六盘山半干旱区华北落叶松人工林林下日蒸散特征及其影响因子

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20190902

Abstract

Abstract: [Objective] The variation of daily forest floor evapotranspiration (DFFET) of a larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii) plantation and its response to environmental factors were studied in the small watershed of Diediegou at the northern part of Liupan Mountains, in the semi-arid northwestern China, for an accurate calculation and prediction of the forest evapotranspiration (ET), and for the fine forest management to solve the forest-water contradiction.[Method] A representative sample plot of larch plantation was selected, and the meteorological conditions both inside and outside the forest plot were monitored in August-October of 2013. The potential evapotranspiration (PET) was selected as a meteorological factor to reflect the integrated effects on DFFET by the various meteorological parameters. Within the plot, 11 micro-lysimeters were set up at representative sites, of which 6 were rain-proof treated to enlarge the soil moisture variation range for a better analysis of the soil moisture effect, while other 5 ones were treated under natural conditions. The DFFET and daily soil moisture in the lysimeter were monitored. Based on the analysis of the responses of DFFET to soil moisture and meteorological factors, a DFFET model was established to reflect the comprehensive effects of environmental factors.[Result] During the study period, the DFFET showed a large fluctuation range, and characterized by a gradual decrease with declining air temperature, solar radiation and rainfall. The DFFET was obviously influenced by many meteorological factors, but the main meteorological factors differed among months and weather types, from the saturation vapor pressure deficit in August to the solar radiation in September and the daily maximum temperature in October; and from the PET and solar radiation in cloudy days to the temperature in sunny days and the PET in rainy days. Besides the weather parameter of PET which can reflect the integrated impact of many meteorological factors, soil moisture is also an important factor influencing DFFET under both rain-proof and natural conditions. With rising PET and soil moisture, the DFFET increased rapidly at first and then slowly, but leveled off after a certain threshold (PET of 4.5 mm·d^-1, volumetric soil moisture of 35% or relative soil moisture of 0.56) was reached. The model of DFFET (ET_U, mm·d^-1) coupling the effects of PET (mm·d^-1) and volumetric soil moisture (VSM,%) was established and well fitted using field measured data, as:ET_U=(-0.045PET²+1.392PET)(1-EXP(-1.292VSM)), (R²=0.80).[Conclusion] The DFFET of the larch plantation in the semi-arid area of Liupan Mountains increased with rising PET and soil moisture, but with a gradually declining rate and finally stabilized after reaching their thresholds. Using a DFFET model considering the effects of both PET and soil moisture can improve the calculation and prediction accuracy..

Key words: Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation, forest floor evapotranspiration, coupled model, soil moisture, potential evapotranspiration, semi-arid region

CLC Number:

S718.55+3

Han Xinsheng, Wang Yanhui, Li Zhenhua, Wang Yanbing, Yu Pengtao, Xiong Wei. Daily Forest Floor Evapotranspiration of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation and Its Influencing Factors in the Semi-Arid Area of Liupan Mountains[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(9): 11-21.

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Daily Forest Floor Evapotranspiration of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation and Its Influencing Factors in the Semi-Arid Area of Liupan Mountains

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