林业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 47-57.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220568
夏成康1,2(),林勇1,2,兰勇3,吴高洋4,王晟楠1,2,陈伏生1,2,*
收稿日期:
2022-08-15
出版日期:
2024-01-25
发布日期:
2024-01-29
通讯作者:
陈伏生
E-mail:xiachengk20@163.com
基金资助:
Chengkang Xia1,2(),Yong Lin1,2,Yong Lan3,Gaoyang Wu4,Shengnan Wang1,2,Fusheng Chen1,2,*
Received:
2022-08-15
Online:
2024-01-25
Published:
2024-01-29
Contact:
Fusheng Chen
E-mail:xiachengk20@163.com
摘要:
目的: 探究初植(同龄混植)和补植(异龄混植)阔叶树对湿地松养分获取和利用策略的影响,为湿地松林的科学管理提供参考。方法: 以种植于我国亚热带红壤丘陵区的湿地松林为对象,基于长期单种和混交试验平台,分别在林龄30年且立地条件相似的湿地松纯林、湿地松-木荷初植混交林、湿地松-木荷补植混交林(补植木荷14年)中构建5块20 m×20 m标准样地(共15块样地),采集湿地松标准木的根际土壤、细根、枝、新鲜叶和凋落叶样品,测定土壤和植物各器官的氮(N)、磷(P)含量,评估不同混交模式对根养分捕获能力、叶养分回收和树木养分转运的影响,揭示养分获取策略变化的驱动因素。结果: 混交阔叶树显著提高湿地松根际土壤的NH4+-N和矿质氮含量(P < 0.05),但根际土壤养分含量在初植和补植混交林之间无显著差异(P > 0.05);整体看,混交阔叶树提高湿地松各器官的N、P含量,其中初植混交效应比补植好。与纯林相比,初植混交林中湿地松根氮和磷捕获能力分别显著提高14.04%和46.16%,叶氮回收效率显著降低6.07%,磷回收效率显著提高15.49%。尽管补植阔叶树降低根养分捕获成本,但阔叶树根系抑制湿地松根系的养分捕获能力,导致补植混交林中湿地松根养分捕获能力和叶养分回收效率均无显著变化。此外,与纯林相比,初植混交林中湿地松运输根向枝、叶的N转运分别提高36.05%和15.61%,P转运分别降低35.13%和36.52%;补植混交林中N转运无显著变化,但运输根向枝、叶的P转运比在纯林分别降低53.21%和40.17%。结论: 混交阔叶树提高红壤丘陵区湿地松根际土壤和植株各器官的养分含量,改变湿地松养分获取策略,其中初植比补植更能促进湿地松的养分获取和利用。此外,养分在植物体内的转运过程可被检测,且反映根捕获和叶回收的权衡关系。
中图分类号:
夏成康,林勇,兰勇,吴高洋,王晟楠,陈伏生. 初植和补植阔叶树对红壤丘陵区湿地松养分获取和转运的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(1): 47-57.
Chengkang Xia,Yong Lin,Yong Lan,Gaoyang Wu,Shengnan Wang,Fusheng Chen. Effect of Initial Planting and Replanting Broad-Leaved Trees on Nutrient Acquisition and Translocation of Slash Pine in Red Soil Hilly Region[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(1): 47-57.
表1
3种森林类型的林分特性和根际土特征①"
观测变量Variables | 湿地松纯林 Pure slash pine plantation | 初植混交林 Initial mixed plantation | 补植混交林 Replanting mixed plantation |
林分密度 Stand density/ hm?2 | 996±12a | 1 015±24a | 1 014±21a |
湿地松平均胸径 Average DBH of slash pines/ cm | 21.06±0.53b | 22.71±0.52a | 21.37±0.48b |
湿地松平均树高 Average height of slash pines/ m | 11.28±0.20b | 12.97±0.32a | 11.53±0.61b |
根际土pH Rhizosphere soil pH | 4.35±0.04a | 4.33±0.02a | 4.33±0.01a |
根际土有机碳 Rhizosphere soil organic C/ (g·kg?1) | 20.02±1.85a | 21.16±1.29a | 20.86±4.31a |
根际土全氮 Rhizosphere soil total N/ (g·kg?1) | 1.78±0.14b | 2.93±0.56a | 2.47±0.25ab |
根际土全磷 Rhizosphere soil total P/ (g·kg?1) | 0.35±0.11a | 0.20±0.03a | 0.26±0.03a |
表2
3类森林中湿地松根际土壤和器官的养分含量①"
土壤和器官 Soil and organs | 养分 Nutrients | 湿地松纯林 Pure slash pine plantation | 初植混交林 Initial mixed plantation | 补植混交林 Replanting mixed plantation |
根际土壤 Rhizosphere soil | NH4+-N/ (mg·kg?1) | 15.14±0.29b | 18.01±0.94a | 18.09±0.28a |
NO3?-N/ (mg·kg?1) | 1.80±0.21a | 1.55±0.24a | 1.73±0.11a | |
MNS/ (mg·kg?1) | 16.94±0.62b | 19.56±2.19a | 19.83±0.47a | |
APS/ (mg·kg?1) | 3.95±0.04a | 4.34±0.56a | 4.34±0.04a | |
MNS/ APS | 4.29±0.09a | 4.52±0.16a | 4.57±0.04a | |
吸收根 Absorptive roots | TN/ (mg·g?1) | 5.39±0.26b | 7.05±0.24a | 6.47±0.71a |
TP/ (mg·g?1) | 0.36±0.01b | 0.58±0.05a | 0.40±0.06b | |
N/P | 14.94±0.25ab | 12.26±0.25b | 16.44±1.54a | |
运输根 Transport roots | TN/ (mg·g?1) | 3.25±0.26a | 3.42±0.34a | 3.29±0.31a |
TP/ (mg·g?1) | 0.12±0.03c | 0.19±0.02b | 0.24±0.02a | |
N/P | 27.80±3.55a | 17.64±0.11b | 13.72±0.66b | |
枝 Twigs | TN/ (mg·g?1) | 5.68±0.58c | 8.12±0.17a | 6.58±0.85b |
TP/ (mg·g?1) | 0.52±0.10a | 0.55±0.07a | 0.49±0.06a | |
N/P | 11.27±0.79b | 14.88±0.75a | 13.48±0.89ab | |
新鲜叶 Fresh needles | TN/ (mg·g?1) | 8.98±0.26b | 10.95±0.41a | 8.69±1.01b |
TP/ (mg·g?1) | 0.54±0.03b | 0.56±0.05b | 0.65±0.09a | |
N/P | 16.72±0.53b | 19.76±0.96a | 13.35±0.85c | |
凋落叶 Senesced needles | TN/ (mg·g?1) | 3.10±0.22b | 4.45±0.32a | 2.94±0.47b |
TP/ (mg·g?1) | 0.25±0.02a | 0.18±0.04b | 0.28±0.05a | |
N/P | 12.43±0.40b | 24.65±1.98a | 10.56±0.81b |
图4
初植混交(A)和补植混交(B)驱动的养分获取变量间的相关性 MNS:根际土壤矿质氮含量Mineral nitrogen in rhizosphere soil;APS:根际土壤有效磷含量Available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil;NAR:吸收根氮含量Absorption root nitrogen;PAR:吸收根磷含量Absorption root phosphorus;以此类推and so on;N:P:新鲜叶的氮磷比Nitrogen phosphorus ratio of fresh needles;RCA:根捕获能力Root capture ability;RE:回收效率Resorption efficiency; *, P<0.05;**, P<0.01;***, P<0.001."
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