施肥对闽楠幼苗光合碳固定的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220505

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: In this paper, the effects of different fertilization rates and models of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on photosynthetic characteristics, organic compound content and enzyme activities in leaves, and nutrients of Phoebe bournei seedlings were investigated, to reveal the mechanism of photosynthetic carbon fixation regulated by fertilization, which would provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of strong seedlings and scientific fertilization of P. bournei. Objective: The "3414" field experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of different N, P, K fertilization treatments on photosynthetic pigment contents, photosynthetic indexes, leaf organic compound content and enzyme activities of P. bournei seedlings. The range analysis method was used to screen the best N, P, K fertilization model. The stepwise regression, correlation and path analysis method were used to construct the photosynthetic carbon fixation pathway regulated by fertilization. Result: 1) N, P, K fertilization increased the photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthesis, transpiration and water use capacity, reduced the contents of soluble sugars, soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA), increased the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS) and acid phosphatase (ACP), inhibited polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, increased leaf starch content, and then promoted leaf carbon fixation of P. bournei seedlings. In the photosynthetic carbon metabolism, ACP, WUE and starch content were the key regulation points. 2) N element enhanced NR activity, increased chlorophyll a content, water use efficiency, and leaf carbon fixation of P. bournei seedlings. 3) P element increased chlorophyll b content, decreased MDA content, protected cell integrity, and improved carbon assimilation efficiency, but had no significant effect on the metabolism of photosynthate of P. bournei seedlings. 4) K element increased the contents of chlorophyll a and b, stomatal conductance, stomatal CO₂ and water use efficiency, starch content, and leaf carbon fixation of P. bournei seedlings. 5) Under the combined application of N, P and K fertilizer, the absorption of N, P and K was the most, which was significantly correlated with ACP activities, and was the most beneficial to photosynthetic carbon fixation, followed by the combined application of N and K fertilizer, and the smallest was single application of P fertilizer. The treatment effect of T6 (N: 0.532 g·plant^-1, P₂O₅: 0.133 g·plant^-1, K₂O: 0.356 g·plant^-1) was the best. Conclusion: After fertilization, P. bournei seedlings absorb N, P and K element, thereby increase the stomata ventilation, significantly improve the stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency, increase net photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic product, and protein synthesis. Under the action of ACP enzyme, fertilization regulates carbon metabolism, and promotes the production of starch which can provide material and energy for growth of P. bournei seedlings.

Key words: photosynthetic carbon fixation, N, P, K fertilization, acid phosphatase, water use efficiency, starch content, Phoebe bournei seedling

CLC Number:

S723.7
S794

Yan Wang,Jinling Feng,Xiaohui Wu,Lanming Huang,Juan Wu,Yu Chen,Zhijian Yang. Effects of Fertilization on Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation of Phoebe bournei Seedlings[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(5): 40-52.

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编号No.	处理Treament	N/(g·plant^-1)	P₂O₅/(g·plant^-1)	K₂O/(g·plant^-1)
T1	N₀P₀K₀	0(-)	0(-)	0(-)
T2	N₀P₂K₂	0(-)	2(0.133)	2(0.356)
T3	N₁P₂K₂	1(0.266)	2(0.133)	2(0.356)
T4	N₂P₀K₂	2(0.532)	0(-)	2(0.356)
T5	N₂P₁K₂	2(0.532)	1(0.067)	2(0.356)
T6	N₂P₂K₂	2(0.532)	2(0.133)	2(0.356)
T7	N₂P₃K₂	2(0.532)	3(0.200)	2(0.356)
T8	N₂P₂K₀	2(0.532)	2(0.133)	0(-)
T9	N₂P₂K₁	2(0.532)	2(0.133)	1(0.178)
T10	N₂P₂K₃	2(0.532)	2(0.133)	3(0.534)
T11	N₃P₂K₂	3(0.798)	2(0.133)	2(0.356)
T12	N₁P₁K₂	1(0.266)	1(0.067)	2(0.356)
T13	N₁P₂K₁	1(0.266)	2(0.133)	1(0.178)
T14	N₂P₁K₁	2(0.532)	1(0.067)	1(0.178)

处理 Treatment	N增量 N increment/(mg·plant^-1)	P增量 P increment/(mg·plant^-1)	K增量 K increment/(mg·plant^-1)	C增量 C increment/(mg·plant^-1)
T1	5.04±2.05 h	6.67±0.56 ef	52.80±8.91 g	82.62±4.73 h
T2	13.48±4.31 g	9.33±1.39 cdef	104.07±11.24 def	78.96±24.11 h
T3	29.11±4.24 de	11.12±3.01 bcd	130.46±3.14 bcd	125.49±20.29 ef
T4	36.93±1.22 bc	11.44±0.61 bc	117.34±24.99 cde	187.38±7.06 b
T5	38.58±0.84 bc	12.44±3.57 bc	150.75±13.87 bc	145.46±2.64 de
T6	56.07±4.85 a	17.92±5.72 a	265.83±46.88 a	287.94±19.52 a
T7	32.46±4.84 cde	12.18±1.00 bc	92.47±5.48 ef	174.81±11.30 bc
T8	28.00±0.70 e	7.64±0.47 def	56.06±30.95 g	147.84±2.23 de
T9	34.11±2.47 bcd	10.28±1.13 cde	91.23±9.86 ef	157.03±10.22 cd
T10	18.34±5.19 fg	6.33±2.39 f	139.35±7.97 bc	109.57±11.81 fg
T11	21.34±3.81 f	6.02±1.24 f	72.11±16.19 fg	91.62±10.03 gh
T12	36.08±1.05 bc	14.60±0.48 ab	152.20±2.11 b	164.24±1.17 bcd
T13	39.38±3.05 b	16.29±1.11 a	147.77±7.18 bc	153.82±29.28 cd
T14	37.65±1.24 bc	9.58±1.04 cdef	105.77±7.29 def	155.68±6.32 cd

施肥方式 Fertilization mode	叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content/(mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜含量 Carotenoids content/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素总含量 Total chlorophyll content/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a/b比值 Chlorophyll a/b ratio
NPK	5.80±0.19 a	2.01±0.18 a	0.59±0.05 a	7.39±0.25 a	2.60±0.08 a
NP	2.47±0.15 d	2.01±0.19 a	0.42±0.05 b	3.19±0.17 d	2.08±0.09 b
NK	3.89±0.18 b	2.01±0.25 a	0.56±0.06 a	4.93±0.22 b	2.08±0.11 b
PK	3.50±0.21 c	1.48±0.15 b	0.45±0.05 b	4.98±0.27 b	0.35±0.06 c
N	2.47±0.12 d	2.01±0.30 a	0.38±0.07 bc	3.14±0.11 d	2.08±0.13 b
P	2.08±0.14 e	1.11±0.08 c	0.31±0.04 c	3.19±0.14 d	0.20±0.03 c
K	2.66±0.23 d	1.13±0.22 bc	0.44±0.07 b	3.79±0.28 c	0.28±0.09 c

施肥方式 Fertilization mode	C_i/ (mmol·mol^-1)	Tr/ (mmol·m^-2s^-1)	g_s/ (mol·m^-2s^-1)	P_n/ (μmol·m^-2s^-1)	WUE
NPK	0.217±0.010 a	0.80±0.03a	0.17±0.01 a	4.70±0.16 a	8.30±0.23 a
NP	0.137±0.011 c	0.48±0.02 c	0.12±0.01 b	3.46±0.08 c	6.12±0.17 b
NK	0.124±0.007 c	0.51±0.03 c	0.16±0.01 a	4.31±0.20 b	3.58±0.30 d
PK	0.172±0.010 b	0.61±0.04 b	0.05±0.01 c	3.68±0.19 c	7.99±0.27 a
N	0.124±0.008 c	0.30±0.02 d	0.12±0.01 b	2.81±0.08 d	3.49±0.18 d
P	0.137±0.011 c	0.48±0.02 c	0.04±0.02 c	2.29±0.07 e	4.52±0.12 c
K	0.091±0.007 d	0.51±0.05 c	0.04±0.01 c	3.62±0.29 c	1.86±0.39 e

施肥方式 Fertilization mode	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content/ (mg·g^-1)	淀粉含量 Starch content/ (mg·g^-1)	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content/ (mg·g^-1)	MDA含量 MDA content/ (mmol·g^-1)
NPK	0.133±0.022 a	0.050±0.004 a	0.203±0.017 a	0.049±0.003 a
NP	0.112±0.022 ab	0.049±0.002 a	0.164±0.025 b	0.033±0.005 b
NK	0.112±0.020 ab	0.035±0.005 b	0.183±0.016 ab	0.020±0.003 d
PK	0.097±0.021 bc	0.049±0.006 a	0.160±0.013 b	0.030±0.002 b
N	0.112±0.016 ab	0.035±0.009 b	0.097±0.008 c	0.015±0.001 e
P	0.076±0.022 cd	0.049±0.008 a	0.098±0.006 c	0.025±0.002 c
K	0.045±0.020 d	0.020±0.002 c	0.160±0.034 b	0.018±0.001d e

Effects of Fertilization on Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation of Phoebe bournei Seedlings

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施肥方式 Fertilization mode	NR酶活性 NR activity/(μg·g^-1min^-1)	GS酶活性 GS activity/(μg·g^-1min^-1)	PPO酶活性 PPO activity/(μg·g^-1min^-1)	ACP酶活性 ACP activity/(μg·g^-1min^-1)
NPK	0.100±0.001 a	0.054±0.002 a	0.875±0.013 a	0.880±0.056 a
NP	0.090±0.001 b	0.034±0.002 b	0.872±0.013 a	0.794±0.069 ab
NK	0.048±0.003 c	0.051±0.001 a	0.815±0.011 b	0.794±0.053 ab
PK	0.096±0.005 a	0.051±0.002 a	0.030±0.003 c	0.822±0.040 ab
N	0.044±0.002 c	0.017±0.001 c	0.030±0.001 c	0.794±0.062 ab
P	0.088±0.004 b	0.034±0.003 b	0.019±0.002 c	0.754±0.046 b
K	0.043±0.002 c	0.051±0.003 a	0.021±0.001 c	0.734±0.034 b

指标Index	N增量 N increment	P增量 P increment	K增量 K increment	指标Index	N增量 N increment	P增量 P increment	K增量 K increment
叶绿素a含量 Content of chlorophyll a	0.526^**	0.151	0.469^**	可溶性糖含量 Content of soluble sugar content	-0.159	0.091	0.098
叶绿素b含量 Content of chlorophyll b	0.375^*	0.297^*	0.535^**	淀粉含量 Content of starch content	0.314^*	0.149	0.394^**
类胡萝卜含量 Content of carotenoids	0.304^*	-0.043	0.249	可溶性蛋白含量 Content of soluble protein content	-0.075	-0.043	0.063
叶绿素总量 Content of total chlorophyll	0.527^**	0.205	0.550^**	MDA含量 Content of MDA content	-0.108	-0.080	-0.124
叶绿素a/b比值 Chlorophyll a/b ratio	0.293^*	-0.100	0.004	ACP酶活性 ACP activity	0.670^**	0.473^**	0.632^**
C_i	0.094	0.017	0.114	GS酶活性 GS activity	0.340^*	0.130	0.193
Tr	0.326^*	0.233	0.510^**	PPO酶活性 PPO activity	0.211	0.465^**	0.223
g_s	0.348^*	0.433^**	0.285	NR酶活性 NR activity	0.491^**	0.353^*	0.466^**
P_n	0.423^**	0.460^**	0.610^**	C增量 C increment	0.816^**	0.780^**	0.785^**
WUE	0.419^**	0.332^*	0.340^*

指标 Index	相关系数 correlation coefficient	直接系数 Direct coefficient	间接系数Indirect coefficient
指标 Index	相关系数 correlation coefficient	直接系数 Direct coefficient	叶绿素总量 Content of total chlorophyll	叶绿素a/b比值 Chlorophyll a/b ratio	C_i	Tr	WUE	淀粉含量 Content of starch	可溶性蛋白含量 Content of soluble protein	ACP酶活性 ACP activity	NR酶活性 NR activity
叶绿素总量 Content of total chlorophyll	0.362^*	0.354		-0.097	-0.248	-0.382	0.324	0.278	-0.017	0.255	-0.106
叶绿素a/b 比值Chlorophyll a/b ratio	0.054	-0.253	0.136		-0.022	-0.171	0.032	0.013	0.105	0.240	-0.025
C_i	-0.017	-0.610	0.144	-0.009		-0.123	0.541	0.108	-0.040	0.061	-0.089
Tr	0.254	-0.537	0.240	-0.081	-0.140		0.264	0.400	-0.083	0.245	-0.054
WUE	0.369^*	0.751	0.153	-0.011	-0.440	-0.180		0.052	-0.013	0.145	-0.090
淀粉含量 Content of starch content	0.315^*	0.587	0.168	-0.005	-0.112	-0.366	0.067		-0.223	0.255	-0.055
可溶性蛋白含量 Content of soluble protein content	-0.120	-0.415	0.014	0.064	-0.059	-0.107	0.024	0.316		0.084	-0.042
ACP酶活性 ACP activity	0.643^**	0.749	0.121	-0.081	-0.050	-0.175	0.146	0.200	-0.047		-0.219
NR酶活性 NR activity	0.361^*	-0.296	0.127	-0.021	-0.183	-0.098	0.228	0.108	-0.059	0.553

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