油茶种间杂交F1代18个优良单株核型分析

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220417

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: Interspecific hybridization of Camellia oleifera is an important way of germplasm innovation. This study aims to clarify the law of genetic variation of parental and offspring chromosome, which could help guide the selection of descendant materials and the configuration of backcross combination, and provide reference for the subsequent cross breeding research. Method: The root tips of cuttings of parents and 18 excellent F1 plants were selected as materials, the chromosome karyotype characteristics of parents and hybrids were studied by means of an improved chromosome preparation technique and karyotype analysis software, and the chromosomal inheritance and variation of parents and hybrids were analyzed by karyotype near coefficient clustering. Results: 1) The karyotype of male parent 'Huashuo' and female parent 'Youza 2' was 2B type, with m-type chromosome in the majority and sm-type chromosome in the minority. The karyotype formula of female parent 'Youza 2' was 2n = 91 = 53m (4SAT) + 38sm (2SAT). The variation range of chromosome relative length was 1.26% ~ 2.97%, the proportion of chromosomes with arm ratio greater than 2 was 17.8%, the chromosome length ratio was 2.36, and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 62.36%. The karyotype formula of male parent 'Huashuo' was 2n = 90 = 62m (2SAT) + 28sm (4SAT), the relative length of chromosomes ranged from 1.50% to 3.00%, the proportion of chromosomes with arm ratio greater than 2 was 4.4%, the ratio of chromosome length was 2.00, and the asymmetry coefficient of karyotype was 59.38%. 2) Most of the karyotype parameters of hybrid progenies were between male and female parents, most of chromosomes were m-type and sm-type, a few of chromosomes were st-type. The number of sm-type chromosomes was greater than that of m-type ones in some hybrid progenies (YH-14 and YH-18). The variation range of chromosome length was large, with generally in 1.05%~3.32%, most of which were M1 and M2 chromosomes. The variation range of the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 61.01%~63.38%, and the karyotype was 2A or 2B type. 3) The results of karyotype cluster analysis showed that when the similarity coefficient of karyotype was 0.9660 and the distance coefficient was 0.0340, the hybrid progenies could be divided into two groups: most of them were clustered with the female parent 'Youza 2', only YH-11 and YH -15 were clustered with male parent 'Huashuo' into the other group. Conclusion: The karyotype parameters of most of the hybrid progenies are between the male and female parents, and the karyotype parameters of a few hybrid progenies vary greatly. In addition, the karyotypes of most individual plants in the hybrid progeny population are more similar to that of the female parent 'Youza 2', and only a few are more similar to that of the male parent 'Huashuo'. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the cross breeding of Camellia oleifera and the creation of new Camellia oleifera germplasm.

Key words: Camellia oleifera, interspecific hybridization, chromosome, karyotype

CLC Number:

S794.4

Yanmin Li,Deyi Yuan,Tianwen Ye,Ya Chen,Chunxia Han,Shixin Xiao. Karyotype Analysis of 18 Excellent Individuals in F1 Generation of Interspecific Hybridization of Oil-Tea (Camellia oleifera)[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(4): 165-174.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1

Karyotype parameters of parents and hybrids"

材料编号 Materials No.	染色体数目 Chromosome number	相对长度 Chromosome length(%)	AAR	PCA	LC/SC	AKC(%)	CI(%)	染色体相对长度组成 Chromosome type	核型公式 Karyotypic formulation	KC
YZ2	91	1.26~2.97	1.67	0.178	2.36	62.36	29.86~44.04	6L+40M2+38M1+7S	2n=6x+1=91=53m(4SAT)+38sm(2SAT)	2B
HS	90	1.50~3.00	1.48	0.044	2.00	59.38	32.14~47.15	6L+40M2+42M1+2S	2n=6x=90=62m(2SAT)+28sm(4SAT)	2B
YH-1	91	1.47~2.95	1.72	0.176	2.00	62.68	26.97~43.77	8L+34M2+46M1+3S	2n=6x+1=91=47m+44sm(6SAT)	2B
YH-2	91	1.49~2.93	1.68	0.154	1.97	62.05	26.01~43.60	4L+38M2+48M1+1S	2n=6x+1=91=63m+28sm(6SAT)	2A
YH-3	90	1.43~3.18	1.61	0.089	2.22	61.34	31.78~44.35	4L+38M2+42M1+6S	2n=6x=90=62m+28sm4SAT)	2B
YH-4	90	1.55~2.99	1.62	0.111	1.93	61.32	30.42~45.22	4L+38M2+42M1+6S	2n=6x=90=60m+30sm(4SAT)	2A
YH-5	90	1.49~3.03	1.60	0.067	2.03	61.01	30.66~48.88	6L+36M2+44M1+4S	2n=6x=90=60m+30sm(6SAT)	2B
YH-6	90	1.29~3.32	1.63	0.044	2.57	61.81	30.44~45.53	8L+34M2+42M1+6S	2n=6x=90=60m+30sm(4SAT)	2B
YH-7	91	1.31~2.96	1.72	0.187	2.26	61.92	22.01~47.00	4L+40M2+44M1+3S	2n=6x+1=91=58m+32sm(2SAT)+st	2B
YH-8	91	1.34~3.06	1.66	0.110	2.28	61.86	30.06~44.86	8L+34M2+44M1+5S	2n=6x+1=91=53m+38sm(4SAT)	2B
YH-9	90	1.59~3.09	1.63	0.111	1.94	61.40	30.10~45.48	6L+38M2+42M1+4S	2n=6x=90=60m+30sm(6SAT)	2A
YH-10	90	1.58~3.18	1.64	0.133	2.01	61.54	30.03~45.84	4L+40M2+42M1+4S	2n=6x=90=56m+34sm(5SAT)	2B
YH-11	91	1.51~2.94	1.60	0.066	1.95	61.06	29.84~47.84	6L+36M2+46M1+3S	2n=6x+1=91=61m+30sm(2SAT)	2A
YH-12	92	1.54~3.02	1.71	0.196	1.96	62.31	24.72~44.75	4L+38M2+44M1+6S	2n=6x+2=92=50m+40sm(2SAT)+2st	2A
YH-13	90	1.45~3.03	1.72	0.156	2.09	62.62	27.25~45.08	6L+38M2+42M1+4S	2n=6x=90=48m+42sm(2SAT)	2B
YH-14	90	1.45~3.19	1.78	0.244	2.20	63.38	26.84~44.42	6L+34M2+46M1+4S	2n=6x=90=38m+52sm(6SAT)	2B
YH-15	90	1.57~2.94	1.64	0.078	1.87	61.72	31.12~45.33	6L+36M2+44M1+4S	2n=6x=90=56m+34sm (2SAT)	2A
YH-16	90	1.39~3.20	1.69	0.133	2.30	62.28	26.62~44.14	6L+34M2+44M1+6S	2n=6x=90=54m+36sm(2SAT)	2B
YH-17	90	1.53~3.09	1.75	0.311	2.02	62.82	27.76~44.17	4L+40M2+42M1+4S	2n=6x=90=48m+42sm(4SAT)	2B
YH-18	91	1.05~2.89	1.73	0.264	2.75	62.99	27.55~47.38	8L+36M2+42M1+5S	2n=6x+1=91=43m+48sm(4SAT)	2B

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

Similarity coefficient of karyotype and evolutionary distance"

	HS	YZ2	YH-1	YH-2	YH-3	YH-4	YH-5	YH-6	YH-7	YH-8	YH-9	YH-10	YH-11	YH-12	YH-13	YH-14	YH-15	YH-16	YH-17	YH-18
HS	-	0.037 9	0.043 7	0.033 9	0.031 9	0.033 1	0.029 7	0.036 5	0.037 4	0.033 4	0.034 3	0.036 9	0.020 7	0.041 8	0.050 6	0.063 1	0.027 4	0.046 6	0.056 8	0.047 6
YZ2	0.962 8	-	0.017 1	0.008 8	0.004	0.004 9	0.011 9	0.013 2	0.007 8	0.007 4	0.011 9	0.012 6	0.022 5	0.010 5	0.027 4	0.039 2	0.030 5	0.022 6	0.034 7	0.017 4
YH-1	0.957 3	0.983	-	0.019	0.017 6	0.018 9	0.022 1	0.010 8	0.015 9	0.017 3	0.013	0.011 5	0.029 9	0.012	0.02	0.031 1	0.039 1	0.014 5	0.026 9	0.005 3
YH-2	0.966 6	0.991 3	0.981 2	-	0.01	0.011 2	0.005 9	0.015 9	0.012 7	0.005 6	0.014 5	0.015 6	0.018 9	0.015 3	0.031 8	0.041 5	0.028 6	0.026 0	0.039 2	0.022 0
YH-3	0.968 6	0.996	0.982 6	0.990 1	-	0.001 8	0.010 3	0.010 2	0.006 3	0.009 2	0.008 5	0.009 9	0.022 2	0.011 6	0.025 8	0.036 2	0.028 5	0.020 4	0.031 8	0.02
YH-4	0.967 4	0.995 2	0.981 2	0.988 8	0.998 2	-	0.010 8	0.010 9	0.005 7	0.009 6	0.008 6	0.01	0.023 4	0.011 1	0.026 4	0.037 4	0.029 7	0.021 1	0.032 1	0.020 7
YH-5	0.970 8	0.988 2	0.978 1	0.994 2	0.989 8	0.989 2	-	0.015 6	0.013 3	0.008 4	0.013 8	0.014 6	0.020 4	0.016 7	0.029 1	0.038 5	0.026 4	0.023 4	0.035 9	0.024 6
YH-6	0.964 1	0.986 9	0.989 2	0.984 2	0.989 8	0.989 1	0.984 6	-	0.011	0.015 6	0.006 4	0.003 9	0.026 8	0.008 2	0.020 7	0.031 6	0.030 8	0.014 6	0.028 1	0.012 9
YH-7	0.963 3	0.992 2	0.984 2	0.987 3	0.993 7	0.994 3	0.986 8	0.989	-	0.010 6	0.007 2	0.009 7	0.024 5	0.008 1	0.025 7	0.037 8	0.032 2	0.021 5	0.029 9	0.017 7
YH-8	0.967 2	0.992 6	0.982 9	0.994 4	0.990 9	0.990 4	0.991 7	0.984 5	0.989 5	-	0.012 5	0.014 8	0.020 7	0.012 8	0.028	0.039 1	0.029 7	0.023 6	0.034 8	0.019 5
YH-9	0.966 3	0.988 2	0.987 1	0.985 6	0.991 6	0.991 5	0.986 3	0.993 7	0.992 8	0.987 6	-	0.005 1	0.026 3	0.002 8	0.021 6	0.034	0.031	0.016 8	0.029 2	0.015 9
YH-10	0.963 8	0.987 5	0.988 6	0.984 5	0.990 2	0.990 1	0.985 5	0.996 1	0.990 3	0.985 3	0.994 9	-	0.028 4	0.006 1	0.021	0.031 2	0.031 4	0.016	0.028 2	0.014 6
YH-11	0.979 5	0.977 7	0.970 5	0.981 3	0.978	0.976 9	0.979 8	0.973 6	0.975 8	0.979 5	0.974 1	0.972	-	0.027 2	0.043 2	0.051 4	0.012 2	0.036 7	0.048 1	0.031 8
YH-12	0.959	0.989 5	0.988	0.984 8	0.988 5	0.989	0.983 4	0.991 9	0.991 9	0.987 3	0.997 2	0.993 9	0.973 1	-	0.025	0.036 7	0.035 3	0.020 6	0.031 3	0.014 5
YH-13	0.950 6	0.973	0.980 2	0.968 7	0.974 6	0.974	0.971 3	0.979 5	0.974 6	0.972 4	0.978 6	0.979 2	0.957 7	0.975 3	-	0.018 3	0.044 7	0.009 6	0.013 7	0.019 1
YH-14	0.938 8	0.961 6	0.969 3	0.959 3	0.964 4	0.963 3	0.962 2	0.968 9	0.962 9	0.961 7	0.966 6	0.969 2	0.949 9	0.964	0.981 8	-	0.055 3	0.022	0.012 7	0.029 6
YH-15	0.973	0.97	0.961 7	0.971 8	0.971 9	0.970 7	0.974	0.969 6	0.968 3	0.970 7	0.969 5	0.969 1	0.987 9	0.965 3	0.956 2	0.946 2	-	0.038 6	0.051 8	0.039 5
YH-16	0.954 5	0.977 6	0.985 6	0.974 4	0.979 8	0.979 1	0.976 9	0.985 5	0.978 7	0.976 7	0.983 3	0.984 1	0.964	0.979 6	0.990 5	0.978 2	0.962 1	-	0.019 1	0.014
YH-17	0.944 8	0.965 9	0.973 5	0.961 6	0.968 7	0.968 4	0.964 7	0.972 3	0.970 5	0.965 8	0.971 2	0.972 2	0.953 1	0.969 2	0.986 4	0.987 4	0.949 5	0.981 1	-	0.026 4
YH-18	0.953 5	0.982 7	0.994 7	0.978 3	0.980 2	0.979 5	0.975 7	0.987 2	0.982 4	0.980 7	0.984 2	0.985 5	0.968 7	0.985 6	0.981 1	0.970 9	0.961 3	0.986 1	0.973 9	-

Table 2

Fig.2

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Karyotype Analysis of 18 Excellent Individuals in F1 Generation of Interspecific Hybridization of Oil-Tea (Camellia oleifera)

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