欢迎访问林业科学,今天是

林业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 54-62.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20190807

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同移栽时期对‘凤丹’牡丹植株生长效应及其综合评价

刘春洋1, 史田1, 史国安1, 杨林菲2, 范学峰2, 高双成1, 张改娜1   

  1. 1. 河南科技大学牡丹学院 洛阳市牡丹生物学重点实验室 牡丹种质创新与精深加工河南省工程实验室 洛阳 471003;
    2. 洛阳市气象局 洛阳 471023
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-23 修回日期:2019-05-19 发布日期:2019-09-05
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31372098);河南省自然科学基金项目(162300410075);河南省科技攻关重点项目(142102110124);河南省气象局科技攻关项目(Z201622)。

Effects of Different Transplanting Periods on Growth of Tree Peony ‘Fengdan’ Seedlings and the Comprehensive Evaluation

Liu Chunyang1, Shi Tian1, Shi Guo1, Yang Linfei2, Fan Xuefeng2, Gao Shuangcheng1, Zhang Gaina1   

  1. 1. Luoyang Key Laboratory of Peony Biology, Engineering Laboratory of Peony Germplasm Enhancement and Intensive Processing of Henan Province, College of Mudan, Henan Univerity of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003;
    2. Meteorological Bureau of Luoyang Luoyang 471023
  • Received:2018-07-23 Revised:2019-05-19 Published:2019-09-05

摘要: [目的]探究'凤丹’牡丹种苗的最适移栽时期,为其丰产栽培技术提供参考。[方法]以3年生'凤丹’牡丹实生种苗为试验材料,设置8个移栽时期,通过大田对比试验,分析移栽后根系活力、叶片光合性能及生物量的变化;采用主成分分析和综合评价的方法对不同移栽时期的成苗效果进行评价。[结果]移栽期可能通过移栽时气温、土壤温度和移栽后土壤积温等环境因素影响'凤丹’牡丹新根和植株的发育,适时移栽显著促进牡丹苗体的生长发育。在不同的移栽时期,'凤丹’牡丹植株生长期间的新根总数、木质化新根数、根系活力、叶面积、叶片SPAD值、净光合速率、枝条粗度、根生物量、枝条生物量、总生物量和壮苗指数均有一定差异,而枝条长度和根冠比没有显著差异。9月29日与11月28日移栽相比,单株木质化新根质量和叶面积分别增加了90.26%和51.22%,根系活力和净光合作用速率分别提高了93.53%和60.98%,单株生物量增加了46.00%。经通径分析、主成分分析和综合评价表明:9月29日移栽的'凤丹’牡丹成苗效果最好。[结论]本研究依据植株生物量、壮苗指数与移栽期气象环境要素的依赖关系,明确9月中旬至10月下旬,日均气温15~20℃气侯条件,是'凤丹’牡丹的最适移栽期。

关键词: 牡丹, ‘凤丹’, 移栽时期, 根系活力, 光合特性, 生物量, 壮苗指数

Abstract: [Objective] Transplanting of tree peony seedlings si usually carried out in autumn. In recent years,with the expansion of cultivating area of tree peony Paeonia ostii 'Fengdan',large-scale late transplanting has appeared due to the lack of standardized transplanting technical guidance, resulting in poor plant growth, which directly affects the production efficiency. The purpose of this study is to explore the optimum transplanting period of tree peony 'Fengdan' seedlings and provide technological advice for itsrapid and high-yield cultivation.[Methods]Three-year-old seedlings of P. ostii 'Fengdan' were used as experimental materials. Eight transplanting periods were set up. The changes of root activity, leaf photosynthetic performance and biomass after transplanting were detected by a field comparison experiment, and the effect of different transplanting period son seedling formation wase valuated by principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation.[Result]Transplanting dates were able to affect growth and development of new roots and shoots of the tree peony 'Fengdan' seedlings probably through environmental factors such as air and soil temperature, and soil accumulated temperature after transplanting. The timely transplanting significantly improved the growth and development of tree peony seedlings. There were differences in the total number of newborn roots, the number of lignified newborn roots, root activity, leaf area, leaf SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate, shoot thickness, root biomass, shoot biomass, total biomass, and seedling index of the seedlings among the 8 transplanting dates. The results showed that the number of lignified newborn roots, leaf area, root activity, net photosynthetic rate, biomass of seedlings transplanted in late September increased by 90.26%, 51.22%, 93.53%, 60.98%, and 46.00%, respectively, compared to those of seedlings transplanted in late November. Path analysis, principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation showed the plants transplanted in late September grew best.[Conclusion]According to relationships between the biomass, seedling index, and environmental factors, the transplanting periods of tree peony 'Fengdan' seedlings could be divided into the optimum transplanting period (mid-September to late October, daily mean air temperature of 15-20℃), the relatively suitable transplanting period (the end of August to early September or the end of October to mid-November, 25℃ > daily mean air temperature > 20℃, or 15℃ > daily mean air temperature > 10℃), and the unsuitable transplanting period (before the end of August or later than late November, daily mean air temperature> 25℃, or daily mean air temperature<10℃).It is suggested that the rational production of tree peony 'Fengdan' should be arranged during the optimum transplanting period according to characteristics of local autumn climate, which lays a foundation for rapid and high-yield cultivation of tree peony 'Fengdan'.

Key words: tree peony, ‘Fengdan’, transplanting period, root activity, photosynthetic characteristics, biomass, seedling index

中图分类号: