基于激光雷达数据的塔里木河下游胡杨种群空间分布格局和种内竞争关系

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220586

林业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 31-39.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220586

基于激光雷达数据的塔里木河下游胡杨种群空间分布格局和种内竞争关系

艾萨迪拉·玉苏甫^1,²(),玉米提·哈力克^1,*,巴比尔江·迪力夏提³,雷诚³,魏建新³,阿不都拉·阿不力孜⁴,崔健泺¹,何熙祥¹

1. 新疆大学生态与环境学院/绿洲生态教育部重点实验室　乌鲁木齐830017
2. 北京大学城市与环境学院生态研究中心　北京 100871
3. 新疆激光雷达应用工程技术研究中心　乌鲁木齐 830002
4. 新疆大学旅游学院　乌鲁木齐 830046

收稿日期:2022-08-21 出版日期:2024-04-25 发布日期:2024-05-23
通讯作者: 玉米提·哈力克 E-mail:asadilla@xju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“多重胁迫下胡杨林衰退及个体死亡驱动机制研究”（32260285）；国家自然科学基金项目“林窗干扰对胡杨荒漠河岸林更新与演替的影响”（31860134）；第三次新疆综合科学考察项目“空天地网一体化综合科考监测体系建设”（2021xjkk1400）。

Spatial Distribution Pattern and Intraspecific Competition of Populus euphratica Population in the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River Based on LiDAR Data

Yusup Asadilla^1,²(),Halik Ümüt^1,*,Dilixiati Babierjiang³,Cheng Lei³,Jianxin Wei³,Abliz Abdulla⁴,Jianluo Cui¹,Xixiang He¹

1. College of Ecology and Environment/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University　ürümqi 830017
2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Peking University　Beijing 100871
3. Xinjiang Laser Radar Engineering Technology Center　ürümqi 830002
4. College of Tourism, Xinjiang University　ürümqi 830046

Received:2022-08-21 Online:2024-04-25 Published:2024-05-23
Contact: Halik ümüt E-mail:asadilla@xju.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 分析胡杨种群在干旱区不同地下水埋深梯度下的空间分布格局及种内竞争强度变化，探究种群空间结构对干旱环境的响应特征。方法: 在塔里木河下游3个断面处离河道1 000 m的范围内等距离布设15个50 m×50 m天然胡杨林样地，利用地面激光雷达（TLS）获取树木三维结构数据，并通过聚集指数（R）、丛生指数（I）、点格局函数g(r)等空间分布指标以及竞争指数（CI），分析空间分布格局和种内竞争强度。结果: 1）R和I指数表明，在下游不同地下水埋深梯度下，胡杨种群空间分布格局整体上呈聚集分布。2）各样地内在0~25 m半径r距离获取的g(r)函数值分析表明，大部分样地胡杨在r< 5 m距离内基本呈现聚集分布格局，在r>5 m距离呈随机分布格局。随着地下水埋深增加，树木聚集分布的距离r会缩小。3）点格局函数g₁₂(r)结果表明，不同龄级胡杨树分布格局存在差异，中龄树主要呈聚集分布，其他龄级树呈随机分布；中龄树与幼龄树、成熟树之间存在正关联性，表现出相互促进关系，而其他龄级树木之间未呈现显著关联性。4）平均CI指数随离河道距离增大呈递减趋势，单木CI随胸径增大逐渐递减。结论: 塔里木河下游胡杨种群在小尺度上呈聚集分布格局，随着尺度的增加主要呈现随机分布特征。随离河道距离增大和地下水位逐步降低，导致树木密度降低和种内平均竞争强度变弱，树木呈衰退趋势。

关键词: 胡杨, 地面激光雷达, 空间分布格局, 种内关联性, 竞争强度

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution pattern and intraspecific competition intensity variation of Populus euphratica tree populations under different groundwater depth levels in arid regions, and explore the response characteristics of population spatial structure to the arid environmental condition. Method: Fifteen plots of 50 m × 50 m in a natural P. euphratica forest were set up at equal distances within a range of 1 000 m away from the river channel at three cross-sections in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. The terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technique was used to acquire the three-dimensional structural parameters of trees in the plots. The spatial distribution indicators such as aggregation index (R), David-moor clustering index (I), point pattern function g(r), and competition index (CI) were used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern and intraspecific competition intensity. Result: 1) The R and I indices indicated that P. euphratica population structure mainly showed aggregated patterns at the different groundwater levels in the study area. 2) The analysis of the g(r) function values obtained from the radius (r) distance of 0–25 m away from a tree in various plots showed that most of the plots exhibited an aggregated distribution pattern within r < 5 m distance, and changed to random distribution pattern with r > 5 m. With the increase in groundwater depth, the tree's aggregation distance r will decreased. 3) The analysis results of the point pattern function g₁₂(r) indicated that there were differences in their distribution patterns among different age-class trees. Middle-aged trees mainly showed an aggregated pattern, while other age-class trees showed a random distribution pattern. There was a positive correlation between middle-aged trees and young or mature trees, showing a mutually promoting relationship, while trees of other age classes did not show significant correlations. 4) The average CI index showed a decreasing trend with the increase of distance from the river channel, and the individual tree CI decreased with the increase of DBH. Conclusion: P. euphratica population in the lower reaches of the Tarim River shows an aggregated distribution pattern at small observation scales and however exhibits to a random distribution pattern characteristics with the increase of scale. As the distance from the river increases and the groundwater level gradually decreases, the stand density decreases and the average competition intensity within the species weakens, resulting in a declining trend of trees.

Key words: Populus euphratica, terrestrial laser scanning, spatial distribution pattern, intraspecific association, competitive intensity

中图分类号:

Q145

艾萨迪拉·玉苏甫,玉米提·哈力克,巴比尔江·迪力夏提,雷诚,魏建新,阿不都拉·阿不力孜,崔健泺,何熙祥. 基于激光雷达数据的塔里木河下游胡杨种群空间分布格局和种内竞争关系[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(4): 31-39.

Yusup Asadilla,Halik Ümüt,Dilixiati Babierjiang,Cheng Lei,Jianxin Wei,Abliz Abdulla,Jianluo Cui,Xixiang He. Spatial Distribution Pattern and Intraspecific Competition of Populus euphratica Population in the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River Based on LiDAR Data[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(4): 31-39.

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河段 River section	样地 Plot	株数 Trees	聚集指数 Aggregation index	z值 z-value	格局类型 Distribution pattern	丛生指数 Cluster index	t值 t-value	格局类型 Distribution pattern
英苏 Yingsu	A1	83	1.23	4.09^**	U	1.80	1.65	A
	A2	54	0.98	?0.27	R	2.20	2.24^*	A
	A3	78	0.89	?1.72	A	1.70	1.52	A
	A4	46	1.03	0.46	R	1.40	0.69	A
	A5	22	1.19	1.78	R	1.40	0.59	A
阿拉干 Arghan	B1	100	1.00	0.04	R	3.14	4.77^**	A
	B2	73	0.56	?7.03^**	A	2.27	2.62^*	A
	B3	76	0.94	?0.89	R	1.09	0.19	R
	B4	66	0.94	0.84	R	1.75	1.51	A
	B5	44	0.87	?1.64	R	2.01	1.83^*	A
依干布吉玛 Iganbujima	C1	110	0.93	?1.27	R	3.00	3.45^**	A
	C2	48	0.51	?6.30^**	A	4.00	4.93^**	A
	C3	33	0.88	?1.25	R	1.00	0.43	R
	C4	31	0.60	?4.19^**	A	3.00	2.86^**	A
	C5	18	0.55	?4.62^**	A	1.20	2.45^*	A

样地 Plots	幼龄树 Young trees			中龄树 Middle age trees			成熟龄树 Mature trees			老龄树 Old trees
样地 Plots	比例 Ratio (%)	g(r)	格局 Pattern	比例 Ratio (%)	g(r)	格局 Pattern	比例 Ratio (%)	g(r)	格局 Pattern	比例 Ratio (%)	g(r)	格局 Pattern
A1	11	8.5	A	30	2.2	R	38	2.1	R	21	3.3	R
A2	20	6.3	R	26	3.1	R	13	3.4	R	12	5.4	R
A3	23	2.5	R	63	4.8	A	11	4.6	R	3	—	—
A4	24	4.8	R	41	4.9	R	26	2.5	R	9	0.4	R
A5	14	17.4	R	23	16.7	R	32	7.8	R	32	2.7	R
B1	26	2.8	R	58	3.5	A	14	2.4	R	2	10.6	R
B2	5	27.9	R	70	10.1	A	19	8.4	R	5	14.1	R
B3	16	4.8	R	55	3.8	A	22	3.6	R	7	8.2	R
B4	13	3.7	R	68	3.2	R	18	4.8	R	1	—	—
B5	32	3.8	R	18	26.3	R	23	2.6	R	27	4.8	R
C1	43	2.1	R	45	2.6	A	5	4.9	R	6	8	R
C2	9	54.2	A	34	9.2	A	55	9.5	A	2	—	—
C3	9	11.1	R	45	3.4	R	18	3.7	R	27	1.6	R
C4	10	22.3	R	35	7.8	R	23	16.1	R	32	8.6	A
C5	6	18.2	R	42	4.5	A	26	11.7	R	26	1.7	R

样地 Plots	幼龄-中龄 Young-Middle		幼龄-成熟龄 Young-Mature		幼龄-老龄 Young-Old		中龄-成熟龄 Middle-Matures		中龄-老龄 Middle-Old		成熟龄-老龄 Mature- Old
样地 Plots	g₁₂(r)	关联性 Association	g₁₂(r)	关联性 Association	g₁₂(r)	关联性 Association	g₁₂(r)	关联性 Association	g₁₂(r)	关联性 Association	g₁₂(r)	关联性 Association
A1	3.9	+	1.5	?	3.4	?	1.8	?	1.5	?	1.8	?
A2	3.5	?	5.6	?	2.7	?	9.5	+	2.9	?	1.9	?
A3	2.7	?	2.1	?	?	?	2.2	?	?	?	?	?
A4	1.9	?	2.3	?	0.2	?	4.1	+	4.2	?	3.2	?
A5	3.2	?	6.5	+	3.6	?	8.1	+	4.1	?	5.6	?
B1	3.1	+	1.7	?	2.5	?	1.8	?	2.8	?	3.5	?
B2	9.2	+	11.6	+	0.1	?	2.5	?	7.8	?	2.4	?
B3	1.4	?	3.2	?	2.8	?	2.1	?	1.6	?	1.9	?
B4	3.5	?	5.8	?	?	?	3.6	+	?	?	?	?
B5	3.1	?	5.5	?	3.4	?	3.8	?	7.5	?	4.6	?
C1	1.6	?	1.1	?	0.9	?	2.5	?	1.9	?	?	?
C2	6.3	+	2.6	?	?	?	6.8	+	?	?	?	?
C3	2.8	?	2.6	?	4.4	?	3.2	?	1.2	?	2.7	?
C4	5.8	?	5.9	?	1.1	?	3.9	+	2.8	?	4.2	?
C5	4.2	?	3.5	?	2.6	?	3.4	?	6.5	?	3.4	?

样地 Plots	A1	A2	A3	A4	A5
CI	0.034	0.031	0.028	0.016	0.010
样地 Plots	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5
CI	0.053	0.036	0.026	0.1081	0.030
样地 Plots	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5
CI	0.042	0.023	0.006	0.014	0.008

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