关键词: 银杏, 叶用园, 优良单株

Abstract: Leaf yield, flavonoid content, terpene lactone content, composition of flavonoid, composition of terpene lactone, seasonal variation of flavonoid, terpene lactone and distribution of flavonoid in 13 3-year-old Ginkgo biloba superior trees originated from Zhejiang, Henan, Shandong and Jiangsu Provinces, were studied. The results were as follows: (1)The differences of flavonoid content, terpene lactone content, leaf area and leaf yield for various superior trees were significant; (2)Seasonal variations of flavonoid content and terpene lactone content had the same trend and the order of concentration among quercetin, Kaemplerol and isorhamnetin was quercetin>kaemplerol>isorhamnetin, and the concentrations of ginkgolide A (GA), ginkgolids B (GB), ginkgolide C (GC), and bilobalide (BB). followed the order: GA>BB>GB or GC. The flavonoid content in Ginkgo leaves was highest in September and October, and lowest in June. However, the terpene lactone content was lowest in May, and the highest in September; (3)According to leaf yield, flavonoid yield, terpene lactone yield, 13 superior trees were divided into three types by means of cluster analysis: excellent yield-E₄, good yield-E₁, E₂, E₅, E₆, poor yield-E₃, E₇, E₈, E₁₀, W₂, W₃, E₄, E₅; (4)Among stem, root and leaf, the highest flavonoids content was in leaf, and the lowest in stem.

Key words: Ginkgo biloba, Orchard of utilizing tree leaf, Superior tree