the top two positions in terms of importance values, abundance and frequency among all species seedlings. The distribution number of species in each seedling station was uneven. A large part of species only had sparse seedlings. Conclusion: There are abundant species of seedlings in the tropical forests and most of them are rare. This study provides important references for understanding the dynamic changes of seedling species composition, distribution and quantity characteristics at the spatial and temporal scales, and exploring their influencing factors in the future.

Key words: Jianfengling, Hainan Island, tropical mountain rainforest, seedling, species composition, quantity characteristics

中图分类号:

S718.5

石佳竹,许涵,李艳朋,陈洁,骆土寿,林明献,李意德. 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 hm²大样地幼苗物种组成及数量特征[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(9): 33-40.

Jiazhu Shi,Han Xu,Yanpeng Li,Jie Chen,Tushou Luo,Mingxian Lin,Yide Li. Species Composition and Quantitative Characteristics of Seedlings in a 60 hm² Plot in the Tropical Mountain Rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(9): 33-40.

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生活型 Life forms	样站数 Number of sample stations	相对频度 Relative frequency (%)	相对多度 Relative abundance (%)	物种数 Number of species	幼苗植株数量 Number of seedlings
草本Herb	51b	5.6a	0.4b	4c	259d
藤本Liana	289a	31.4a	22.7b	41b	13 766c
灌木Shrub	290a	31.5a	30.2a	54b	18 318b
乔木Tree	290a	31.5a	46.7a	135a	28 407a

菌根类型 Mycorrhizal types	样站数 Number of sample stations	物种数 Number of species	幼苗植株数量 Number of seedlings	相对多度 Relative abundance (%)	相对频度 Relative frequency (%)
AM	290a	215a	58 719b	96.6a	61.7a
ECM	151b	16b	1 807b	3a	32.1a
AM & ECM	29c	3c	224b	0.4a	6.2a

物种Species	样站数 Number of sample stations	重要值 Importance value (%)	相对频度 Relative frequency (%)	相对多度 Relative abundance (%)	幼苗植株数量 Number of seedling	幼苗密度 Seedling density
九节Psychotria asiatica	269	13.65	4.22	9.43	5 750	6.61
厚壳桂Cryptocarya chinensis	266	12.84	4.17	8.67	5 263	6.05
四蕊三角瓣花Prismatomeris tetrandra	223	8.97	3.50	5.47	3 320	3.82
红鳞蒲桃Syzygium hancei	157	6.65	2.46	4.18	2 539	2.92
腺叶山矾Symplocos adenophylla	190	6.34	2.98	3.36	2 038	2.34
罗伞树Ardisia quinquegona	180	6.10	2.82	3.28	1 991	2.29
白颜树Gironniera subaequalis	200	5.31	3.14	2.17	1 317	1.51
柏拉木Blastus cochinchinensis	82	3.87	1.29	2.58	1 566	1.80
黄叶树Xanthophyllum hainanense	117	3.56	1.84	1.72	1 046	1.20
红算盘子Glochidion coccineum	125	3.53	1.96	1.57	951	1.09
小计Sub-total	—	70.81	28.39	42.42	25 781	—

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海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 hm²大样地幼苗物种组成及数量特征

Species Composition and Quantitative Characteristics of Seedlings in a 60 hm² Plot in the Tropical Mountain Rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island

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