不同处理对银杏根生垂乳形态发生及生长的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140709

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以1，2和5年生银杏实生苗为对象，研究平茬、平放、移栽处理对根生垂乳发生、形态、生物量和含水量的影响。结果表明：1年生苗木根生垂乳发生率为22.00%，2年生苗木平茬的发生率最高，为58.81%，5年生苗木平放、移栽的发生率均为100.00%。1年生苗木根生垂乳数平均为1.11个；2和5年生苗木中均为平茬的最多，分别为1.99和1.81个，对照的最少，分别为1.08和1.07个。1年生苗木根生垂乳基径平均为0.38 cm；2和5年生最大的分别为平茬和平放处理，达1.39和2.67 cm，最小均为对照，分别为0.99和1.93 cm。1年生苗木根生垂乳长度平均为0.20 cm；2和5年生苗木中均为平放的最大，平均分别为1.15和3.93 cm，最小均为对照，分别为0.58和2.51 cm。1年生苗木根生垂乳无不定根着生；2和5年生苗木中平茬的不定根最多，分别为2.58和4.06条，最少为5年的对照，仅为1.93条。2年生苗木中平茬的平均不定根长度最大，达9.44 cm；5年生苗木中平放的最大，达25.36 cm。垂乳皮厚与根差异显著，垂乳>根。1年生苗木根生垂乳木质所占比例平均为16.98%，根的为25.29%；2年生苗木中平茬的最高，为23.19%，根中移栽最高，为26.88%；5年生苗木中移栽的最大，为35.85%，根中移栽最高，为32.54%，二者与根差异极显著。平茬、平放、移栽对根生垂乳的鲜质量、干质量影响显著。根生垂乳中，皮部含水量大于木质部，且随苗龄增大，垂乳含水量与根差异变大。

关键词: 银杏苗木, 根生垂乳, 形态特性, 生物量和含水量, 平茬、平放与移栽

Abstract:

In this paper, 1-year-old, 2-year-old and 5-year-old Ginkgo biloba L. seedlings were used to investigate the influence of stump, lying seedlings horizontally and transplant on occurrence, morphology, biomass and water content of rooted chichies. The results showed that the chichi occurrence rate of 1-year-old G. biloba. seedlings was 22.00%. The occurrence rate of the stumped 2-year-old seedlings was 58.81% which was highest with the treatment. The occurrence rates of platted or transplanted 5-year-old seedlings were 100.00%. The average No. of chichies per plant of 1-year-old G. biloba seedlings was 1.11. The average No. of root chichies of stumped seedlings was 1.99 in 2-year-old seedlings, which was highest, while the untreated control was 1.08. In 5-year-old seedlings, the average No. of rooted chichies of stumped seedlings was 1.81, while the control was only 1.07. The average basal diameter of root chichies of 1-year-old seedlings was 0.38 cm. The average basal diameter of root chichies of stumped 2-year-old seedlings was 1.39 cm while the control was only 0.99 cm. The mean basal diameter of rooted chichies of stumped 5-year-old seedlings was 2.67 cm while the control was 1.93 cm. The average length of root chichies of 1-year-old seedlings was 0.20 cm. The maximum average length of root chichies of platted 2-year-old and 5-age seedlings were 1.15 cm and 3.93 cm, which those of the controls were 0.58 cm and 2.51 cm. The 1-year-old seedlings had no adventitious roots occurred from root chichies. The stumped 2-year-old and 5-age seedlings had the greatest average No. of adventitious roots, and were 2.58 and 4.06. The 5-year-old control seedlings had 1.93 adventitious roots. The average length of adventitious roots of stumped 2-year-old seedlings was 9.44 cm. The average length of adventitious roots of platted 5-year-old was longest and 25.36 cm. The thickness of chichies was thicker than that of roots and there was a significant difference between them. The proportion of chichi xylon of 1-year-old seedling was 16.98% while the root was 25.29%. The maximum proportion of xylon in stumped 2-year-old seedlings was 23.19%, while the maximum proportion of root in transplanted seedlings was 26.88%. In transplanted 5-year-old seedlings, the proportion of xylon was 35.85%, and the proportion of roots was 32.54%. There was a significant difference between the two and the root. Stumping, keeping plat and transplanting had significant influence on the fresh and dry weight of chichies. The bark moisture content was more than that of xylon, and there also was significant difference in the moisture content between chichies and roots, and the difference became greater as the seedlings grew older. In this article, influence of the different treatments on morphology, biomass, adventitious roots of rooted chichies was discussed.

Key words: Ginkgo biloba seedling, rooted chichi, morphological characteristics, biomass and moisture content, stump, keep plat and transplant

中图分类号:

S718.43

付兆军, 刘莉娟, 邢世岩, 刘晓静, 辛红, 吴岐奎. 不同处理对银杏根生垂乳形态发生及生长的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(7): 58-65.

Fu Zhaojun, Liu Lijuan, Xing Shiyan, Liu Xiaojing, Xin Hong, Wu Qikui. Influence on Morphogenesis and Growth of Rooted Chichies of Ginkgo biloba by Different Treatments[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(7): 58-65.

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