薄壳山核桃果实假果皮的光合特性

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20191002

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: In this study we measured the morphology and photosynthetic parameters of Carya illinoinensis at different development stages. Furthermore, DCMU, an inhibitor of photosynthesis, was applied to detect the effect of photosynthesis inhibitionon the fruit dry weight. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of photosynthesis of Pecan pseudo-peel on the fruit dry matter accumulation, which could lay a foundation for further study on potential and advantage of photosynthesis of pseudo-peel of pecan, and provide atechnical basis for further improving the yield of pecans. Method: In this study, pecan fruits were used as the experimental material.The dynamic changes in dry/fresh mass, surface area, chlorophyll content, the activity of RuBPC (ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase) and PEPC (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase) of pecan fruits were investigated at the critical stage of fruit development.In addition, DCMU was applied once a week from July 25^th (75DAP)to the fruits harveston September 12^th to inhibitthe fruit photosynthesis, and the dynamic changes in fruit length/width, fresh/dry weight of nutlet, and oil content weremeasured to detect the effect of DCMU treatment on fruit dry matter.Result: 1) From 80 to 120 DAP, fresh weight, dry weight and surface area of pecan fruits increased by 579.33%, 447.74% and 227.39%, respectively (P < 0.01). 2)From 80 to 120 DAP, the photosynthetic rate (P_g) decreased by 24%with PAR of 1 300 μmol·m^-2s^-1, however, there was no significant change in stomatal conductance (G_s) and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (C_i) (P>0.05).3)The chlorophyll content of the pseudo-peel of pecan fruit was significantly reduced by 63.15% (P < 0.05).The activity of RuBPC and PEPC decreased by 56.25% (P < 0.05) and 48.78% (P < 0.05), respectively, while the content of soluble protein did not change significantly (P>0.05).4) The maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m), the actual photochemical quantum efficiency (Y (Ⅱ)), the ratio of the PSⅡ reaction centers (q_P)and the electron transfer rate (ETR)in the pseudo-peel of pecanfruits were not significantly changed (P>0.05)at PAR of 1 801 μmol·m^-2s^-1. 5) After DCMU treatment, the fruit length and width decreased by 5.07% (P < 0.05) and 4.56% (P < 0.05), the dry weight and fresh weight of nutlet decreased by 12.29% (P < 0.05)and 14.97% (P < 0.05), respectively, and the oil content decreased by 2.48% (P < 0.05). Objective: The results indicated that with the growth of fruits, the photosynthetic capacity of pseudo-peel of pecan fruits was significantly reduced. From 80 to 120 DAP, the decrease in P_g might be due to the decreased chlorophyll content, RuBPC enzyme and PEPC enzyme activity of the pecan fruits' pseudo-peel. However, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters did not change significantly, and the photosynthetic apparatus of the pseudo-peel was stable. The fruit size and quality decreased significantly after DCMU treatment. Photosynthesis of the pseudo-peel plays an important role in dry matter accumulation of Pecan fruits.

Key words: fruit development, pecan fruits, pseudo-peel, photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation

CLC Number:

S718.43

Yun Zhang,Tao Liu,Tao Zhang,Letian Xie,Jianqin Huang,Zhengjia Wang,Yuanyuan Hu. Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pseudo-peel of Pecan Fruits[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(10): 10-18.

Figures/Tables 7

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授粉后天数 Days after pollination	鲜质量 Fresh weight/g	干质量 Dry weight/ g	表面积 Surface area/ cm²
80	6.29±0.44A	1.55±0.10A	17.85±0.28A
120	42.70±0.56B	8.49±0.09B	58.44±3.11B

授粉后天数 Days after pollination/d	最大光化学速率 F_v/F_m	实际光化学效率 Y(Ⅱ)	光化学猝灭系数 q_P	表观电子传递速率 ETR/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)
80	0.74±0.02a	0.049±0.01a	0.07±0.01a	22.22±4.05a
120	0.77±0.03a	0.054±0.01a	0.06±0.02a	19.34±2.54a

参数Parameters	CK	DCMU
果长Length/mm	75.214±4.642a	71.404±2.992b
果横径Width/mm	39.625±1.790a	37.820±1.731b
果仁鲜质量Fresh weight of nutlet	5.964±0.798a	5.071±1.067b
果仁干质量Dry weight of nutlet	2.286±0.201a	2.005±0.333b
含油率Oil content(%)	72.6±0.003a	70.8±0.002b

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Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pseudo-peel of Pecan Fruits

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