Scientia Silvae Sinicae ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (11): 153-162.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20191117
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Mengmei Hu1,Long Tian1,Yanan Wu1,Jinyu Yang1,2,3,*,Xiaocui Lü1,Xuanrui Huang1,2,3
Received:
2019-03-10
Online:
2019-11-25
Published:
2019-12-21
Contact:
Jinyu Yang
Supported by:
CLC Number:
Mengmei Hu,Long Tian,Yanan Wu,Jinyu Yang,Xiaocui Lü,Xuanrui Huang. Influences of Thinning and Mixed Transformation of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantations on the Community Structure of Soil Macro Faunal in Saihanba Area[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(11): 153-162.
Table 1
General characteristics of the three sampling plots of L.principis-rupprechtii plantations in Saihanba area"
林分特征Forest characteristics | 未经营CK | 间伐TH | 混交M |
林龄Forest age/a | 28 | 28 | 28 |
乔木密度Forest density/(tree·hm-2) | 2 082±142.03a | 1 015±55.67b | 1 170±75.50b |
平均树高Mean tree height/m | 11.00±0.23b | 13.80±0.31a | 10.53±1.12b |
平均胸径Mean DBH/cm | 14.80±0.06b | 19.76±1.31a | 13.94±0.38b |
郁闭度Canopy closure(%) | 71.67±2.33a | 59.00±3.01b | 65.33±2.03ab |
土壤pH Soil pH | 6.09±0.02a | 6.12±0.02a | 6.06±0.03a |
土壤全氮含量Soil total nitrogen/(g·kg-1) | 1.80±0.01a | 2.11±0.02a | 1.24±0.02b |
土壤全碳含量Soil total carbon/(g·kg-1) | 25.31±1.54a | 22.49±1.15a | 16.65±1.39b |
土壤含水量Soil water content(%) | 17.50±1.21a | 17.11±1.53a | 17.65±0.01a |
土壤密度Soil density/(g·cm-3) | 0.70±0.07a | 0.73±0.07a | 0.75±0.06a |
凋落物含水量Litter water content(%) | 39.00±4.04a | 33.33±5.24a | 29.00±1.16a |
凋落物厚度Litter depth/cm | 6.00±0.41a | 6.13±0.21a | 5.27±0.29a |
凋落物生物量Litter biomass/(kg·m-2) | 5.90±0.72a | 5.98±0.59a | 4.97±0.51a |
凋落物全氮含量Litter total nitrogen/(g·kg-1) | 7.91±0.05b | 7.82±0.02b | 12.24±0.08a |
凋落物全碳含量Litter total carbon/(g·kg-1) | 168.70±4.13a | 171.40±13.19a | 150.90±1.52a |
Appendix 1
Composition of soil macro-fauna"
类群Group | 未经营CK | 间伐TH | 混交M | 总个体数Total | 百分比Percentage(%) | |||||
个体数Individuals | 百分比Percentage(%) | 个体数Individuals | 百分比Percentage(%) | 个体数Individuals | 百分比Percentage(%) | |||||
正蚓目Lumbricida | 63 | 20 | 57 | 9.56 | 26 | 5.26 | 146 | 10.39 | ||
颤蚓目Tubificida | 9 | 2.85 | 1 | 0.17 | 18 | 3.64 | 28 | 1.99 | ||
石蜈蚣目Lithobiomorpha | 13 | 4.13 | 28 | 4.69 | 12 | 2.43 | 53 | 3.77 | ||
地蜈蚣目Geophilomorpha | 4 | 1.27 | 5 | 0.84 | 9 | 1.82 | 18 | 1.28 | ||
盲蛛目Opiliones | 5 | 1.59 | 2 | 0.34 | 3 | 0.61 | 10 | 0.71 | ||
球蛛科Theridiidae | — | — | 4 | 0.67 | 5 | 1.01 | 9 | 0.64 | ||
漏斗蛛科Agelenidae | 2 | 0.63 | 1 | 0.17 | — | — | 3 | 0.21 | ||
肖蛸科Tetragnathidae | — | — | 2 | 0.34 | 1 | 0.20 | 3 | 0.21 | ||
圆颚蛛科Corinnidae | — | — | 1 | 0.17 | — | 1 | 0.07 | |||
平腹蛛科Gnaphosidae | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0.41 | 2 | 0.14 | ||
狼蛛科Lycosidae | — | — | 7 | 1.17 | 7 | 1.42 | 14 | 1.00 | ||
蟹蛛科Thomisidae | — | — | 3 | 0.50 | 4 | 0.81 | 7 | 0.50 | ||
跳蛛科Salticidae | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.20 | 1 | 0.07 | ||
圆珠科Araneidae | 5 | 1.59 | 2 | 0.34 | 4 | 0.81 | 11 | 0.78 | ||
伪蝎目Pseudoscorpiones | — | — | 1 | 0.17 | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
啮虫目Psocoptera | — | — | 1 | 0.17 | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
叶蝉科Cicadellidae | 2 | 0.63 | 8 | 1.34 | 2 | 0.41 | 12 | 0.86 | ||
同蝽科Acanthosomatidae | — | — | 1 | 0.17 | 14 | 2.83 | 15 | 1.07 | ||
蚜科Aphididae | 1 | 0.32 | 1 | 0.17 | 1 | 0.20 | 3 | 0.21 | ||
长蝽科Lygaeidae | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.20 | 1 | 0.07 | ||
奇蝽科Enicocephalidae | — | — | 1 | 0.17 | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
盲蝽科Miridae | 1 | 0.32 | 2 | 0.34 | 8 | 1.62 | 11 | 0.78 | ||
土蝽科Cydnidae | — | — | 2 | 0.34 | 1 | 0.20 | 3 | 0.21 | ||
蝽科Pentatomidae | — | — | 3 | 0.50 | 3 | 0.61 | 6 | 0.43 | ||
步甲科/成Carabidae/A | 8 | 2.54 | 18 | 3.02 | 34 | 6.88 | 60 | 4.27 | ||
阎甲科/成Histeridae/A | — | — | 1 | 0.17 | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
象甲科/成Curculionidae/A | — | — | 2 | 0.34 | — | — | 2 | 0.14 | ||
瓢甲科/成Coccinellidae/A | — | — | 4 | 0.67 | 1 | 0.20 | 5 | 0.36 | ||
金龟科/成Scarabaeidae/A | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.20 | 1 | 0.07 | ||
叶甲科/成Chrysomelidae/A | 4 | 1.27 | 27 | 4.53 | 14 | 2.84 | 45 | 3.21 | ||
拟花蚤科/成Scraptiidae/A | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.20 | 1 | 0.07 | ||
隐翅甲科/成Staphylinidae/A | 1 | 0.32 | 5 | 0.84 | 2 | 0.41 | 8 | 0.57 | ||
埋葬甲科/成Silphidae/A | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.20 | 1 | 0.07 | ||
水龟甲科/成Hydrophilidae/A | — | 2 | 0.34 | 2 | 0.14 | |||||
水龟甲科/幼Hydrophilidae/L | 2 | 0.63 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0.14 | ||
阎甲科/幼Histeridae/L | 1 | 0.32 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
隐翅甲科/幼Staphylinidae/L | 1 | 0.32 | 10 | 1.68 | 10 | 2.02 | 21 | 1.50 | ||
叶甲科/幼Chrysomelidae/L | 68 | 21.59 | 167 | 28.02 | 61 | 12.35 | 296 | 21.07 | ||
金龟科/幼Scarabaeidae/L | — | — | 1 | 0.17 | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
歩甲科/幼Carabidae/L | 1 | 0.32 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
象甲科/幼Curculionidae/L | 33 | 10.47 | 110 | 18.45 | 126 | 25.51 | 269 | 19.15 | ||
长角亚目/幼Nematocera/L | 16 | 5.08 | 44 | 7.38 | 35 | 7.09 | 95 | 6.76 | ||
短角亚目/幼Brachycera/L | 35 | 11.11 | 39 | 6.54 | 57 | 11.54 | 131 | 9.33 | ||
芒角亚目/幼Aristocera/L | 18 | 5.71 | 9 | 1.51 | 7 | 1.42 | 34 | 2.42 | ||
短角亚目Brachycera | 1 | 0.32 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
长角亚目Nematocera | 1 | 0.32 | — | — | 1 | 0.20 | 2 | 0.14 | ||
蚁科Formicidae | 1 | 0.32 | 6 | 1.00 | 7 | 1.42 | 14 | 1.00 | ||
胡蜂科Vespidae | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.20 | 1 | 0.07 | ||
叶蜂科Tenthredinidae | — | — | 2 | 0.34 | 3 | 0.61 | 5 | 0.36 | ||
姬蜂科Lchneumonidae | 3 | 0.95 | 3 | 0.50 | 1 | 0.20 | 7 | 0.50 | ||
小卷叶蛾科/幼Olethreutidae/L | 1 | -0.32 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
卷叶蛾科/幼Tortricidae/L | 1 | 0.32 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
夜蛾科/幼Noctuidae/L | — | — | 2 | 0.34 | 4 | 0.81 | 6 | 0.43 | ||
尺蛾科/幼Geometridae/L | 14 | 4.44 | 10 | 1.68 | 5 | 1.01 | 29 | 2.07 | ||
舟蛾科/幼Notodontidae/L | — | — | 1 | 0.17 | — | — | 1 | 0.07 | ||
总个体数Total individuals | 315 | 100 | 596 | 100 | 494 | 100 | 1 405 | 100 | ||
总类群数Total group number | 29 | — | 41 | — | 39 | — | 55 | — |
Table 2
Dynamics of vertical distribution of soil fauna in three forests(mean ± SE)"
经营样地 Plot | 月份 Month | 类群数Group numbers | 平均密度Mean density/(ind·m-2) | |||||
凋落物层 Litter layer | 0~10 cm土层 0-10 cm layer | 10~20 cm土层 0-20 cm layer | 凋落物层 Litter layer | 0~10 cm土层 0-10 cm layer | 10~20 cm土层 10-20 cm layer | |||
未经营CK | 5月May | 6.00±1.15Ba | 6.00±0.00Aa | 2.00±0.58Bb | 14.08±3.65Aa | 17.04±2.97Aa | 11.85±2.60Aa | |
7月July | 6.00±1.00Aa | 5.00±0.58Aab | 2.00±0.58Bb | 13.71±5.46Aa | 19.26±5.46Ba | 13.71±1.62Ba | ||
9月Sep. | 4.33±1.76Ba | 3.33±0.67Aa | 3.33±0.33Aa | 16.67±8.98Aa | 6.30±1.85Aa | 4.08±0.74Aa | ||
间伐TH | 5月May | 12.00±2.89Aa | 7.67±1.76Ab | 6.00±1.00Ab | 22.22±7.70Aa | 24.82±3.65Aa | 16.30±0.74Aa | |
7月July | 9.00±1.15Aa | 7.00±1.15Aab | 4.67±0.88ABb | 27.41±6.46Ab | 52.97±10.23Aa | 53.71±28.51Aa | ||
9月Sep. | 6.33±0.33ABa | 3.00±1.15Aa | 4.00±0.58Aa | 10.37±2.67Aa | 5.56±2.57Aa | 7.41±2.06Aa | ||
混交M | 5月May | 7.33±1.76Ba | 6.33±2.33Aa | 4.33±1.45ABa | 12.97±2.97Aa | 31.85±7.76Aa | 7.04±2.60Aa | |
7月July | 9.00±2.65Aa | 8.33±0.88Aa | 6.33±0.88Aa | 19.26±4.18Ab | 60.00±4.01Aa | 32.97±10.82ABb | ||
9月Sep. | 9.67±0.88Aa | 4.67±1.20bAa | 2.00±0.58Bb | 18.89±2.57Aa | 12.22±1.29Aa | 3.71±1.48Aa |
Table 3
Diversity indexes of soil macro-fauna in three forests(mean ± SE)"
经营样地Plot | H | Jd | H | Jd | |||||
5月May | 7月July | 9月Sep. | 5月May | 7月July | 9月Sep. | ||||
未经营CK | 2.21±0.01B | 0.90±0.01A A | 1.66±0.18Ba | 1.66±0.20Aa | 1.79±0.170Aa | 0.82±0.04Aa | 0.80±0.08Aa | 0.90±0.06Aa | |
间伐TH | 2.37±0.07AB | 0.87±0.03A | 2.36±0.22Aa | 1.75±0.13Ab | 2.13±0.07Aab | 0.91±0.03Aa | 0.83±0.06Aa | 0.93±0.02Aa | |
混交M | 2.52±0.09A | 0.91±0.01A | 2.32±0.12ABa | 1.89±0.15Aa | 2.22±0.16Aa | 0.95±0.02Aab | 0.83±0.01Ab | 0.95±0.01Aa |
Table 4
MANOVA of soil macro-faunal functional groups"
项目Source | 腐食性Saprophagous | 捕食性Predatism | 植食性Phytophagy | 杂食性Omnivory | |||||||
平均密度 Density | 类群 Group | 平均密度 Density | 类群 Group | 平均密度 Density | 类群 Group | 平均密度 Density | 类群 Group | ||||
经营措施Man. | 0.804 | 0.067 | 0.040* | 0.161 | 0.067 | 0.003** | 0.005** | 0.141 | |||
土层Lay. | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.018* | 0.000** | 0.021** | 0.150 | 0.000** | 0.000** | |||
月份Mon. | 0.004** | 0.021* | 0.036* | 0.052 | 0.000** | 0.169 | 0.025* | 0.029* | |||
经营措施×取样层次Man.×Lay. | 0.065 | 0.194 | 0.690 | 0.539 | 0.489 | 0.331 | 0.095 | 0.578 | |||
月份×经营措施Mon.×Man. | 0.092 | 0.001** | 0.295 | 0.392 | 0.064 | 0.105 | 0.044* | 0.103 | |||
月份×取样层次Mon.×Lay. | 0.555 | 0.489 | 0.835 | 0.880 | 0.002** | 0.003* | 0.043* | 0.126 | |||
月份×经营措施×取样层次Mon.×Man.×Lay. | 0.331 | 0.127 | 0.942 | 0.571 | 0.529 | 0.573 | 0.005** | 0.845 |
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