含水率和温度对兴安落叶松木材声−超声参数的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250013

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to explore the influence of moisture content (MC) and temperature (T) on acousto-ultrasonic (AU) parameters of Larix gmelinii wood in order to provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for the application of acousto-ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology in wood research field. Method: Four acousto-ultrasonic parameters including wave velocity (V), amplitude voltage (A), root mean square voltage (RMS), frequency-centroid (FC) of small clear specimens of L. gmelinii were measured under four moisture content levels (6%, 12%, 24%, 85%) and four temperature levels (?20 ℃, 0 ℃, 20 ℃, 40 ℃). The significance of difference and changes of each AU parameter under different moisture content and temperature conditions were compared, the influence of moisture content and temperature on different acoustic-ultrasonic parameters of wood and the reasons were analyzed. Result: 1) Moisture content and temperature had significant effects on each acousto-ultrasonic parameter of wave velocity, amplitude voltage, root mean square voltage and frequency centroid (P<0.05), and the interaction between moisture content and temperature was extremely significant (P<0.001). 2) The wave velocity, amplitude voltage and root mean square voltage decreased with the increase of moisture content at the temperature of 0 ℃, 20 ℃ and 40 ℃. The wave velocity decreased with the increase of moisture content, but the change trend of amplitude voltage, root mean square voltage and frequency-centroid was not obvious and the change range was small at the temperature of ?20 ℃. 3) The difference of the frequency-centroid among the moisture content of 6%, 12% and 24% was small, and the frequency-centroid of the moisture content of 6%, 12% and 24% were all significantly higher than that of the moisture content of 85% at the temperature of ?20 ℃, 0 ℃, 20 ℃ and 40 ℃. 4) Temperature had little effect on wave velocity, amplitude voltage, root mean square voltage and frequency-centroid at the moisture content of 6%, 12% and 24%. The amplitude voltage, root mean square voltage and frequency-centroid at the temperature of ?20 ℃ were significantly higher than those at other temperatures, the differences among amplitude voltage, root mean square voltage and frequency-centroid at the temperature of 0 ℃, 20 ℃ and 40 ℃ were not significant, and there was no significant difference in wave velocity at the temperature of ?20 ℃, 0 ℃, 20 ℃ and 40 ℃ (P>0.05) at the moisture content of 85%. Conclusion: 1）For saturated larch wood, the water freezing significantly enhances the propagation ability of ultrasonic wave at the temperature of ?20 ℃. The amplitude voltage, root mean square voltage and frequency-centroid at the temperature of ?20 ℃ increases significantly compared with the temperature of 0 ℃, 20 ℃ and 40 ℃, but the change of wave velocity is not significant. For larch wood below fiber saturation point, temperature has little effect on ultrasonic wave propagation in wood. 2) When the temperature is greater than or equal to 0 ℃, moisture content has a significant effect on the propagation velocity and energy attenuation of ultrasonic wave in wood due to the viscosity of water, and the wave velocity, amplitude voltage and root mean square voltage decrease with the increase of moisture content. The wave velocity also tends to decrease with the increase of moisture content at the temperature of ?20 ℃. However, the moisture content has no significant effect on the propagation energy of ultrasonic wave in wood due to the phase change of water, and the change amplitude of amplitude voltage and root mean square voltage is small. 3) When the temperature is above or equal to 0 ℃, the influence of moisture content on the frequency-centroid is very small if the moisture content of wood is lower than the fiber saturation point, while the frequency-centroid decreases significantly if the moisture content of wood is higher than the fiber saturation point, because a large amount of free water in the cell cavity leads to the attenuation of high-frequency components in the ultrasonic signal. Moisture content has no significant effect on frequency-centroid atthe temperature of ?20 ℃.

Key words: Larix gmelinii, nondestructive testing, moisture content, temperature, acousto-ultrasonic (AU) parameters

CLC Number:

S781

Xunya Zhang,Huaqiang Yu,Yafang Yin,Xiaomei Jiang. Effect of Moisture Content and Temperature on Acousto-Ultrasonic Parameters of Larix gmelinii Wood[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2026, 62(1): 156-163.

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平衡含水率 Equilibrium moisture contents（%）	干球温度 Dry bulb temperature/℃	湿球温度 Wet bulb temperature/℃	相对湿度 Relative humidity（%）
24	40	39.7	96.5
24	20	19.6	95.1
12	40	34.0	69.1
12	20	16.5	65.0
6	40	28.5	31.9
6	20	12.6	28.8

含水率 Moisture content (%)	温度 Temperature /℃	波速 Wave velocity/(m·s^--1)		峰值电压 Amplitude voltage/V		均方根电压 Root mean square voltage/V		频率形心 Frequency-centroid/kHz
含水率 Moisture content (%)	温度 Temperature /℃	平均值 Mean	标准偏差 Standard deviation	平均值 Mean	标准偏差 Standard deviation	平均值 Mean	标准偏差 Standard deviation	平均值 Mean	标准偏差 Standard deviation
6	?20	6 833	469	0.225	0.106	0.027	0.010	64.147	3.574
6	0	6 791	470	0.292	0.138	0.034	0.014	66.385	3.877
6	20	6 686	495	0.328	0.133	0.036	0.013	66.490	4.309
6	40	6 412	462	0.323	0.153	0.035	0.014	66.411	3.963
	合计Total	6 566	578	0.292	0.139	0.033	0.013	65.858	4.033
12	?20	6 670	474	0.179	0.078	0.018	0.008	61.538	4.451
12	0	6 619	467	0.214	0.080	0.020	0.008	61.118	5.727
12	20	6 538	473	0.216	0.116	0.021	0.010	61.577	4.514
12	40	5 955	391	0.167	0.076	0.016	0.007	61.674	3.779
	合计Total	6 560	476	0.189	0.104	0.019	0.008	61.477	4.640
24	?20	5 973	421	0.187	0.073	0.021	0.007	64.469	4.084
24	0	5 850	439	0.141	0.066	0.018	0.006	64.540	4.324
24	20	5 827	436	0.214	0.117	0.023	0.008	66.326	4.924
24	40	5 745	429	0.213	0.130	0.023	0.009	67.369	5.207
	合计Total	5 849	436	0.065	0.101	0.007	0.008	65.676	4.782
85	?20	4 807	316	0.204	0.117	0.018	0.009	57.163	13.875
85	0	4 749	334	0.020	0.022	0.003	0.002	37.711	4.986
85	20	4 713	323	0.016	0.005	0.003	0.001	36.381	3.897
85	40	4 724	327	0.017	0.006	0.003	0.001	35.116	5.102
	合计Total	5 932	874	0.185	0.136	0.020	0.013	41.612	12.094

项目 Item	独立变量 Dependent variable	自由度 Degree of freedom	F值 F value	显著性 Significance
温度 Temperature	波速 Wave velocity	3	27.18	<0.001
	峰值电压Amplitude voltage	3	4.28	<0.001
	均方根电压Root mean square voltage	3	2.91	0.03
	频率形心Frequency-centroid	3	30.76	<0.001
含水率 Moisture content	波速Wave velocity	3	809.75	<0.001
	峰值电压Amplitude voltage	3	174.62	<0.001
	均方根电压Root mean square voltage	3	302.76	<0.001
	频率形心Frequency-centroid	3	861.61	<0.001
温度×含水率 Temperature×moisture content	波速Wave velocity	9	8.72	<0.001
	峰值电压Amplitude voltage	9	20.66	<0.001
	均方根电压Root mean square voltage	9	18.46	<0.001
	频率形心Frequency-centroid	9	52.68	<0.001

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Effect of Moisture Content and Temperature on Acousto-Ultrasonic Parameters of Larix gmelinii Wood

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