关键词: 长白落叶松, 氮, 磷, 叶绿素合成, 光合速率

Abstract:

In our experiments, one-year-old Larix olgensis seedlings were cultivated in sand, and supplied with solutions with different concentrations of nitrate or phosphate. The effects of nitrogen and phosphorus supply on chlorophyll biosynthesis, total nitrogen content and photosynthetic rate were studied. The experimental results were listed below: 1) 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthetic rate increased as nitrate concentrations supplied to larch seedlings increased from 1 to 8 mmol·L^-1. But the rate decreased 17% when nitrate concentration increased to 16 mmol·L^-1, contrast to the control. Under phosphate treatments, ALA synthetic rates were similar to those under nitrate treatments. The activities of porphobilinogen (PBG) synthase reached maximum when larch seedlings were supplied with 8 mmol·L^-1 of nitrate or 1 mmol·L^-1 of phosphate. 2) When larch seedlings were supplied with 8 mmol·L^-1 of nitrate and 0.5 mmol·L^-1 of phosphate, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids reached maximum. The total nitrogen contents in leaves increased as nitrate concentrations increased. 3) When phosphate concentrations increased from 0.125 to 1 mmol·L^-1, the total nitrogen contents in leaves slightly increased, however, continuous increase of phosphate concentrations resulted in the decrease in total nitrogen contents in leaves. When nitrate concentrations increased from 1 to 8 mmol·L^-1, soluble protein contents in leaves increased in general, and continuous increase of nitrate concentrations induced reduce in soluble protein contents in leaves. 4) Under treatment of 0.25 mmol·L^-1 of phosphate, the soluble protein contents reached maximum. In general, F_vF_m increased as nitrate concentrations increased from 1 to 8 mmol·L^-1, and continuous increase of nitrate concentrations resulted in reduce in F_vF_m. The similar changes occurred under phosphate treatments. As nitrate concentrations increased from 1 to 8 mmol·L^-1 photosynthetic rates gradually increased, but when nitrate concentrations increased to 16 mmol·L^-1, photosynthetic rate reduced 16%, contrast to the control. Photosynthetic rates reached maximum when seedlings were supplied with 1 mmol·L^-1, and oversupply of phosphate (2 mmol·L^-1) resulted in reduce in photosynthetic rates. The results suggested that supply levels of nitrogen affected ALA biosynthetic rates, activities of PBG synthase, and affected contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids. Moreover, nitrogen supply levels affected contents of total nitrogen and soluble proteins in leaves, and net photosynthetic rates. ALA biosynthesis rates and activities of PBG synthase were affected by phosphate supply, but contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids were not affected. And net photosynthetic rates were affected little by phosphate supply.

Key words: Larix olgensis, nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthetic rate