林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 41-52.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20201105
房丽莎1,徐自恒1,刘震1,李志1,耿晓东1,蔡齐飞1,翟雯婧1,周海清2,王艳梅1,*
收稿日期:
2020-03-22
出版日期:
2020-11-25
发布日期:
2020-12-30
通讯作者:
王艳梅
基金资助:
Lisha Fang1,Ziheng Xu1,Zhen Liu1,Zhi Li1,Xiaodong Geng1,Qifei Cai1,Wenjing Zhai1,Haiqing Zhou2,Yanmei Wang1,*
Received:
2020-03-22
Online:
2020-11-25
Published:
2020-12-30
Contact:
Yanmei Wang
摘要:
目的: 探讨山桐子果实生长发育过程中内含物、内源激素和光合特性的动态变化规律,为进一步研究山桐子果实发育机制及调控技术提供参考。方法: 以成都种源山桐子为研究对象,测定果实不同发育时期的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、MDA含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量;利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA3)及玉米素核苷(ZR)的含量;利用LCpro-SD便携式光合仪测定植物的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)。结果: 1)在山桐子果实发育的过程中,SOD和POD活性整体呈"下降-上升"趋势;CAT活性呈"上升-下降"趋势;MDA含量呈上升趋势;可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量呈"上升-下降"趋势。2)ABA含量在果实颜色变化期和成熟期迅速升高,GA3含量整体呈上升的趋势;IAA含量在果实快速生长期较高;ZR含量在果实快速生长期和成熟期均较高;ABA、GA3、ZR与可溶性蛋白呈显著正相关。3)在果实不同发育阶段,Pn日变化呈不对称的双峰变化趋势,有明显的"光合午休"现象,且在生长缓慢期Pn达到最高;果实发育各阶段的光响应曲线趋势相似,在果实生长缓慢期最大净光合速率(Pnmax)最高,暗呼吸速率(Rd)和光补偿点(LCP)最低;LCP与ABA、GA3、ZR呈显著正相关;CO2响应曲线表明,在果实生长缓慢期有较高的Pnmax和CO2饱和点(CSP)以及较低的CO2补偿点(CCP)和光呼吸速率(Rp)。结论: 山桐子果实不同发育时期中的抗氧化酶、ABA、IAA、GA3和ZR含量的动态变化与果实的发育规律相吻合,对果实的发育进程起积极的调控作用。在山桐子的生长缓慢期有较大的光能和CO2利用范围以及相对高的净光合速率,但此时高温干旱,Gs增加,Tr也达到最高,应进行及时灌溉,以便维持较高的光合速率,为山桐子提供更多的光合产物来保证果实的优良品质。
中图分类号:
房丽莎,徐自恒,刘震,李志,耿晓东,蔡齐飞,翟雯婧,周海清,王艳梅. 山桐子果实发育过程中内含物、内源激素及光合特性的变化[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(11): 41-52.
Lisha Fang,Ziheng Xu,Zhen Liu,Zhi Li,Xiaodong Geng,Qifei Cai,Wenjing Zhai,Haiqing Zhou,Yanmei Wang. Changes of Contents, Endogenous Hormones and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Idesia polycarpa Fruit at the Different Developmental Stages[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(11): 41-52.
表1
山桐子果实发育不同阶段光响应曲线特征参数①"
果实发育时期 The stages of fruit development | 初始量子效率α | 最大净光合速率 Pnmax /(μmol·m-2s-1) | 光饱和点 LSP /(μmol·m-2s-1) | 光补偿点 LCP /(μmol·m-2s-1) | 暗呼吸速率 Rd |
Ⅰ | 0.05±0.001c | 7.60±0.32b | 1 334.14±86.61ab | 13.35±6.35a | 0.72±0.34ab |
Ⅱ | 0.04±0.005ab | 10.11±0.32c | 1 484.92±51.79b | 9.44±0.25a | 0.17±0.02a |
Ⅲ | 0.08±0.012c | 5.58±0.60a | 1 252.47±153.92ab | 67.30±4.95b | 3.68±0.33d |
Ⅳ | 0.025±0.007a | 5.27±0.26a | 1 079.29±6.71a | 62.22±1.22b | 1.33±0.31c |
表2
山桐子果实发育不同阶段CO2响应曲线特征参数"
果实发育时期 The stages of fruit development | 羧化速率CE | 最大净光合速率 Pnmax /(μmol·m-2s-1) | CO2饱和点 CSP /(μmol·m-2s-1) | CO2补偿点 CCP /(μmol·m-2s-1) | 光呼吸速率 Rp |
Ⅰ | 0.06±0.015a | 32.77±1.62c | 1663.60±160.23a | 35.41±3.95a | 2.02±0.27a |
Ⅱ | 0.06±0.006a | 37.01±1.77c | 1535.72±8.57a | 30.90±2.21a | 1.88±0.30a |
Ⅲ | 0.05±0.006a | 18.47±1.86b | 1404.90±117.90a | 82.48±14.31b | 3.69±0.17b |
Ⅳ | 0.13±0.030b | 9.52±0.54a | 1422.77±38.82a | 155.51±40.20c | 10.72±0.40c |
表3
山桐子不同发育时期内含物、内源激素及光合参数相关性①"
指标 Index | ABA | GA3 | IAA | ZR | LSP | LCP | Pn | Rd | α | POD | SOD | CAT | MDA | 可溶性糖 Soluble suger | 可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein |
ABA | 1 | 0.93 | -0.747 | 0.994** | -0.871 | 0.981* | -0.913 | 0.69 | -0.103 | 0.266 | -0.11 | 0.506 | 0.895 | 0.797 | 0.962* |
GA3 | 1 | -0.703 | 0.960* | -0.803 | 0.975* | -0.932 | 0.896 | 0.268 | 0.179 | -0.213 | 0.423 | 0.955* | 0.871 | 0.956* | |
IAA | 1 | -0.712 | 0.323 | -0.798 | 0.462 | 0.675 | -0.019 | 0.435 | 0.719 | -0.942 | -0.873 | -0.93 | -0.866 | ||
ZR | 1 | -0.888 | 0.987* | -0.947 | 0.743 | -0.011 | 0.292 | -0.092 | 0.449 | 0.908 | 0.803 | 0.962* | |||
LSP | 1 | -0.805 | 0.958* | -0.483 | 0.16 | -0.7 | -0.375 | -0.023 | -0.628 | -0.447 | -0.729 | ||||
LCP | 1 | -0.903 | 0.816 | 0.08 | 0.141 | -0.248 | 0.553 | 0.963* | 0.888 | 0.992** | |||||
Pn | 1 | -0.713 | -0.092 | -0.522 | -0.153 | -0.144 | -0.793 | -0.641 | -0.843 | ||||||
Rd | 1 | 0.636 | -0.149 | -0.489 | 0.444 | 0.912 | 0.899 | 0.825 | |||||||
α | 1 | -0.313 | -0.39 | -0.087 | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.089 | ||||||||
POD | 1 | 0.923 | -0.648 | -0.104 | -0.317 | 0.021 | |||||||||
SOD | 1 | -0.824 | -0.479 | -0.658 | -0.36 | ||||||||||
CAT | 1 | 0.662 | 0.776 | 0.649 | |||||||||||
MDA | 1 | 1.976* | 0.980* | ||||||||||||
可溶性糖 Soluble suger | 1 | 0.931 | |||||||||||||
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein | 1 |
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