短日照和灌溉处理对华北落叶松苗木质量和夏季造林效果的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20210386

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of watering regimes and photoperiod manipulations of acclimation treatments on seedling morphology and physiology attributes in the nursery and field performance of Larix principis-rupprechtii. Method: We applied three watering regimes at 40%, 60%, 80%(control) of container capacity (CC) combined with two photoperiod manipulations at natural daylength (ND) and 10-hour (10 h) daylength (SD) in the nursery for three weeks during summer and then outplanted in late-July (July 23rd).We measured seedling morphological and physiological attributes in the nursery.Additionally, we measured field survival for two years. Result: Compared to ND, SD significantly induced seedling bud set (66% vs.26%).Reduced photoperiod slightly increased root starch concentration (P=0.068).Watering regime to CC 40% significantly decreased shoot to root ratio (S/R)(P < 0.001) and accelerated shoot starch converted into soluble sugars.Compared to ND, SD significantly improved field survival at the end of the first growing season (92% vs.82%).This suggested that photoperiod manipulation at 10 h daylength increased root starch concentration and bud set, which strengthened seedling hardness.SD combined with CC 40% and CC 60% treatments improved field survival (above 60%) at the end of the second growing season. Conclusion: Photoperiod manipulation at 10 h daylength combined with watering regimes at 40%-60% increased field survival of Larix principis-rupprechtii seedlings at the end of the first and second growing season.The study reveals the vital role of seedling carbon storage and S/R in seedling quality for summer-planted seedlings.

Key words: photoperiod manipulations, watering regime, Larix principis-rupprechtii, summer planting, carbon partitioning, starch

CLC Number:

S718.43

Na Luo,Ruijie Qu,Guolei Li,Lu Meng,Leng Han,Guifeng Guo,Fengyuan Ma,Jiaxi Wang. Effects of Photoperiod Manipulations and Watering Regimes on Seedling Quality and Field Performance of Summer-Planted Larix principis-rupprechtii[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(1): 90-98.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 3

Table 4

References 0

	李国雷, 刘勇, 祝燕, 等. 国外容器苗质量调控技术研究进展. 林业科学, 2012, 48 (8): 135- 142.
	Li G L , Liu Y , Zhu Y , et al. A review on the abroad studies of techniques in regulating quality of container seedlings. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48 (8): 136- 142.
	国家林业和草原局. 2019. 中国森林资源报告. 2014—2018. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 5.
	National Forestry and Grassland Administrction. 2019. Chinese forest resources report. Beijing: Chinese Forestry Publihing House, 5. [in Chinese]
	孙悦燕, 王秀丽, 高润梅, 等. 干旱胁迫下华北落叶松幼苗接种木霉的生理变化. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32 (3): 853- 859.
	Sun Y Y , Wang X L , Gao R M , et al. Physiological changes of Larix principis-rupprechtii seedlings inoculated with Trichoderma spp. under drought stress. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32 (3): 853- 859.
	奚旺, 刘勇, 马履一, 等. 底部渗灌条件下水肥对华北落叶松容器苗生长及基质pH值、电导率的影响. 林业科学, 2015, 51 (06): 36- 43.
	Xi W , Liu Y , Ma L Y , et al. Effects of sub-irrigation with different water and fertilizer supplies on growth, media pH and electric conductance of containered Larix principis-rupprechtii seedlings. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51 (06): 36- 43.
	姚延梼, 陈建中, 胡建芳. 华北落叶松. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2013: 32- 33.
	Yao Y T , Chen J Z , Hu J F . Larix Principis-rupprechtii. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2013: 32- 33.
	Dumroese R K , Pinto J R , Montville M E . Using container weights to determine irrigation needs: a simple method. Native Plants Journal, 2015, 16 (1): 67- 71. doi: 10.3368/npj.16.1.67
	Galvez D A , Landhausser S M , Tyree M T . Low root reserve accumulation during drought may lead to winter mortality in poplar seedlings. New Phytologist, 2013, 198 (1): 139- 148. doi: 10.1111/nph.12129
	Gersony J T , Hochberg U , Rockwell F E , et al. Leaf carbon export and nonstructural carbohydrates in relation to diurnal water dynamics in mature oak trees. Plant Physiology, 2020, 183 (4): 1612- 1621. doi: 10.1104/pp.20.00426
	Grossnickle S C . Importance of root growth in overcoming planting stress. New Forests, 2005, 30 (2/3): 273- 294.
	Grossnickle S C , Folk R S . Spring versus summer spruce stocktypes of western Canada: nursery development and field performance. Western Journal of Applied Forestry, 2003, 18 (4): 267- 275. doi: 10.1093/wjaf/18.4.267
	Hawkins C D B , Eastham A M , Story T L , et al. The effect of nursery blackout application on Sitka spruce seedlings. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1996, 26 (12): 2201- 2213. doi: 10.1139/x26-249
	Hoch G . Carbon reserves as indicators for carbon limitation in trees. Progress in Botany(Genetics - Physiology - Systematics - Ecology), 2015, 76, 321- 346.
	Jacobs D F , Davis A S , Wilson B C , et al. Short-day treatment alters Douglas-fir seedling dehardening and transplant root proliferation at varying rhizosphere temperatures. Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere, 2008, 38 (6): 1526- 1535. doi: 10.1139/X08-020
	Khan S R , Rose R , Haase D L , et al. Soil water stress: its effects on phenology, physiology, and morphology of containerized Douglas-fir seedlings. New Forests, 1996, 12 (1): 19- 39. doi: 10.1007/BF00029980
	Kohmann K , Johnsen O . Effects of early long-night treatment on diameter and height growth, second flush and frost tolerance in two-year-old Picea abies container seedlings. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 2007, 22 (5): 375- 383. doi: 10.1080/02827580701520486
	Kostopoulou P , Radoglou K , Dini-Papanastasi O . Performance and quality of Cupressus sempervirens L. mini-plug seedlings under reduced photoperiod. European Journal of Forest Research, 2011, 130 (4): 579- 588. doi: 10.1007/s10342-010-0447-3
	Krasowski M J , Owens J N . Growth and morphology of western red cedar seedlings as affected by photoperiod and moisture stress. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1991, 21 (3): 340- 352. doi: 10.1139/x91-042
	Landhausser S M , Pinno B D , Lieffers V J , et al. Partitioning of carbon allocation to reserves or growth determines future performance of aspen seedlings. Forest Ecology and Management, 2012, 275, 43- 51. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.03.010
	Landis T D, Tinus R W, Barnett J P. 1999. Seedling developments: the establishment, rapid growth and hardening phases //Landis T D, Tinus R W, Barnett J P. The container tree nursery manual. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC, pp. 125-161.
	Luo N , Villar-Salvador P , Li G , et al. The dark side of nursery photoperiod reduction on summer plantation performance of a temperate conifer: high winter mortality mediated by reduced seedling carbohydrate and nitrogen storage. Forest Ecology and Management, 2021, 491, 119171. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119171
	Luoranen J , Rikala R , Konttinen K , et al. Summer planting of Picea abies container-grown seedlings: effects of planting date on survival, height growth and root egress. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 237 (1): 534- 544.
	Macey D E , Arnott J T . The effect of moderate moisture and nutrient stress on bud formation and growth of container-grown white spruce seedlings. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1986, 16 (5): 949- 954. doi: 10.1139/x86-168
	O'Brien M J , Leuzinger S , Philipson C D , et al. Drought survival of tropical tree seedlings enhanced by non-structural carbohydrate levels. Nature Climate Change, 2014, 4 (8): 710- 714. doi: 10.1038/nclimate2281
	Oleksyn J , Tjoelker M G , Reich P B . Growth and biomass partitioning of populations of European Pinus sylvestris L. under simulated 50° and 60° N daylengths: evidence for photoperiodic ecotypes. New Phytologist, 1992, 120 (4): 561- 574. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1992.tb01806.x
	Partanen J . Dependence of photoperiodic response of growth cessation on the stage of development in Picea abies and Betula pendula seedlings. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004, 188 (1-3): 137- 148. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2003.07.017
	Poorter H , Niklas K J , Reich P B , et al. Biomass allocation to leaves, stems and roots: meta-analyses of interspecific variation and environmental control. New Phytologist, 2012, 193 (1): 30- 50. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03952.x
	Ramos-Sánchez J M , Triozzi P M , Alique D , et al. LHY2 Integrates night-length information to determine timing of poplar photoperiodic growth. Current Biology, 2019,
	Sala A , Hoch G . Height-related growth declines in ponderosa pine are not due to carbon limitation. Plant Cell and Environment, 2009, 32 (1): 22- 30. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01896.x
	Shi W , Bloomberg M , Li G , et al. Combined effects of cotyledon excision and nursery fertilization on root growth, nutrient status and outplanting performance of Quercus variabilis container seedlings. PLoS One, 2017, 12 (5): e0177002. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177002
	Singh R K , Svystun T , AlDahmash B , et al. Photoperiod- and temperature-mediated control of phenology in trees - a molecular perspective. New Phytologist, 2017, 213 (2): 511- 524. doi: 10.1111/nph.14346
	Svystun T , Bhalerao R P , Jönsson A M . Modelling populus autumn phenology: the importance of temperature and photoperiod. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2019, 271, 346- 354. doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.03.003
	Tan W , Blanton S , Bielech J P . Summer planting performance of white spruce 1 + 0 container seedlings affected by nursery short-day treatment. New Forests, 2008, 35 (2): 187- 205. doi: 10.1007/s11056-007-9071-6
	Turner J , Mitchell S J . The effect of short day treatments on containerized Douglas-fir morphology, physiology and phenology. New Forests, 2003, 26 (3): 279- 295. doi: 10.1023/A:1024406704381
	Uemura M , Steponkus P L . Modification of the intracellular sugar content alters the incidence of freeze-induced membrane lesions of protoplasts isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Plant Cell and Environment, 2003, 26 (7): 1083- 1096. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.01033.x
	Uscola M , Villar-Salvador P , Gross P , et al. Fast growth involves high dependence on stored resources in seedlings of Mediterranean evergreen trees. Annals of Botany, 2015, 115 (6): 1001- 1013. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcv019
	Vapaavuori E M , Rikala R , Ryyppö A . Effects of root temperature on growth and photosynthesis in conifer seedlings during shoot elongation. Tree Physiology, 1992, 10 (3): 217- 230. doi: 10.1093/treephys/10.3.217
	Villar-Salvador P , Uscola M , Jacobs D F . The role of stored carbohydrates and nitrogen in the growth and stress tolerance of planted forest trees. New Forests, 2015, 46 (5/6): 813- 839.
	Wallin E , Gräns D , Jacobs D F , et al. Short-day photoperiods affect expression of genes related to dormancy and freezing tolerance in Norway spruce seedlings. Annals of Forest Science, 2017, 74 (3): 59. doi: 10.1007/s13595-017-0655-9
	Way D A , Montgomery R A . Photoperiod constraints on tree phenology, performance and migration in a warming world. Plant Cell and Environment, 2015, 38 (9): 1725- 1736. doi: 10.1111/pce.12431
	Wiley E , Huepenbecker S , Casper B B , et al. The effects of defoliation on carbon allocation: can carbon limitation reduce growth in favour of storage?. Tree Physiology, 2013, 33 (11): 1216- 1228. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpt093
	Young E , Hanover J W . Effects of temperature, nutrient, and moisture stresses on dormancy of blue spruce seedlings under continuous light. Forest Science, 1978, 24 (4): 458- 467.

变异来源 Sources	水平 Levels	顶芽形成率 Bud set/(%)	地径 RCD/mm	苗高 Height/cm	干质量Mass/g			茎根比 S/R
变异来源 Sources	水平 Levels	顶芽形成率 Bud set/(%)	地径 RCD/mm	苗高 Height/cm	根Root	地上部分Shoot	单株Plant	茎根比 S/R
光照处理 Photoperiod(P)	ND	26.33 ± 2.4b	2.19 ± 0.03	13.98 ± 0.2	0.14 ± 0.01	0.39 ± 0.01	0.53 ± 0.02	2.78 ± 0.06
	SD	66.11 ± 2.5a	2.25 ± 0.04	13.93 ± 0.18	0.13 ± 0.00	0.37 ± 0.01	0.51 ± 0.02	2.80 ± 0.06
	P	< 0.001	0.257	0.966	0.292	0.376	0.338	0.797
灌溉处理 Watering regime(W)	80%	48.25 ± 3.32	2.26 ± 0.05	13.97 ± 0.24	0.14 ± 0.01	0.38 ± 0.02	0.52 ± 0.02	2.89 ± 0.09a
	60%	45.74 ± 3.34	2.23 ± 0.04	13.93 ± 0.23	0.14 ± 0.01	0.39 ± 0.02	0.53 ± 0.03	2.91 ± 0.06a
	40%	46.56 ± 3.18	2.18 ± 0.05	13.96 ± 0.23	0.14 ± 0.00	0.37 ± 0.01	0.51 ± 0.02	2.58 ± 0.05b
	0.001	P	0.717	0.329	0.991	0.722	0.631	0.881
光照处理×灌溉处理P×W	P	0.938	0.096	0.495	0.409	0.637	0.555	0.519

变量Variables	变异来源Sources	根Root	地上部分Shoot	单株Plant
可溶性糖质量分数 SS mass fraction	光照处理Photoperiod(P)	0.153	0.018	0.035
	灌溉处理Watering regime(W)	0.852	0.010	0.081
	光照处理×灌溉处理P×W	0.704	0.108	0.335
淀粉质量分数 Starch mass fraction	光照处理Photoperiod(P)	0.069	0.641	0.259
	灌溉处理Watering regime(W)	0.904	0.009	0.056
	光照处理×灌溉处理P×W	0.182	0.956	0.801
非结构性碳水化合物质量分数 TNC mass fraction	光照处理Photoperiod(P)	0.878	0.419	0.64
	灌溉处理Watering regime(W)	0.84	0.173	0.384
	光照处理×灌溉处理P×W	0.317	0.699	0.455
单株可溶性糖含量 Individual SS content	光照处理Photoperiod(P)	0.209	0.085	0.101
	灌溉处理Watering regime(W)	0.787	0.839	0.793
	光照处理×灌溉处理P×W	0.999	0.725	0.878
单株淀粉含量 Individual starch content	光照处理Photoperiod(P)	0.37	0.842	0.854
	灌溉处理Watering regime(W)	0.954	0.074	0.251
	光照处理×灌溉处理P×W	0.378	0.994	0.9
单株非结构性碳水化合物含量 Individual TNC content	光照处理Photoperiod(P)	0.708	0.32	0.414
	灌溉处理Watering regime(W)	0.858	0.562	0.838
	光照处理×灌溉处理P×W	0.801	0.929	0.884

处理 Treatments	氮质量分数N mass fraction/(mg·g^-1)		磷质量分数P mass fraction/(mg·g^-1)		钾质量分数K mass fraction/(mg·g^-1)
处理 Treatments	针叶Needle	整株Plant	针叶Needle	整株Plant	针叶Needle	整株Plant
CK	15.6 ± 0.2b	13.3 ± 0.2bc	3.8 ± 0.2	4.8 ± 0.1b	17.0 ± 0.2c	16.9 ± 0.2cd
ND - 60%	17.0 ± 0.3ab	14.7 ± 0.3abc	4.4 ± 0.3	5.5 ± 0.2ab	19.7 ± 1.1bc	18.5 ± 0.6bc
ND - 40%	17.5 ± 0.5ab	14.9 ± 0.6ab	3.7 ± 0.1	5.9 ± 0.3a	21.6 ± 1.6ab	20.5 ± 1.1ab
SD - 80%	17.3 ± 0.6ab	14.8 ± 0.4ab	4.6 ± 0.2	5.6 ± 0.1ab	22.3 ± 0.9ab	20.7 ± 0.9ab
SD - 60%	18.1 ± 0.4a	15.4 ± 0.3a	4.2 ± 0.1	6.0 ± 0.2a	25.3 ± 0.9a	23.0 ± 0.9a
SD-40%	16.4 ± 0.4ab	13.1 ± 0.3c	3.9 ± 0.3	4.8 ± 0.3b	15.4 ± 0.7c	15.1 ± 0.6 d
	P	P	P	P	P	P
光照处理Photoperiod(P)	0.122	0.694	0.106	0.85	0.056	0.108
灌溉处理Watering regime(W)	0.056	0.012	0.138	0.028	0.002	0.003
光照处理×灌溉处理 P×W	0.010	0.001	0.089	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001

变异来源Sources	Survival T₁		Survival T_1-AW		Survival T₂
变异来源Sources	χ²	P	χ²	P	χ²	P
光照处理Photoperiod(P)	8.610	0.003	2.333	0.127	3.252	0.071
灌溉处理Watering regime(W)	0.375	0.829	3.052	0.217	5.549	0.062
光照处理灌溉处理PW	4.289	0.117	2.457	0.293	4.082	0.130
区组Block	4.071	0.131	9.680	0.008	2.966	0.227

[1]	Yan Wang,Jinling Feng,Xiaohui Wu,Lanming Huang,Juan Wu,Yu Chen,Zhijian Yang. Effects of Fertilization on Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation of Phoebe bournei Seedlings [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(5): 40-52.
[2]	Shuzi Zhang,Jianting Yin,Qiwen Ren,Shubin Zhang,Xin Wang,Liandi Li,Jun Bi. Effect of Dominant Species on Diversity Pattern of Neighbor Species in Coniferous-Broadleaved Mixed Forest in Northern Hebei Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(4): 32-39.
[3]	Lin Qi,Longmei Guo,Youde Liu,Banghua Cao,Peili Mao,Zexiu Li. Dynamic Responses of Non-Structural Carbohydrates in Robinia pseudoacacia Seedlings to NaCl Stress [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(1): 32-42.
[4]	Hong Pan,Jun Lu,Xiangdong Lei,Xuzhan Guo,Jianfeng Yao,Shouzheng Tang. Tree Age Estimation Based on Resistograph Stationary Kalman Filter [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(6): 14-23.
[5]	Tingting Zhao,Dongzhi Wang,Dongyan Zhang,Li Guo,Xuanrui Huang. Crown Prediction Model of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation in Saihanba of Hebei Province, Northern China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(5): 108-118.
[6]	Ping She,Bing Cao,Yanhui Wang,Zhijia Yu,Zheng Wang,Jie Ma,Baoguang Jia. Effect of Forest Floor Treatments on Density of the First-Year Seedlings in Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(3): 18-28.
[7]	Wenbo Li,Zhengang Lü,Xuanrui Huang,Zhidong Zhang. Predicting Spatial Distribution of Site Index for Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantations in the Northern Hebei Province [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(3): 79-89.
[8]	Lihu Dong,Yongshuai Liu,Bo Song,Yifei Zhou,Fengri Li. Comparison of Individual Tree Carbon Estimation Approaches [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(4): 46-54.
[9]	Kai Wang,Qi Song,Risheng Zhang,Dapeng Zhang,Ju Sun. Distribution Characteristics of Non-Structural Carbohydrate in Main Tree Species of Shelterbelt Forests in Horqin Sandy Land [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(12): 39-48.
[10]	Han Xinsheng, Wang Yanhui, Li Zhenhua, Wang Yanbing, Yu Pengtao, Xiong Wei. Daily Forest Floor Evapotranspiration of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation and Its Influencing Factors in the Semi-Arid Area of Liupan Mountains [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(9): 11-21.
[11]	Zheng Conghui, Zhang Hongjing, Wang Yuzhong, Dai Jianfeng, Dang Lei, Du Zichun, Liu Jianting, Gao Yunru. An Analysis of a Regional Trial of Larix principis-rupprechtii Families Based on BLUP and GGE Biplot [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(8): 73-83.
[12]	Liang Kuan, Fan Yan, Feng Huoju, Tan Taiteng, Shi Jianmin. Concentration and Distribution Pattern of Non-Structural Carbohydrate of Phyllostachys glauca in Different Limestone Habitats [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(6): 22-27.
[13]	Zhengang Lü,Wenbo Li,Xuanrui Huang,Zhidong Zhang. Larix principis-rupprechtii Growth Suitability Based on Potential NPP under Climate Change Scenarios in Hebei Province [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(11): 37-44.
[14]	Mengmei Hu,Long Tian,Yanan Wu,Jinyu Yang,Xiaocui Lü,Xuanrui Huang. Influences of Thinning and Mixed Transformation of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantations on the Community Structure of Soil Macro Faunal in Saihanba Area [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(11): 153-162.
[15]	Du Ying, Bao Yongxin, Lü Rubing, Qiu Ziyan, Song Chao, Song Xinzhang. Effects of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on Non-Structural Carbohydrates of Moso Bamboo [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(7): 10-17.

Effects of Photoperiod Manipulations and Watering Regimes on Seedling Quality and Field Performance of Summer-Planted Larix principis-rupprechtii

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 7

References 0

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments