栽植模式对木荷幼林生长和形质性状家系变异影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220509

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to study the genetic variation of growth and form-quality traits of Schima superba young plantation under two different plantation patterns: pure plantation and mixed plantation with Cunninghamia lanceolata, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the selection and efficient breeding of superior varieties of S. superba. Method: This experiment was conducted in a 7-year-old S. superba family-test trial forest that was established in 2014 in Yanping District, Nanping City, Fujian Province, under two planting modes of pure plantation and mixed plantation with C. lanceolata (S. superba∶C. lanceolata 1∶2 column mixture). The family genetic variation of its growth and form-quality traits was analyzed, and the genetic parameters were estimated and the correlation analysis was conducted. Result: The growth and form-quality traits of S. superba families were significantly affected by the two plantation patterns of pure and mixed plantation (P < 0.05), and the block effect was also significant. Compared to the pure plantation pattern, the mixed with C. lanceolata significantly promoted the phenotypic differentiation of growth and form-quality traits of S. superba family. The values of tree height, diameter at breast height, crown width and stem straightness were increased, which were 18%, 16% and 15% higher than those in the pure plantation pattern, respectively. The number of forks in trunk decreased significantly, which was only 78% of that in the pure plantation pattern. In the pure plantation pattern, S. superba traits were generally controlled by weak to strong family genetic control (0.18-0.53) and weak individual genetic control (0.03 ~ 0.13). When being mixed with C. lanceolata, the estimated values of family heritability and individual plant heritability of S. superba traits were generally improved. Especially, the heritability of tree height, diameter at breast height, number of forks in trunk and stem straightness were 31%, 72%, 20% and 31% higher than that of pure plantation, respectively. There were different genetic responses to growth and form-quality traits of S. superba under the two plantation patterns. The growth performance and rank change of S. superba families were significantly changed when being mixing with C. lanceolata. Correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between growth traits and form-quality traits (except the height under branches) of S. superba families under the two plantation patterns. Growth and form-quality traits seemed to be independent of each other. The relationship among tree height, diameter at breast height and the under branch height was close and not affected by plantation pattern. Mixing with C. lanceolata not only affected the growth of S. superba crown, but also effectively weakened the relationship between the maximum branch angle, the height under branches and the maximum branch diameter, as well as the influence of the number of branching branches on the stem straightness. The relationship between tree height, diameter at breast height and the height under branch was not easily affected by plantation pattern, but the relationship between crown width and diameter height, the relationship between maximum branch angle, the height under branches and maximum branch diameter, and the relationship between the number of forks in trunk and the stem straightness were all weakened by mixing with C. lanceolata. Conclusion: The growth and form-quality traits of S. superba families are significantly affected by pure and mixed plantation. The mixed plantation with C. lanceolata can promote the phenotypic differentiation of S. superba families, and improve the estimated heritability of growth and form-quality traits in families and individuals. For the construction of S. superba plantation, it is necessary to select suitable and good S. superba families for plantation according to the habitat conditions and cultivation patterns, and to prune and remove the excess branches of S. superba timely to cultivate high quality wood.

Key words: Schima superba, plantation pattern, family, growth, form-quality, variation

CLC Number:

Deqing Xiao,Qianqian Luo,Huihua Fan,Qun Qiu,Zhichun Zhou. Effects of Plantation Patterns on Family Variation in the Growth and Form-Quality Traits of Schima superba Young Plantation[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(5): 85-92.

Figures/Tables 6

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性状 Traits	均值 Mean	变异系数 Variable coefficient (%)	纯植均方 Mean square of pure plantation				均值 Mean	变异系数 Variable coefficient(%)	混交林均方 Mean square of mixed plantation				P
性状 Traits	均值 Mean	变异系数 Variable coefficient (%)	区组 Block	家系 Family	区组×家系 Block× family	机误 Error	均值 Mean	变异系数 Variable coefficient(%)	区组 Block	家系 Family	区组×家系 Block× family	机误 Error	P
树高 Tree height	5.59 m	3.62	8.044^**	1.702^**	1.101^**	0.452	6.60 m	2.60	4.781^**	1.053^*	0.523	0.428	0.000^**
胸径 DBH	5.00 cm	4.44	1.855	1.877	1.618^*	0.985	5.79 cm	6.64	35.842^**	5.054^*	3.898^**	1.963	0.000^**
冠幅 Crown width	2.34 m	2.14	0.844^**	0.098	0.069	0.087	2.51 m	5.28	3.414^**	0.555^**	0.272	0.206	0.000^**
枝下高 Under-branch height	1.51 m	9.85	5.983^**	0.797^*	0.605	0.393	1.67 m	6.57	5.900^**	0.441	0.310	0.541	0.006^*
最粗分枝基径 Maximum branch diameter	1.93 cm	5.92	4.274^**	0.566	0.266	0.360	2.04 cm	9.34	0.560	1.247^**	0.400	0.433	0.037^*
最大分枝角度 Maximum branch angle	48.00°	4.26	0.096^**	0.026	0.019	0.016	57.00°	9.90	0.059	0.101^**	0.036	0.033	0.000^**
树干分叉数 Number of forks in trunk	1.71	22.32	0.713	0.921^**	0.492	0.414	1.33	20.29	1.543^**	0.862^*	0.337	0.346	0.002^**
树干通直度 Stem straightness	3.30	4.48	0.602^**	0.069	0.047	0.040	3.79	4.74	1.036^**	0.076	0.044	0.052	0.000^**

性状 Traits	纯植Pure plantation		混交林Mixed plantation
性状 Traits	家系遗传力 Family heritability	单株遗传力 Individual heritability	家系遗传力 Family heritability	单株遗传力 Individual heritability
树高Tree height	0.39±0.37	0.13±0.23	0.51±0.27	0.14±0.14
胸径DBH	0.18±0.37	0.03±0.23	0.31±0.44	0.08±0.24
冠幅Crown width	0.30±0.46	0.04±0.12	0.52±0.26	0.15±0.16
枝下高 Under-branch height	0.25±0.41	0.05±0.17	0.29±0.45	0.03±0.14
最粗分枝基径 Maximum branch diameter	0.53±0.35	0.10±0.12	0.68±0.18	0.23±0.17
最大分枝角度 Maximum branch angle	0.35±0.37	0.06±0.04	0.63±0.21	0.22±0.17
树干分叉数 Number of forks in trunk	0.50±0.29	0.12±0.04	0.60±0.23	0.17±0.14
树干通直度 Stem straightness	0.32±0.29	0.06±0.04	0.42±0.40	0.08±0.14

林分类型 Stand type	树高 Tree height	胸径 DBH	冠幅 Crown width	枝下高 Under-branch height	最粗分枝基径 Maximum branch diameter	最大分枝角度 Maximum branch angle	树干分叉数 Number of forks in trunk	树干通直度 Stem straightness
纯植－混交林 Pure plantation- Mixed plantation	0.059	0.104	0.080	0.875^**	-0.074	0.065	0.055	0.017

性状 Traits	树高 Tree height	胸径 DBH	冠幅 Crown width	枝下高 Under- branch height	最粗分枝基径 Maximum branch diameter	最大分枝角度 Maximum branch angle	树干分叉数 Number of forks in trunk	树干通直度 Stem straightness
树高Tree height		0.380^*	0.438^**	0.477^**	-0.315	-0.195	-0.004	-0.024
胸径DBH	0.473^**		0.086	0.190	0.105	-0.165	-0.121	0.192
冠幅Crown width	0.062	0.617^**		0.451^**	-0.246	0.005	-0.028	0.050
枝下高Under-branch height	0.575^**	0.464^**	0.288		-0.197	-0.350^*	-0.161	-0.062
最粗分枝基径 Maximum branch diameter	0.107	0.292	0.225	-0.078		-0.357^*	0.089	0.281
最大分枝角度 Maximum branch angle	-0.129	-0.087	0.255	-0.052	-0.279		-0.151	0.313
树干分叉数 Number of forks in trunk	-0.043	0.260	0.206	-0.125	-0.178	0.252		-0.472^**
树干通直度Stem straightness	-0.031	0.022	0.317	0.084	0.117	0.136	-0.010

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Effects of Plantation Patterns on Family Variation in the Growth and Form-Quality Traits of Schima superba Young Plantation

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