2000—2014年中亚地区主要植被类型水分利用效率特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20190320

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]比较中亚地区不同植被类型水分利用效率（WUE）差异，探究不同植被类型WUE在海拔和纬度上的分布特征，分析WUE在年内和年际间的变化趋势，以期从宏观的角度揭示中亚地区不同植被类型WUE的时空变化规律。[方法]利用土地覆盖数据整合出不同植被类型分类，使用MODIS产品数据初级生产力（GPP）、蒸散发（ET）计算中亚地区月平均和年平均WUE，观测不同海拔和纬度上的WUE变化。[结果]中亚地区GPP较低植被类型的WUE值高，而GPP较高植被类型的WUE值低，WUE表现为稀疏灌木林 > 草地 > 郁闭灌木林 > 森林 > 农田，其中稀疏灌木林WUE显著（P<0.05）高于其他植被类型；不同植被类型WUE随海拔升高出现先增加后下降的趋势，当海拔高于1 200 m后WUE与海拔显著负相关（P=0.018）；农田、森林、郁闭灌木林、稀疏灌木林和草地WUE高值区分别出现在海拔750、750、750、1 250和500 m；不同植被WUE随纬度增加的变化方式和幅度差异较大，各植被类型出现WUE峰值的纬度分别为农田36°、郁闭灌木林32°、稀疏灌木林36°~38°、森林50°和草地32°；在2000—2014年间，中亚地区WUE均值为2.65 g·kg^-1，整体变化趋势为增加，年增加量为0.066 g·kg^-1；WUE的年内变化趋势为先升高后降低，可用一元三次函数很好地描述（R²=0.98）。[结论]随着海拔增加，WUE呈现先增高后降低的变化趋势，各植被类型WUE随纬度的升高表现出不同的变化趋势。各植被类型WUE在2000—2014年间均呈现上升趋势。

关键词: 水分利用效率, 中亚地区, 植被类型, 碳水循环

Abstract: [Objective] The mean water use efficiency (WUE) of different vegetation types were compared in Central Asia. Based on this, the altitudinal and latitudinal distribution of WUE were characterized, and the variation trend of WUE within and among the years were analyzed, in order to revealfrom a macro perspective the temporal and spatial variation of WUE in different vegetation types in Central Asia.[Methods]The land cover data was used to integrate different vegetation type classifications, and the MODIS product data primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) were used to calculate the monthly average and annual average WUE, the WUE changes at different altitudes and latitudes were observed.[Results]1) The lower GPP ecosystem has higher WUE, and vice versa. The WUEs of different vegetation types were ranked in the order:open shrub land > grassland > closed shrub land > forest > cropland, the open shrub land WUE was significantly greater than those of the other vegetation types (P<0.05). The WUE of different vegetation types varied strongly with the altitude:it appeared relatively constant as the altitude varies from 0 to 1 200 m and then decreased dramatically above 1 200 m. The high WUEs appeared in farmland, forest, closed shrub land, open shrub land, grassland at altitudes of 750, 750, 750, 1 250, and 500 m, respectively. WUE exhibits large variability with latitude. The peak WUE appeared at latitude of is 36(farmland), 32(close shrub land), 36-38(open shrub land), 50(forest), 32(grassland) respectively. From 2000 to 2014, the average WUE was 2.65 g·kg^-1 in Central Asia, and tended to increase as an overall trend. The annual increase was 0.066 g·kg^-1; the monthly variation of WUE appeared increase first followed by a decrease, this can be well described by a one-dimensional cubic function.[Conclusion]With the increase of altitude, WUE showed a trend of increase first and then followed by a decrease. The WUE of different vegetation types showed different trends with the increase of latitude, and an upward trend from 2000 to 2014.

Key words: water use efficiency, Central Asian, vegetation types, water and carbon cycles

中图分类号:

S717.19

邹杰, 丁建丽. 2000—2014年中亚地区主要植被类型水分利用效率特征[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(3): 175-182.

Zou Jie, Ding Jianli. Changes of Water Use Efficiency of Main Vegetation Types in Central Asia from 2000 to 2014[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(3): 175-182.

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