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林业科学 ›› 1999, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 51-57.

• 论文及研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

40种乔木8种灌木燃烧性的R-Ⅲ方程计算与分类

张景群,王得祥   

  1. 西北林学院 杨陵 712100
  • 收稿日期:1998-06-20 出版日期:1999-07-25 发布日期:1999-07-25

APPLICATION OF R-Ⅲ EQUATION IN THE COMBUSITION CALCULATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF 40 KINDS OF TREES AND 8 SHRUBS

Jingqun Zhang,Dexiang Wang   

  1. Northwest Forestry Collage Yangling712100
  • Received:1998-06-20 Online:1999-07-25 Published:1999-07-25

摘要:

应用包含发热量、含水率、燃点和水分蒸发力4个因子的R-Ⅲ方程,对40种乔木, 8种灌木鲜可燃物完全燃烧的净放热量进行计算并分类表明,燃烧性强(净放热量>5822 kJ)的植物有16种,燃烧性中等(净放热量为3590~5822 kJ)的有19种,燃烧性差(净放热量>3590 kJ的有13种。燃烧性差的植物是山杨(P.davidiana),青榨槭(A.davidii)、光皮桦(B.luminfera)、青(P.wilsonii)、漆树(R.verniciflua)、旱柳(S.matsudana)、化香(P.strobilacea)、毛白杨(P.tomentosa)、山楂(C.prinnatifida)、山桐子(I.polycarpa)、核桃(J.regia)、白玉兰(M.denudata)、女贞(L.lucidum),以上树种可作为防火林带的备选树种。

关键词: 乔木, 灌木, 燃烧性, R-Ⅲ方程, 分类

Abstract:

A new R-Ⅱequation infered from the heat equation of prerignition int roduced by Rothermel(1972), was given as follows:△Q=H(1-Mf)-4.1816MfTb-2256.68kMf - 1.599△Tg(1-Mf) where△Q-Net heat value released per kg of fresh fuels; △Tb-Difference between 100 ℃ and atmo-spheric temperature; △Tg-Difference between fuel ignition temperature and atmospheric tempe rature; H-Gross caloric value of fuels; Mf-Moisture content of fuels; k-Ratio of the evaporation capabilty of pure water to that of the water contained in different fuels. Our equation was used to calculate and classify the aloric value by fuels made from 40 kinds of trees and 8 shrubs. The ca lculated net heat values provide an important index for the evaluation of trees resistance to fire. According to the R-Ⅲ equation, the combustion of all woody plants studied can be classified into 3groupe more resistant plants (3590 kJ, 13 spedies), moderately resistant plants(3590 ~ 5822 kJ, 19 species), and poorly resistant plants(> 5822 kJ, 16 species). The species with the lowest combustion values such as Idesia polycarpa, Cratagus pinnatifida, Poqpulus davidiana, Acea davidi, Ligustrum lucidum, Betula luminifera, Populus tomentosa, Juglans regia, Magnolia denudata, Picea wilsoni, Salix matsudana, Plantycaryar strobilacea, Rhus verniciflua, can be selected for use as fire resistant tree plants.

Key words: Tree, Shrub, Combustion, R-Ⅲ equation, Classification