林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (7): 175-184.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200718
荣俊冬1,凡莉莉1,陈礼光1,张迎辉2,何天友3,陈凌艳3,宋鲲鹏1,郑郁善1,*
收稿日期:
2018-12-17
出版日期:
2020-07-25
发布日期:
2020-08-11
通讯作者:
郑郁善
基金资助:
Jundong Rong1,Lili Fan1,Liguang Chen1,Yinghui Zhang2,Tianyou He3,Lingyan Chen3,Kunpeng Song1,Yushan Zheng1,*
Received:
2018-12-17
Online:
2020-07-25
Published:
2020-08-11
Contact:
Yushan Zheng
摘要:
目的: 探究不同施氮模式和施氮量对福建柏幼苗生物量分配和根系生长的影响,旨在为福建柏幼苗合理施用氮肥提供理论依据。方法: 以1年生福建柏幼苗为对象,设置平均施氮(相同间隔时间内施用等量氮素)、指数施氮(依据氮素指数添加)和对照(CK)3种处理,分析不同施氮量对福建柏幼苗根、茎和叶生物量分配及根系形态变化的影响;运用洛伦兹模型和抛物面模型拟合2种施氮模式下根系生物量与苗高、地径的生长变化关系,并通过主成分分析方法综合评价最佳施氮模式和施氮水平。结果: 在平均施氮和指数施氮模式下,氮素施入对1年生福建柏幼苗生物量均具有显著影响;2种施氮模式对生物量分配的影响程度存在差异,但根、茎和叶生物量均表现出随施氮量提高先增加后减少的变化趋势;在指数施氮模式下,福建柏幼苗的根、茎生物量高于平均施氮处理;在平均施氮和指数施氮模式下,总根长、总根表面积、总根体积、根平均直径和比根长指标均高于CK,表现出各指标均随施氮量提高先增加后减少的变化趋势,指数施氮处理下福建柏根系各形态指标均高于平均施氮处理;抛物面模型具有较高的R2(0.922~0.978)和较低的RSS(0.234~0.841),拟合结果优于洛伦兹模型,能够精确预测不同施氮处理下的根系生物量以及苗高、地径的生长变化。结论: 平均施氮和指数施氮均能促进福建柏幼苗的生物量积累和根系生长,其中指数施氮模式优于平均施氮,最佳施氮水平为每株600 mg氮素。
中图分类号:
荣俊冬,凡莉莉,陈礼光,张迎辉,何天友,陈凌艳,宋鲲鹏,郑郁善. 不同施氮模式和施氮量对福建柏幼苗生物量分配和根系生长的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(7): 175-184.
Jundong Rong,Lili Fan,Liguang Chen,Yinghui Zhang,Tianyou He,Lingyan Chen,Kunpeng Song,Yushan Zheng. Impacts on Biomass Allocation and Root Growth of Fokienia hodginsii Seedlings of Different Patterns and Quantities of Nitrogen Application[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(7): 175-184.
表1
指数施肥方案各处理每次单株施氮量"
施肥次数 Fertilizer time | 处理Treatment | ||||
E1 | E2 | E3 | E4 | E5 | |
1 | 5.21 | 7.25 | 8.57 | 9.56 | 10.36 |
2 | 5.98 | 8.75 | 10.67 | 12.17 | 13.42 |
3 | 6.88 | 10.56 | 13.28 | 15.50 | 17.39 |
4 | 7.90 | 12.75 | 16.54 | 19.73 | 22.54 |
5 | 9.07 | 15.39 | 20.59 | 25.12 | 29.21 |
6 | 10.42 | 18.58 | 25.63 | 31.99 | 37.85 |
7 | 11.98 | 22.43 | 31.91 | 40.73 | 49.04 |
8 | 13.76 | 27.07 | 39.72 | 51.85 | 63.56 |
9 | 15.81 | 32.68 | 49.45 | 66.02 | 82.36 |
10 | 18.16 | 39.45 | 61.57 | 84.05 | 106.73 |
11 | 20.86 | 47.62 | 76.64 | 107.02 | 138.31 |
12 | 23.97 | 57.48 | 95.41 | 136.25 | 179.24 |
总计Total | 150 | 300 | 450 | 600 | 750 |
表2
不同施肥模式和施氮量对福建柏单株幼苗生物量分配的影响①"
处理 Treatments | 根Root | 茎Stem | 叶Leaf | 根冠比 | 总生物量 Total biomass/g | |||||
生物量 Biomass/g | 占总生物量比例 Proportion (%) | 生物量 Biomass/g | 占总生物量比例 Proportion (%) | 生物量 Biomass/g | 占总生物量比例 Proportion (%) | |||||
CK | 0.67±0.17c | 20.76 | 0.79±0.11c | 24.46 | 1.74±0.05f | 53.87 | 0.26±0.05b | 3.23±0.09f | ||
A1 | 0.69±0.09c | 20.32 | 0.86±0.16bc | 25.52 | 1.82±0.18ef | 54.01 | 0.26±0.01b | 3.37±0.18f | ||
A2 | 0.80±0.08bc | 20.49 | 0.90±0.19bc | 22.96 | 2.23±0.21cde | 56.89 | 0.26±0.04b | 3.92±0.05de | ||
A3 | 0.96±0.14abc | 22.71 | 0.93±0.08bc | 22.20 | 2.31±0.19bcd | 55.07 | 0.30±0.02b | 4.19±0.01c | ||
A4 | 1.08±0.15ab | 22.45 | 1.24±0.16bc | 25.78 | 2.48±0.21ab | 51.56 | 0.29±0.02ab | 4.81±0.20b | ||
A5 | 1.02±0.31abc | 21.82 | 1.10±0.29bc | 23.38 | 2.57±0.21abc | 54.80 | 0.28±0.12ab | 4.69±0.20b | ||
E1 | 0.78±0.05bc | 20.96 | 0.89±0.04bc | 23.80 | 2.06±0.11def | 55.08 | 0.26±0.02b | 3.74±0.10e | ||
E2 | 0.90±0.25bc | 22.40 | 0.93±0.20bc | 22.26 | 2.17±0.18bcde | 55.35 | 0.29±0.03b | 4.00±0.11cd | ||
E3 | 1.05±0.19ab | 22.87 | 1.28±0.20bc | 27.00 | 2.41±0.17ab | 50.84 | 0.28±0.04ab | 4.74±0.22b | ||
E4 | 1.17±0.23a | 23.14 | 1.39±0.11a | 27.42 | 2.51±0.19a | 50.51 | 0.30±0.05ab | 5.07±0.14a | ||
E5 | 1.05±0.05ab | 22.26 | 1.22±0.20ab | 25.79 | 2.46±0.26abc | 52.01 | 0.29±0.02b | 4.73±0.03b |
表3
不同施肥模式和施氮量对福建柏单株幼苗根系形态特征的影响"
处理 Treatments | 总根长 Total root length/cm | 总根表面积 Total surface area/cm2 | 总根体积 Total volume of root/cm3 | 根平均直径 Root average diameter/cm | 比根长 Specific root length/(m·g-1) |
CK | 482.32±7.98g | 105.13±0.72g | 1.93±0.11f | 0.58±0.02e | 7.20±0.08cd |
A1 | 524.27±15.67fg | 113.04±4.25fg | 2.07±0.21f | 0.64±0.01d | 7.60±0.11cd |
A2 | 572.59±18.95f | 131.82±4.20e | 2.19±0.06ef | 0.66±0.02cd | 7.16±0.24bc |
A3 | 774.67±16.63d | 141.70±5.94 | 2.42±0.17e | 0.69±0.03bc | 8.07±0.05bc |
A4 | 903.65±43.46bc | 186.78±7.33b | 3.30±0.14ab | 0.72±0.03b | 8.37±0.35ab |
A5 | 788.22±12.27d | 161.80±6.87c | 2.72±0.05d | 0.68±0.01bcd | 7.73±0.12d |
E1 | 622.53±21.19e | 119.65±5.17f | 2.15±0.18f | 0.66±0.02cd | 7.98±0.16bc |
E2 | 770.27±4.37d | 164.92±10.65c | 2.77±0.11d | 0.67±0.03cd | 8.56±0.05bc |
E3 | 937.34±34.07b | 181.66±4.88b | 2.94±0.21d | 0.70±0.03b | 8.93±0.24bc |
E4 | 1 083.43±69.19a | 196.92±1.20a | 3.37±0.08a | 0.80±0.01a | 9.26±0.31ab |
E5 | 856.21±4.84c | 182.20±2.98b | 3.08±0.16bc | 0.71±0.02b | 8.15±0.09a |
表4
福建柏单株幼苗生物量和根系形态指标的相关性分析①"
指标 Index | 根生物量 Root biomass | 地上生物量 Above ground biomass | 总生物量 Total biomass | 根冠比 Root shoot ratio | 总根长 Total root length | 总根表面积 Total surface area | 总根体积 Total volume of root | 根平均直径 Root average diameter | 比根长 Specific root length |
根生物量Root biomass | 1 | ||||||||
地上生物量 Above ground biomass | 0.977** | 1 | |||||||
总生物量Total biomass | 0.987** | 0.998** | 1 | ||||||
根冠比Root shoot ratio | 0.840** | 0.706* | 0.744** | 1 | |||||
总根长Total root length | 0.974** | 0.928** | 0.945** | 0.867** | 1 | ||||
总根表面积Total surface area | 0.960** | 0.940** | 0.951** | 0.800** | 0.957** | 1 | |||
总根体积Total volume of root | 0.948** | 0.918** | 0.932** | 0.806** | 0.950** | 0.987** | 1 | ||
根系平均直径 Root average diameter | 0.901** | 0.877** | 0.887** | 0.740** | 0.924** | 0.863** | 0.872** | 1 | |
比根长Specific root length | 0.778** | 0.692* | 0.721* | 0.807** | 0.896** | 0.811** | 0.809** | 0.812** | 1 |
表5
洛伦兹模型和抛物面模型对福建柏单株幼苗根系生物量及苗高、地径的拟合"
处理 Treatment | 拟合模型 Fitting model | R2 | RSS | |
洛伦兹模型 Lorentzian model | CK | 0.844 | 0.818 | |
A1 | 0.790 | 0.840 | ||
A2 | 0.836 | 1.522 | ||
A3 | 0.845 | 1.384 | ||
A4 | 0.828 | 1.657 | ||
A5 | 0.809 | 1.318 | ||
E1 | 0.805 | 1.126 | ||
E2 | 0.808 | 1.707 | ||
E3 | 0.844 | 2.231 | ||
E4 | 0.861 | 2.446 | ||
E5 | 0.869 | 1.965 | ||
抛物面模型 Paraboloid model | CK | M= -9.296-0.775D + 0.424H-0.057D2 + 0.016H2 | 0.965 | 0.819 |
A1 | M= -14.268-0.207D + 7.937H-1.325D2 + 0.003H2 | 0.922 | 0.841 | |
A2 | M= -5.12-0.090D + 2.753H-0.444D2 + 0.001H2 | 0.964 | 0.597 | |
A3 | M= 11.384-0.586D-1.923H + 0.285D2 + 0.012H2 | 0.979 | 0.749 | |
A4 | M= 1.243-0.378D + 2.944H-0.474D2 + 0.007H2 | 0.947 | 0.658 | |
A5 | M= -11.156 + 0.973D-1.365H + 0.158D2-0.016H2 | 0.950 | 0.322 | |
E1 | M= -3.425-0.143D + 3.637H-0.574D2 + 0.003H2 | 0.935 | 0.127 | |
E2 | M= -4.291 + 0.528D-1.532H + 0.264D2-0.009H2 | 0.946 | 0.708 | |
E3 | M= 8.37-0.476D-0.802H + 0.143D2 + 0.009H2 | 0.978 | 0.234 | |
E4 | M= 5.912-0.267D-0.719H + 0.114D2 + 0.005H2 | 0.970 | 0.449 | |
E5 | M= -10.551 + 0.086D + 5.908H-0.902D2-0.001H2 | 0.962 | 0.465 |
表6
不同施氮模式和施氮量对福建柏单株幼苗生物量和根系形态指标的主成分分析"
成分 Composition | 根生物量 Root biomass | 地上生物量 Above ground biomass | 总生物量 Total biomass | 根冠比 Root shoot ratio | 总根长 Total root length | 总根表面积 Total surface area | 总根体积 Total volume of root | 根平均直径 Root average diameter | 比根长 Specific root length | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate(%) | 累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate(%) |
1 | 0.987 | 0.950 | 0.965 | 0.858 | 0.994 | 0.976 | 0.970 | 0.928 | 0.859 | 8.022 | 89.133 | 89.133 |
2 | -0.110 | -0.298 | -0.248 | 0.377 | 0.070 | -0.075 | -0.047 | -0.014 | 0.431 | 0.503 | 5.589 | 94.721 |
3 | -0.090 | -0.009 | -0.029 | -0.325 | 0.033 | -0.038 | -0.031 | 0.258 | 0.232 | 0.239 | 2.653 | 97.374 |
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