印度梨形孢与杜鹃共生体系建立及提高抗旱性效应

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230202

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 从印度梨形孢入手，建立印度梨形孢与杜鹃共生体系，为提高现有园林绿化杜鹃的抗旱性提供新思路。方法: 采用国内园林绿地常用锦绣杜鹃品种‘紫蝴蝶’，持续浇灌印度梨形孢菌液6次，共计30天，建立印度梨形孢与杜鹃共生体系，探究定殖印度梨形孢的杜鹃植株形态结构变化，评价印度梨形孢对杜鹃抗旱性的作用及部分相关生理生化指标的变化。结果: 浇灌印度梨形孢菌液4次（第20天）后发现印度梨形孢已逐步定殖于杜鹃根系，浇灌5、6次（第25、30天）后的定殖率分别达91.67%、100%。定殖30天后的杜鹃叶片鲜质量、干质量、叶面积增大，叶片解剖结构的上、下表皮厚度减小，栅栏组织与栅海比增大，叶片结构更紧密，根细胞截面积增大。随着干旱胁迫时间延长，定殖印度梨形孢的杜鹃生长状态较好，干旱胁迫20天后存活率高，叶片相对电导率、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性随干旱时间延长的差异不显著，半致死时间显著延长，受胁迫程度轻，抗旱性显著增强。结论: 锦绣杜鹃能与印度梨形孢建立互利共生关系，从而提高其对干旱胁迫的抗性。印度梨形孢可作为提高园林绿化植物杜鹃抗旱性的一种菌剂进行应用。

关键词: 杜鹃, 印度梨形孢, 类菌根真菌, 共生, 抗旱性

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to establish a symbiotic system between Piriformospora indica and Rhododendron, in order to provide new ideas for improving the drought resistance of existing landscaping Rhododendrons. Method: A Rhododendron pulchrum cultivar, ‘Purple Butterfly’, commonly used in Chinese gardens was continuously irrigated with P. indica liquid for 6 times in a total of 30 days. A symbiotic system of P. indica and Rhododendron was established. The morphological and structural changes of Rhododendron plants colonized with P. indica were investigated, and the effects of P. indica on the drought resistance of Rhododendron and some related physiological and biochemical indexes were evaluated. Result: P. indica gradually colonized the Rhododendron root system after being irrigated with P. indica liquid for 4 times (on the 20^th d). The colonization rate reached 91.67% after being irrigated with P. indica liquid for 5 times (on the 25^th d) and 100% after being irrigated with P. indica liquid for 6 times (on the 30^th d). After 30 days of colonization, the fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area increased, the thickness of the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves decreased, the ratio of palisade tissue to mesophyll increased, leaf architecture became more compact and root cell area increased. With extension of drought stress time, the growth status of Rhododendrons colonized with P. indica was improved. After 20 days of drought stress, the survival rate was high. There were no significant differences in relative electrical conductivity, proline content, malondialdehyde content, and superoxide dismutase activity of leaves with the extension of drought time. The half lethal time was significantly prolonged, and the degree of stress was light. The drought resistance was significantly enhanced. Conclusion: R. pulchrum can establish a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship with P. indica, thereby improving its resistance to drought stress. It is believed that P. indica can be used as a microbial agent to improve the drought resistance of Rhododendron.

Key words: Rhododendron, Piriformospora indica, mycorrhizal-like fungus, symbiosis, drought resistance

中图分类号:

S685.21

樊玥,罗培润,王威,谢倩,陈清西. 印度梨形孢与杜鹃共生体系建立及提高抗旱性效应[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(1): 93-102.

Yue Fan,Peirun Luo,Wei Wang,Qian Xie,Qingxi Chen. Establishment of Symbiotic System of Piriformospora indica and Rhododendron and Its Effect on Improving Drought Resistance[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(1): 93-102.

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等级 Grade	叶片生长情况 Leaf growth
0	生长状态良好，无萎蔫现象出现 The growth state is good, no wilting phenomenon appears.
1	幼叶反卷，10%以下叶片出现萎蔫、下垂、皱缩现象 The young leaves rolled back, leaves below 10% appear wilting, drooping and shrinking.
2	幼叶反卷，10%~29%以下叶片出现萎蔫、下垂、皱缩现象 The young leaves rolled back, leaves below 10%-29% appear wilting, drooping and shrinking.
3	幼叶反卷，30%~59%以下叶片出现萎蔫、下垂、皱缩现象 The young leaves rolled back, leaves below 30%-59% appear wilting, drooping and shrinking.
4	幼叶反卷，60%以上叶片出现萎蔫、下垂、皱缩现象 The young leaves rolled back, more than 60% leaves appear wilting, drooping and shrinking.

组别 Group	拟合方程 Logistic equation	确定系数 R²	半致死天数 LT₅₀/d
CK	y₁=?1.236t+10.492	0.913	8.49
Pi	y₁=?0.276t+11.405	0.803	41.32

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