林业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (7): 32-42.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220704
胡同欣1,杨艺璇1,2,孙龙1,高传宇2,*
收稿日期:
2021-08-03
出版日期:
2022-07-25
发布日期:
2022-11-03
通讯作者:
高传宇
基金资助:
Tongxin Hu1,Yixuan Yang1,2,Long Sun1,Chuanyu Gao2,*
Received:
2021-08-03
Online:
2022-07-25
Published:
2022-11-03
Contact:
Chuanyu Gao
摘要:
目的: 在大兴安岭地区探究兴安落叶松林及白桦林下种植大球盖菇对枯落物层燃烧性的影响, 寻求森林防火与林下经济的结合方法。方法: 在森林防火期后, 2020年6月在松岭林业局壮志林场的兴安落叶松林及白桦林内分别设置1块2 500 m2样地, 在这两种森林样地(共2块, 郁闭度0.7左右)中分别布设12个70 cm×70 cm样方。以枯落物为栽培基质进行大球盖菇种植, 以每个样方栽植的菌袋数设置CK(0袋)、低(2袋)、中(4袋)、高(6袋)4种密度; 采菇后收集样地内枯落物带回实验室进行热重试验, 测定热值、燃点, 分析综纤维素及木质素的热失重比例、失重率特性指标以及热解动力学特征等热重指标, 计算并对比可燃性指数及综合燃烧性的差异。结果: 兴安落叶松林枯落物的综纤维素活化能和热值均随大球盖菇种植密度增加而降低, 在中、高密度下较低, 其中综纤维素活化能分别降低了36.39%和35.07%, 热值分别降低了74.21%和76.81%。白桦林枯落物的综纤维素活化能虽然在中、高密度种植下也显著(P < 0.05)降低, 但在低密度种植时最低, 降低了32.97%; 热值的变化趋势与兴安落叶松林相同, 仍是中、高密度下较低, 分别降低了78.75%和72.07%。结论: 在兴安落叶松林及白桦林下种植大球盖菇可以降低枯落物综合燃烧性指数, 降低幅度较大的是中、高密度种植, 兴安落叶松林枯落物在中、高密度种植下综合燃烧性指数分别降低86.74%和87.51%, 白桦林枯落物在中、高密度种植下综合燃烧性指数分别降低93.63%、91.52%。未来研究中可继续探索防火效益与种菇收益均好的种植密度。
中图分类号:
胡同欣,杨艺璇,孙龙,高传宇. 兴安落叶松林和白桦林下种植大球盖菇对枯落物层燃烧性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(7): 32-42.
Tongxin Hu,Yixuan Yang,Long Sun,Chuanyu Gao. Effects of Planting Stropharia rugosoannulata under Larix gmelinii and Betula platyphylla Forests on the Flammability of Litter Layer[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(7): 32-42.
表1
样地基本信息"
林分类型 Forest type | 林龄 Stand age | 树高 Tree height/m | DBH/cm | 枯落层厚度 Litter layer thickness/cm | 相对含水率 Relative moisture content(%) | 郁闭度 Canopy density |
兴安落叶松林 Larix gmelinii forest | 中龄林 Middle-aged forest | 10.03±4.51 | 10.71±5.12 | 3.92±0.90 | 30.59±0.71 | 0.7 |
白桦林 Betula platyphylla forest | 中龄林 Middle-aged forest | 9.52±3.93 | 10.98±4.54 | 3.25±0.61 | 31.08±0.43 | 0.7 |
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