杨树人工林种间混交对生长性状和食叶害虫抗性的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210813

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: In this paper, effects of poplar inter-species plantations on growth characteristics and resistance to defoliators were surveyed to explore the planting mode of poplar plantation with high quality, high resistance and high efficiency, so as to provide a theoretical basis for enriching and enhancing the economic and ecological value of poplar plantation. Method: In 2016, four dominant three-year-old poplar species (cultivar), namely Populus alba×P. berolinensis, P. simonii×P. nigra '14', P. simonii×P. nigra, and P. nigra×P. simonii 'Yingchun 5' were selected in Heilongjiang Province. The seedlings were planted with either individual species (cultivar) or 4 species (cultivars) mixed together for forestation. Total number of 2 880 three-year-old seedlings were planted with 5 treatments and 4 repeated areas covering an area of 6.7 hm². The height, DBH and crown width of poplar trees were measured from 2016 to 2019. From 2017 to 2019, 40 sample trees of each species (cultivar) in different planting modes were randomly selected, and the branches with a length of 40 cm in 4 directions were cut. The leaves damaged by defoliators were classified into 4 categories, and the damage rate was calculated according to 4 parameters: 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and 1. Result: There were significant differences in tree height and DBH growth rate among treatments from 2016 to 2019. However the difference of growth rate among the species (cultivars) was greater than that affected by planting methods. DBH growth rate of Populus alba×P. berolinensis in mixed forest was significantly higher than that in pure forest (P < 0.05), and DBH growth rate of P. nigra×P. simonii 'Yingchun 5' in mixed forest was significantly lower than that in pure forest (P < 0.05). From 2017 to 2019, there was a significant difference in the growth rate of crown width among treatments. The crown width of each species (cultivar) in pure forest was larger than that of the corresponding species (cultivar) in mixed forest, but the difference was not significant. There was a significant difference in the leaf damage rate among treatments. The resistance to defoliators was in order of P. alba×P. berolinensis > P. simonii×P. nigra > P. simonii×P. nigra'14'> P. nigra×P. simonii 'Yingchun 5'. The leaf damage rate in mixed forest was between 4 pure forests. The leaf damage rate of P. alba×P. berolinensis in pure forest and mixed forest was relatively stable for three consecutive years; the difference was significant between P. simonii×P. nigra and P. simonii×P. nigra'14'in mixed forest in 2017 and 2018 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it is illuminated that the difference in growth rate among poplar species (cultivar) is significantly greater than that influenced by planting modes. P. alba×P. berolinensis is the dominant species among the four species (cultivars), and P. nigra×P. simonii 'Yingchun 5' is the relatively weak one. The poplar species (cultivar) show additive effect in mixed forest. The growth competition among species (cultivar) exists the phenomenon that the strong is stronger and the weak is weaker. The defoliators resistance between P. simonii×P. nigra and P. simonii×P. nigra'14'is significantly different in mixed forest. The leaf damage rate in mixed forest is relatively stable for three consecutive years, which is similar to the dominant tree species, P. alba×P. berolinensis in pure forest. The leaf damage rate of the other three species (cultivars) changes greatly. P. nigra×P. simonii 'Yingchun 5' has the largest leaf damage rate in mixed forest. Except for P. alba×P. berolinensis, the leaf damage rate of each species (cultivar) in mixed forest is lower than that in pure forest, showing the non-additive effect of association resistance. According to the above conclusions, we suggest that poplar plantation should strengthen the diversified allocation of tree species or cultivars, and it is better to mix the dominant tree species (cultivars), which can improve the association resistance, reduce the incidence of diseases and defoliators, and improve the stand quality and production.

Key words: mixed plantation, pure plantation, growth, leaf damage, planting mode

CLC Number:

Haibo Chen,Li Guo,Zhen Zhang,Xiangbo Kong,Sufang Zhang,Fu Liu. Effects of Poplar Inter-Species Mixed Plantations on Growth Characteristics and Resistance to Defoliators[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(8): 133-140.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.3

References 0

	陈盼飞, 左力辉, 王桂英, 等. 盐胁迫下转复合多基因欧美杨107杨幼苗生长及生理响应. 林业科学, 2017, 53 (7): 45- 53.
	Chen P F , Zuo L H , Wang G Y , et al. Growth and physiological responses of transgenic Populus×euramericana cv. '74/76' with multiple genes under salt stress. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53 (7): 45- 53.
	郭丽, 张真, 孔祥波, 等. 不同栽培方式对4种黑杨派无性系生长及对春尺蠖抗性的影响. 林业科学, 2020, 56 (5): 196- 205.
	Guo L , Zhang Z , Kong X B , et al. Effects on growth by different cultivation types of four popular Aigeiros section clones, as well as on resistance to defoliator Apocheima cinerarius (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56 (5): 196- 205.
	李丹, 黄绢, 张伟溪, 等. 盐胁迫条件下转多基因库安托杨根尖离子流变化. 林业科学, 2015, 51 (9): 35- 41.
	Li D , Huang J , Zhang W X , et al. Ion fluxes of multiple transgenic Populus×euramericana 'Guariento' under salt stress. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51 (9): 35- 41.
	李孟楼, 郭新荣, 庄世宏, 等. 混交林的多样性及其光肩星天牛的抗性研究. 林业科学, 2005, 41 (1): 157- 164. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2005.01.027
	Li M L , Guo X R , Zhuang S H , et al. Study on diversity of mixed forest and its pest resistance for Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschlsky). Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41 (1): 157- 164. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2005.01.027
	李真, 王留强, 卢孟柱. 毛白杨PtoWOX11/12a对杨树扦插苗生长发育的影响. 林业科学, 2017, 53 (11): 69- 76. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20171108
	Li Z , Wang L Q , Lu M Z . Effects of PtoWOX11/12a gene from Populus tomentosa on the growth and development of cutting seedlings in poplar. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53 (11): 69- 76. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20171108
	刘惠兰. 2010. 江苏省举办第三届中国杨树节暨中国杨树产业博览会. http://news.china.com.cn/rollnews/2010-03/29/content_1309651.htm.
	Liu H L. 2010. The third China poplar festival and China poplar industry expo was held in Jiangsu province. http://news.china.com.cn/rollnews/2010-03/29/content_1309651.htm. [in Chinese]).
	刘世荣. 沙棘对中国亚湿润干旱区杨树人工林生长与生产力的影响. 植物生态学报, 2000, 24 (2): 169- 174. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-264X.2000.02.008
	Liu S R . Effects of seabuckthorn on tree growth and biomass production of poplar plantations in a subhumid-arid area of China. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2000, 24 (2): 169- 174. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-264X.2000.02.008
	吕威, 卢楠, 侯荣轩, 等. 12年生转基因毛白杨外源基因转移及其对土壤微生物的影响. 东北林业大学学报, 2018, 46 (9): 1- 6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2018.09.001
	Lü W , Lu N , Hou R X , et al. Exogenous gene transfer of 12 a transgenic Populus [(Populus tomentosa×P. bolleana)×P. tomentosa] and its effect on soil microbial quantity. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2018, 46 (9): 1- 6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2018.09.001
	申俊芳, 任慧琴, 辛晓静, 等. 羊草基因型多样性能增强种群对干扰的响应. 生态学报, 2015, 35 (23): 7682- 7689.
	Shen J F , Ren H Q , Xin X J , et al. Leymus chinensis genotypic diversity increases the response of populations to disturbance. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35 (23): 7682- 7689.
	盛炜彤. 关于我国人工混交林问题. 林业科技通讯, 2016, (5): 12- 14.
	Sheng W T . The problem of artificial mixed forest in China. Forest Science and Technology, 2016, (5): 12- 14.
	盛炜彤. 关于我国人工林长期生产力的保持. 林业科学研究, 2018, 31 (1): 1- 14.
	Sheng W T . On the maintenance of long-term productivity of plantation in China. Forest Research, 2018, 31 (1): 1- 14.
	苏晓华, 张冰玉, 黄烈健, 等. 转基因林木研究进展. 林业科学研究, 2003, 16 (1): 95- 103. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1498.2003.01.016
	Su X H , Zhang B Y , Huang L J , et al. The research progress of transgenic trees. Forest Research, 2003, 16 (1): 95- 103. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-1498.2003.01.016
	孙振玫. 2017. 转IbLEA14和codA基因增强杨树耐旱性的生理机制. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文.
	Sun Z M. 2017. Physiological mechanisms of transgenic poplar with enhanced tolerance to drought stress by expressing IbLEA14 or codA gene. Yangling: MS thesis of Northwest A & F University. [in Chinese]
	吴景现. 杨树刺槐混交林造林技术研究. 河南林业科技, 2009, 29 (3): 33- 34. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-2630.2009.03.015
	Wu J X . Study on afforestation technology of poplar Robinia pseudoacacia mixed forest. Journal of Henan Forestry Science and Technology, 2009, 29 (3): 33- 34. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-2630.2009.03.015
	杨君珑, 宋丽华, 蒋万, 等. 新疆杨和臭椿混交林的生长及抗天牛虫害研究. 农业科学研究, 2009, 30 (1): 16- 19. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0747.2009.01.005
	Yang J L , Song L H , Jiang W , et al. Study of growth and resistance to damage caused by Anoplophora glabripennis in mixed forest of Ailanthus altissima and Populus bolleana. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 30 (1): 16- 19. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0747.2009.01.005
	姚丽, 高宝嘉. 转基因741杨对节肢动物群落结构的影响. 福建农业学报, 2016, 31 (5): 480- 486. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0384.2016.05.008
	Yao L , Gao B J . Effect of arthropod community structure in transgenic hybrid poplar 741. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 31 (5): 480- 486. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0384.2016.05.008
	Andersson P , Löfstedt C , Hambäck P A . Insect density-plant density relationships: A modified view of insect responses to resource concentrations. Oecologia, 2013, 173 (4): 1333- 1344. doi: 10.1007/s00442-013-2737-1
	Bravo-Oviedo A. 2018. The role of mixed forests in a changing social-ecological world//Bravo-Oviedo A, Pretzsch H, del Río M. Dynamics, Silviculture and Management of Mixed Forests, Vol 31. Springer, Cham.
	Castagneyrol B , Bonal D , Damien M , et al. Bottom-up and top-down effects of tree species diversity on leaf insect herbivory. Ecology Evolution, 2017, 7 (10): 3520- 3531. doi: 10.1002/ece3.2950
	Crutsinger G M , Collins M D , Fordyce J A , et al. Plant genotypic diversity predicts community structure and governs an ecosystem process. Science, 2006, 313 (5789): 966- 968. doi: 10.1126/science.1128326
	Damien M , Jactel H , Meredieu C , et al. Pest damage in mixed forests: Disentangling the effects of neighbor identity, host density and host apparency at different spatial scales. Forest Ecology and Management, 2016, 378, 103- 110. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.07.025
	FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2015. Global forest resource assessment 2015: How the world's forests are changing? FAO, Rome.
	Fox J W . Interpreting the "selection effect" of biodiversity on ecosystem function. Ecology Letters, 2005, 8 (8): 846- 856. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00795.x
	Genung M A , Bailey J K , Schweitzer J A . Welcome to the neighborhood: interspecific genotype by genotype interactions in Solidago influence above- and belowground biomass and associated communities. Ecology Letters, 2012, 15 (1): 65- 73. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01710.x
	Grettenberger I M , Tooker J F . Moving beyond resistance management toward an expanded role for seed mixtures in agriculture. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2015, 208, 29- 36.
	Grossman J J , Vanhellemont M , Barsoum N , et al. Synthesis and future research directions linking tree diversity to growth, survival, and damage in a global network of tree diversity experiments. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2018, 152 (10): 68- 89.
	Hoeber S , Arranz C , Nordh N E , et al. Genotype identity has a more important influence than genotype diversity on shoot biomass productivity in willow short-rotation coppices. Global Chance Biological Bioenergy, 2018, 10 (8): 534- 547. doi: 10.1111/gcbb.12521
	Hughes A R , Hanley T C , Schenck F R , et al. Genetic diversity of seagrass seeds influences seedling morphology and biomass. Ecology, 2016, 97 (12): 3538- 3546. doi: 10.1002/ecy.1587
	Huston M A . Hidden treatments in ecological experiments: Re-evaluating the ecosystem function of biodiversity. Oecologia, 1997, 110 (4): 449- 460. doi: 10.1007/s004420050180
	Jactel H , Birgersson G , Andersson S , et al. Non-host volatiles mediate associational resistance to the pine processionary moth. Oecologia, 2011, 166 (3): 703- 711. doi: 10.1007/s00442-011-1918-z
	Kos M , Bukovinszky T , Mulder P P J , et al. Disentangling above- and belowground neighbor effects on the growth, chemistry, and arthropod community on a focal plant. Ecology, 2015, 96 (1): 164- 175. doi: 10.1890/14-0563.1
	Liang J J , Crowther T W , Picard N , et al. Positive biodiversity-productivity relationship predominant in global forests. Science, 2016, 354 (6309): aaf8957. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf8957
	Loranger J , Meyer S T , Shipley B , et al. Predicting invertebrate herbivory from plant traits: Polycultures show strong nonadditive effects. Ecology, 2013, 94 (7): 1499- 1509. doi: 10.1890/12-2063.1
	Moreira X , Abdala-Roberts L , Parra-Tabla V , et al. Positive effects of plant genotypic and species diversity on antiherbivore defenses in a tropical tree species. PLoS ONE, 2014, 9 (8): e105438. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105438
	Newton A C , Begg G S , Swanston J S . Deployment of diversity for enhanced crop function. Annals of Applied Biology, 2009, 154 (3): 309- 322. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.2008.00303.x
	Pearse I S . The role of leaf defensive traits in oaks on the preference and performance of a polyphagous herbivore, Orgyia vetusta. Ecological Entomology, 2011, 36 (5): 635- 642. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2311.2011.01308.x
	Root R B . Organization of a plant-arthropod association in simple and diverse habitats: The fauna of collards (Brassica oleracea). Ecological Monographs, 1973, 43 (1): 95. doi: 10.2307/1942161
	Schweier J , Arranz C , Nock C A , et al. Impact of increased genotype or species diversity in short rotation coppice on biomass production and wood characteristics. BioEnergy Research, 2019, 12 (3): 497- 508. doi: 10.1007/s12155-019-09997-2
	Schweitzer J A , Fischer D G , Rehill B J , et al. Forest gene diversity is correlated with the composition and function of soil microbial communities. Population Ecology, 2011, 53 (1): 35- 46. doi: 10.1007/s10144-010-0252-3
	Shoffner A V , Tooker J F . The potential of genotypically diverse cultivar mixtures to moderate aphid populations in Oecologia wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Arthropod Plant Interact, 2013, 7 (1): 33- 43. doi: 10.1007/s11829-012-9226-z
	Straub C S , Simasek N P , Dohm R , et al. Plant diversity increases herbivore movement and vulnerability to predation. Basic and Applied Ecology, 2013, 15 (1): 50- 58.
	Vehviläinen H , Koricheva J , Ruohomäki K , et al. Effects of tree stand species composition on insect herbivory of silver birch in boreal forests. Basic Applied Ecology, 2006, 7 (1): 1- 11. doi: 10.1016/j.baae.2005.05.003
	Violle C , Navas M L , Vile D , et al. Let the concept of trait be functional!. Oikos, 2007, 116 (5): 882- 892. doi: 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2007.15559.x
	Zhang J Y , Bruelheide H , Chen X F , et al. Tree diversity promotes generalist herbivore community patterns in a young subtropical forest experiment. Oecologia, 2016, 183 (2): 455- 467.
	Zhang Q H , Schlyter F . Olfactory recognition and behavioural avoidance of angiosperm nonhost volatiles by conifer-inhabiting bark beetles. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 2004, 6 (1): 1- 20. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-9555.2004.00202.x

项目Item	银中杨 P. alba× P. berolinensis		小黑杨-14 P. simonii× P. nigra ‘14’		小黑杨 P. simonii× P. nigra		迎春5号杨 P. nigra×P. simonii ‘Yingchun 5’
项目Item	P	M	P	M	P	M	P	M
树高生长率 Growth rate of tree height	48.99±19.12 A	42.68±10.73 a	27.11±9.03 B	25.17±14.69 bc	28.91±7.25 B	30.59±6.81 b	21.48±16.72 B	19.08±5.77 c
胸径生长率 Growth rate of DBH	112.13±9.73 A	151.15±20.05^*a	93.22±10.66 B	102.86±8.62 b	134.55±7.58 A	118.72±9.14 b	86.94±12.29^*B	72.25±16.3 c
冠幅生长率Growth rate of crown breadth(2017—2019)	263.68±21.63 A	235.98±27.84 a	161.46±34.17 B	142.03±17.6 b	166.70±29.59 B	132.96±22.53 b	107.53±38.26^*C	71.71±18.88 c

年份Year	纯林Pure plantation				混交林 Mixed plantation
年份Year	银中杨 P. alba× P. berolinensis	小黑杨-14 P. simonii× P. nigra ‘14’	小黑杨 P. simonii× P. nigra	迎春5号 P. nigra×P. simonii ‘Yingchun 5’	混交林 Mixed plantation
2017	4.30±1.25 A	15.10±6.54 CD	10.57±2.72 BC	17.32±4.10 D	8.96±3.55 B
2018	3.39±1.26 A	9.27±3.65 CD	7.13±2.10 BC	11.33±3.95 D	6.71±5.55 B
2019	3.05±0.89 A	7.23±3.01 BC	5.82±2.33 B	8.34±3.51 C	6.10±4.62 B

年份Year	银中杨 P. alba× P. berolinensis	小黑杨-14 P. simonii× P. nigra ‘14’	小黑杨 P. simonii× P. nigra	迎春5号杨 P. nigra×P. simonii‘Yingchun 5’
2017	3.33±0.54 A	12.60±2.11 C	5.60±2.34 AB	14.31±6.60 C
2018	2.01±0.90 A	8.52±3.04 C	4.22±2.37 B	12.09±3.37 C
2019	2.48±0.77 A	5.77±2.75 BC	4.44±1.59 AB	11.72±4.70 C

[1]	Weiwei Zhang,Zhong Zhao,Jinliang Liu,Ping Deng. Population Dynamics and Seedling Characteristics of Three Community Types of Quercus acutissima in Qiaoshan Forest Region [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 1-10.
[2]	Min Chen,Huayan Lai,Shanshan Zheng,Ming Li,Xiangqing Ma,Pengfei Wu. Effects of Exogenous Ethylene on Growth and Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Chinese Fir Seedlings under Phosphorus Stress [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 43-50.
[3]	Miaomiao Wang,Yong Liu,Guolei Li,Yuxin Peng,Chunhe Liu,Jiansong Zhao,Shuhong Wang,Biao Dong,Changwei Wang,Ruirui Zhao. Effects of Autum Fertilization on Quality, Field Performance and Nutrient Resorption of Populus tomentosa Seedling [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 51-60.
[4]	Weiping Liu,Wei Song,Chao Gao,Yandong Zhao. Construction of Evaluation Model of Poplar Growth Status Based on Stem Moisture of Standing Trees [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(5): 43-52.
[5]	Bai Ouyang,Zhu Li,Jiali Jiang. Hygroscopicity and Swelling Behavior of Catalpa bungei Earlywood and Latewood [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(5): 176-183.
[6]	Bin Wang,Pengtao Yu,Yipeng Yu,Lei Zhang,Yanhui Wang,Yanfang Wan,Wenjuan Yang,Shunli Wang,Xiande Liu. Response of Radial Growth of Qinghai Spruce at Different Ages to Climate Change in Qilian Mountains, Northwestern China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(3): 1-8.
[7]	Hao Zang,Hongsheng Liu,Jincheng Huang,Zudong Zhang,Xunzhi Ouyang,Jinkui Ning. Effects of Competition, Climate Factors and Their Interactions on Diameter Growth for Chinese Fir Plantations [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(3): 39-50.
[8]	Xianglin Tian,Ziyan Liao,Shuaichao Sun,Hailian Xue,Bin Wang,Tianjian Cao. Impacts of Multiple Source Data on Forest Forecasting and Uncertainty Propagation [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(3): 51-66.
[9]	Minghui Sun,Yong Liu,Changwei Wang,Guolei Li,Miaomiao Wang,Xiehai Song,Xiaochao Chang,Fangfang Wan,Huaishan Song. Effects of Density and Row Spacing on the Quality of Populus tomentosa Seedling [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(3): 152-160.
[10]	Shuai Liu,Jianjun Li,Dongsheng Qing,Kaiwen Zhu,Zhenyan Ma. A Climate-Sensitive Individual-Tree DBH Growth Model for Cyclobalanopsis glauca [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(1): 95-104.
[11]	Zhengrong Gong,Yifeng Wang,Han Wang,Wei Li,Mingjian Geng,Wenming Zhang,Lu Liu. Research Progress on Mineral Nutrition of Walnut [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(1): 178-190.
[12]	Ying Feng,Qingliang Lin,Dongming Pan. In vitro Conservation of Callus of Cyclocarya paliurus [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(9): 58-66.
[13]	Yunpeng Wang,Rui Zhang,Zhichun Zhou,Shaohua Huang,Lizhen Ma,Huihua Fan. Dynamic Patterns of Genetic Variation in Early Growth Traits of the Open-Pollinated Families of Schima superba Plus Tree [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(9): 77-86.
[14]	Huiru Zhang,Xiangdong Lei,Fengri Li. Research Progress and Prospects of Forest Management Science in China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(9): 130-142.
[15]	Song Hu,Guangyu Zhu,Zhenxiong Chen,Kan Lu,Lang Huang,Zhuo Liu. Basal Area Growth Model for Oaks Natural Secondary Forest in Hunan Province Based on Storey Identification [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(9): 184-192.

Effects of Poplar Inter-Species Mixed Plantations on Growth Characteristics and Resistance to Defoliators

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References 0

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments