林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 29-36.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200504
张亦弛1,郭素娟1,2,*
收稿日期:
2019-06-14
出版日期:
2020-05-25
发布日期:
2020-06-13
通讯作者:
郭素娟
基金资助:
Yichi Zhang1,Sujuan Guo1,2,*
Received:
2019-06-14
Online:
2020-05-25
Published:
2020-06-13
Contact:
Sujuan Guo
摘要:
目的: 研究多效唑(PP333)和矮壮素(CCC)对板栗幼树枝条、叶片生长发育和叶片碳氮代谢的影响,为全面认识植物生长延缓剂对板栗幼树生长的影响及应用提供科学依据。方法: 以6年生迁西板栗品种‘燕山早丰’为试验材料,选择多效唑和矮壮素2种延缓剂,其浓度均设置为100、200、300 mg·L-1,以清水为对照(CK),在枝条快速生长期进行叶面喷施。处理后定期取样测定母枝、果枝、营养枝生长指标和单叶面积、叶片长宽比、叶片含水量、相对叶绿素及碳氮代谢物含量,探讨2种延缓剂的作用效果及其应用的可行性。结果: 1)多效唑和矮壮素显著抑制板栗幼树母枝、果枝、营养枝的纵向生长,促进基部直径增长,并且与对照比较,所有处理差异显著(P < 0.05)。果枝喷施200 mg·L-1矮壮素处理对其长度生长量作用最显著,较对照减少约81%;喷施100 mg·L-1矮壮素处理显著提高果枝基部直径增长量,较对照提高约74%。2)多效唑和矮壮素能显著减小单叶面积,增加叶片长宽比、叶片含水量及相对叶绿素含量,与对照比较差异显著。其中,喷施200 mg·L-1矮壮素处理使单叶面积较对照最高减少11%,相对叶绿素含量较对照最高增加10.28%;喷施300 mg·L-1多效唑处理显著增加叶片含水量,较对照约提高28%。3)多效唑和矮壮素均能显著促进板栗幼树叶片碳氮代谢物积累。与对照比较,喷施300 mg·L-1多效唑或100~200 mg·L-1矮壮素能显著增加可溶性糖含量、全氮含量和碳氮比,且差异显著。结论: 板栗幼树快速生长期喷施100~200 mg·L-1矮壮素,能显著促进板栗幼树母枝、果枝直径生长,抑制其伸长生长,有效促进叶片碳氮代谢物积累。
中图分类号:
张亦弛,郭素娟. 2种生长延缓剂对板栗枝条生长和叶片碳氮代谢物积累的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(5): 29-36.
Yichi Zhang,Sujuan Guo. Effects of Two Growth Retardants on the Growth of Chestnut Branches and the Accumulation of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolites in Leaves[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(5): 29-36.
表1
多效唑和矮壮素及其质量浓度对板栗幼树枝条生长的影响①"
延缓剂 Retardants | 质量浓度 Mass concentration/(mg·L-1) | 枝条基径增长量 Increment of branch diameter/mm | 枝条长度生长量 Increment of branch length/cm | |||||
母枝 Mother branch | 果枝 Bearing branch | 营养枝 Foliage branch | 母枝 Mother branch | 果枝 Bearing branch | 营养枝 Foliage branch | |||
多效唑PP333 | 100 | 2.77±0.16b | 2.74±0.12c | 1.93±0.40bc | 3.03±1.01b | 5.03±0.98c | 9.72±2.15d | |
200 | 3.08±0.20b | 1.89±0.10b | 1.51±0.50ab | 2.82±0.40b | 2.90±0.81b | 3.55±0.52b | ||
300 | 2.50±0.08ab | 1.55±0.42b | 2.49±0.60c | 2.04±0.95ab | 1.36±0.05a | 7.75±0.85c | ||
矮壮素CCC | 100 | 3.05±0.15b | 3.58±0.04 d | 1.21±0.20a | 2.97±0.61b | 3.03±0.95b | 0.96±0.25a | |
200 | 3.03±0.16b | 1.80±0.10b | 0.88±0.06a | 1.04±0.06a | 1.08±0.16a | 1.28±0.50a | ||
300 | 3.87±0.90c | 2.53±0.60c | 1.11±0.22a | 2.05±0.46ab | 4.54±0.90c | 1.55±0.48a | ||
CK | 0 | 1.91±0.30a | 0.92±0.20a | 1.42±0.11ab | 4.23±0.60c | 7.19±1.30 d | 3.36±1.11b |
表2
多效唑和矮壮素及其质量浓度对叶片生长发育指标的影响"
延缓剂 Retardants | 质量浓度 Mass concentration/(mg·L-1) | 单叶面积 Leaf area/cm2 | 叶片长宽比 Ratio of leaf length to width | 含水量 Water content(%) | 相对叶绿素含量 Relative chlorophyll content |
多效唑PP333 | 100 | 135.93±4.62ab | 2.10±0.20b | 60.02±4.00b | 54.59±1.69b |
200 | 133.03±1.00a | 2.00±0.21ab | 61.83±3.01b | 53.77±0.85b | |
300 | 132.15±5.01a | 2.10±0.31b | 69.88±7.15c | 54.34±3.04b | |
矮壮素CCC | 100 | 133.26±2.05a | 2.06±0.11b | 60.07±3.00b | 53.38±1.69b |
200 | 129.12±5.02a | 2.06±0.17b | 61.07±4.00b | 54.83±1.29b | |
300 | 130.23±10.01a | 2.11±0.23b | 60.34±1.30b | 53.08±0.65b | |
CK | 0 | 144.63±6.50b | 1.70±0.09a | 50.33±3.05a | 49.72±2.25a |
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